Exposure to disinfection by-products in swimming pools and biomarkers of genotoxicity and respiratory damage - The PISCINA2 Study

BACKGROUND: Swimming in pools is a healthy activity that entails exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs), some of which are irritant and genotoxic. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated exposure to DBPs during swimming in a chlorinated pool and the association with short-term changes in genotoxicity and lung...

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Autores: Font-Ribera, Laia, Barreiro Portela, Esther, Gracia Lavedan, Esther, Arjona, Lourdes, De Bont, Jeroen, 1989-, Tarès, Lluïsa, Vineis, Paolo, Kogevinas, Manolis, Villanueva Belmonte, Cristina
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2019
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10230/43147
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10230/43147
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.104988
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Piscines -- Contaminació
Biomarkers
CC16
Disinfection by-products
Exposure
Genotoxicity
Swimming pools
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spelling Exposure to disinfection by-products in swimming pools and biomarkers of genotoxicity and respiratory damage - The PISCINA2 StudyFont-Ribera, LaiaBarreiro Portela, EstherGracia Lavedan, EstherArjona, LourdesDe Bont, Jeroen, 1989-Tarès, LluïsaVineis, PaoloKogevinas, ManolisVillanueva Belmonte, CristinaPiscines -- ContaminacióBiomarkersCC16Disinfection by-productsExposureGenotoxicitySwimming poolsBACKGROUND: Swimming in pools is a healthy activity that entails exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs), some of which are irritant and genotoxic. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated exposure to DBPs during swimming in a chlorinated pool and the association with short-term changes in genotoxicity and lung epithelium permeability biomarkers. METHODS: Non-smoker adults (N = 116) swimming 40 min in an indoor pool were included. We measured a range of biomarkers before and at different times after swimming: trihalomethanes (THMs) in exhaled breath (5 min), trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) in urine (30 min), micronuclei in lymphocytes (1 h), serum club cell protein (CC16) (1 h), urine mutagenicity (2 h) and micronuclei in reticulocytes (4 days in a subset, N = 19). Several DBPs in water and trichloramine in air were measured, and physical activity was extensively assessed. We estimated interactions with polymorphisms in genes related to DBP metabolism. RESULTS: Median level of chloroform, brominated and total THMs in water was 37.3, 9.5 and 48.5, μg/L, respectively, and trichloramine in air was 472.6 μg/m3. Median exhaled chloroform, brominated and total THMs increased after swimming by 10.9, 2.6 and 13.4, μg/m3, respectively. Creatinine-adjusted urinary TCAA increased by 3.1 μmol/mol. Micronuclei in lymphocytes and reticulocytes, urine mutagenicity and serum CC16 levels remained unchanged after swimming. Spearman correlation coefficients showed no association between DBP exposure and micronuclei in lymphocytes, urine mutagenicity and CC16. Moderate associations were observed for micronuclei in reticulocytes and DBP exposure. CONCLUSIONS: The unchanged levels of the short-term effect biomarkers after swimming and null associations with personal estimates of exposure to DBPs suggest no measurable effect on genotoxicity in lymphocytes, urine mutagenicity and lung epithelium permeability at the observed exposure levels. The moderate associations with micronuclei in reticulocytes require cautious interpretation given the reduced sample size.We are grateful to all volunteers and the swimming pool facility. This work was funded by the EU 7th Framework Programme EXPOSOMICS Project (grant agreement 308610). We thank the Parc de Salut Mar Biobank (MARBiobanc) for providing support to the project. MARBiobanc is supported by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III/FEDER (RD09/0076/00036 and PT13/0010/0005) and the “Xarxa de Bancs de tumors” sponsored by Pla Director d'Oncologia de Catalunya (XBTC). ISGlobal is a member of the CERCA Programme, Generalitat de Catalunya. We appreciate the work by Kate Jones (Health & Safety Laboratory, UK) for urinary TCAA analysis.Elsevier201920192019info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10230/43147http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.104988reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)InglésEnvironment International. 2019;131:104988info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/3086100160-4120/ © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:10230/431472026-05-29T05:05:01Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Exposure to disinfection by-products in swimming pools and biomarkers of genotoxicity and respiratory damage - The PISCINA2 Study
title Exposure to disinfection by-products in swimming pools and biomarkers of genotoxicity and respiratory damage - The PISCINA2 Study
spellingShingle Exposure to disinfection by-products in swimming pools and biomarkers of genotoxicity and respiratory damage - The PISCINA2 Study
Font-Ribera, Laia
Piscines -- Contaminació
Biomarkers
CC16
Disinfection by-products
Exposure
Genotoxicity
Swimming pools
title_short Exposure to disinfection by-products in swimming pools and biomarkers of genotoxicity and respiratory damage - The PISCINA2 Study
title_full Exposure to disinfection by-products in swimming pools and biomarkers of genotoxicity and respiratory damage - The PISCINA2 Study
title_fullStr Exposure to disinfection by-products in swimming pools and biomarkers of genotoxicity and respiratory damage - The PISCINA2 Study
title_full_unstemmed Exposure to disinfection by-products in swimming pools and biomarkers of genotoxicity and respiratory damage - The PISCINA2 Study
title_sort Exposure to disinfection by-products in swimming pools and biomarkers of genotoxicity and respiratory damage - The PISCINA2 Study
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Font-Ribera, Laia
Barreiro Portela, Esther
Gracia Lavedan, Esther
Arjona, Lourdes
De Bont, Jeroen, 1989-
Tarès, Lluïsa
Vineis, Paolo
Kogevinas, Manolis
Villanueva Belmonte, Cristina
author Font-Ribera, Laia
author_facet Font-Ribera, Laia
Barreiro Portela, Esther
Gracia Lavedan, Esther
Arjona, Lourdes
De Bont, Jeroen, 1989-
Tarès, Lluïsa
Vineis, Paolo
Kogevinas, Manolis
Villanueva Belmonte, Cristina
author_role author
author2 Barreiro Portela, Esther
Gracia Lavedan, Esther
Arjona, Lourdes
De Bont, Jeroen, 1989-
Tarès, Lluïsa
Vineis, Paolo
Kogevinas, Manolis
Villanueva Belmonte, Cristina
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Piscines -- Contaminació
Biomarkers
CC16
Disinfection by-products
Exposure
Genotoxicity
Swimming pools
topic Piscines -- Contaminació
Biomarkers
CC16
Disinfection by-products
Exposure
Genotoxicity
Swimming pools
description BACKGROUND: Swimming in pools is a healthy activity that entails exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs), some of which are irritant and genotoxic. OBJECTIVES: We evaluated exposure to DBPs during swimming in a chlorinated pool and the association with short-term changes in genotoxicity and lung epithelium permeability biomarkers. METHODS: Non-smoker adults (N = 116) swimming 40 min in an indoor pool were included. We measured a range of biomarkers before and at different times after swimming: trihalomethanes (THMs) in exhaled breath (5 min), trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) in urine (30 min), micronuclei in lymphocytes (1 h), serum club cell protein (CC16) (1 h), urine mutagenicity (2 h) and micronuclei in reticulocytes (4 days in a subset, N = 19). Several DBPs in water and trichloramine in air were measured, and physical activity was extensively assessed. We estimated interactions with polymorphisms in genes related to DBP metabolism. RESULTS: Median level of chloroform, brominated and total THMs in water was 37.3, 9.5 and 48.5, μg/L, respectively, and trichloramine in air was 472.6 μg/m3. Median exhaled chloroform, brominated and total THMs increased after swimming by 10.9, 2.6 and 13.4, μg/m3, respectively. Creatinine-adjusted urinary TCAA increased by 3.1 μmol/mol. Micronuclei in lymphocytes and reticulocytes, urine mutagenicity and serum CC16 levels remained unchanged after swimming. Spearman correlation coefficients showed no association between DBP exposure and micronuclei in lymphocytes, urine mutagenicity and CC16. Moderate associations were observed for micronuclei in reticulocytes and DBP exposure. CONCLUSIONS: The unchanged levels of the short-term effect biomarkers after swimming and null associations with personal estimates of exposure to DBPs suggest no measurable effect on genotoxicity in lymphocytes, urine mutagenicity and lung epithelium permeability at the observed exposure levels. The moderate associations with micronuclei in reticulocytes require cautious interpretation given the reduced sample size.
publishDate 2019
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2019
2019
2019
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10230/43147
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.104988
url http://hdl.handle.net/10230/43147
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2019.104988
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Environment International. 2019;131:104988
info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/308610
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
instname_str Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
reponame_str Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
collection Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,81155

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