Placebo from an enactive perspective

[EN] Due to their complexity and variability, placebo effects remain controversial. We suggest this is also due to a set of problematic assumptions (dualism, reductionism, individualism, passivity). We critically assess current explanations and empirical evidence and propose an alternative theoretic...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Romero Arandia, Iñigo, Di Paolo, Ezequiel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:España
Institución:Universidad del País Vasco
Repositorio:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
OAI Identifier:oai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/52589
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10810/52589
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:enaction
embodiment
meaning response
agency
participatory sense-making
Gilbert Simondon
placebo & nocebo effects
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spelling Placebo from an enactive perspectiveRomero Arandia, IñigoDi Paolo, Ezequielenactionembodimentmeaning responseagencyparticipatory sense-makingGilbert Simondonplacebo & nocebo effects[EN] Due to their complexity and variability, placebo effects remain controversial. We suggest this is also due to a set of problematic assumptions (dualism, reductionism, individualism, passivity). We critically assess current explanations and empirical evidence and propose an alternative theoretical framework—the enactive approach to life and mind—based on recent developments in embodied cognitive science. We review core enactive concepts such as autonomy, agency, and sense-making. Following these ideas, we propose a move from binary distinctions (e.g., conscious vs. non-conscious) to the more workable categories of reflective and pre-reflective activity. We introduce an ontology of individuation, following the work of Gilbert Simondon, that allow us to see placebo interventions not as originating causal chains, but as modulators and triggers in the regulation of tensions between ongoing embodied and interpersonal processes. We describe these interrelated processes involving looping effects through three intertwined dimensions of embodiment: organic, sensorimotor, and intersubjective. Finally, we defend the need to investigate therapeutic interactions in terms of participatory sense-making, going beyond the identification of individual social traits (e.g., empathy, trust) that contribute to placebo effects.We discuss resonances and differences between the enactive proposal, popular explanations such as expectations and conditioning, and other approaches based onmeaning responses and phenomenological/ecological ideas.This work was supported by the Basque Government under grant IT 1228-19 to the IAS-Research group. IA was supported by a Juan de la Cierva-Formación Research Fellowship by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, and partially supported by the Government of Aragon (Spain) under grant cod T3317D to ISAAClab and by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness under project TIN2016-80347-R.Frontiers Media202120212021info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10810/52589reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigacióninstname:Universidad del País VascoInglésinfo:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/TIN2016-80347-R/https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.660118info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/© 2021 Arandia and Di Paolo. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Atribución 3.0 Españaoai:addi.ehu.eus:10810/525892026-06-18T09:23:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Placebo from an enactive perspective
title Placebo from an enactive perspective
spellingShingle Placebo from an enactive perspective
Romero Arandia, Iñigo
enaction
embodiment
meaning response
agency
participatory sense-making
Gilbert Simondon
placebo & nocebo effects
title_short Placebo from an enactive perspective
title_full Placebo from an enactive perspective
title_fullStr Placebo from an enactive perspective
title_full_unstemmed Placebo from an enactive perspective
title_sort Placebo from an enactive perspective
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Romero Arandia, Iñigo
Di Paolo, Ezequiel
author Romero Arandia, Iñigo
author_facet Romero Arandia, Iñigo
Di Paolo, Ezequiel
author_role author
author2 Di Paolo, Ezequiel
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv enaction
embodiment
meaning response
agency
participatory sense-making
Gilbert Simondon
placebo & nocebo effects
topic enaction
embodiment
meaning response
agency
participatory sense-making
Gilbert Simondon
placebo & nocebo effects
description [EN] Due to their complexity and variability, placebo effects remain controversial. We suggest this is also due to a set of problematic assumptions (dualism, reductionism, individualism, passivity). We critically assess current explanations and empirical evidence and propose an alternative theoretical framework—the enactive approach to life and mind—based on recent developments in embodied cognitive science. We review core enactive concepts such as autonomy, agency, and sense-making. Following these ideas, we propose a move from binary distinctions (e.g., conscious vs. non-conscious) to the more workable categories of reflective and pre-reflective activity. We introduce an ontology of individuation, following the work of Gilbert Simondon, that allow us to see placebo interventions not as originating causal chains, but as modulators and triggers in the regulation of tensions between ongoing embodied and interpersonal processes. We describe these interrelated processes involving looping effects through three intertwined dimensions of embodiment: organic, sensorimotor, and intersubjective. Finally, we defend the need to investigate therapeutic interactions in terms of participatory sense-making, going beyond the identification of individual social traits (e.g., empathy, trust) that contribute to placebo effects.We discuss resonances and differences between the enactive proposal, popular explanations such as expectations and conditioning, and other approaches based onmeaning responses and phenomenological/ecological ideas.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2021
2021
2021
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10810/52589
url http://hdl.handle.net/10810/52589
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/MINECO/TIN2016-80347-R/
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.660118
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
Atribución 3.0 España
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/es/
Atribución 3.0 España
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Frontiers Media
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
instname:Universidad del País Vasco
instname_str Universidad del País Vasco
reponame_str Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
collection Addi. Archivo Digital para la Docencia y la Investigación
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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