Changes in PM10 concentrations, composition, and source contributions in the last decades in urban and regional Barcelona

PM<inf>10</inf> concentrations in Europe have been declining in the last decades. An analysis of the PM<inf>10</inf> concentrations and speciation measured at an urban and a regional background sites in NE Spain (BCN and MSY, respectively) is carried out with data from studie...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Canals-Angerri, Anna, Hopke, Philip K., Lara, Rosa, Alastuey, Andrés, Reche, Cristina, Pérez, Noemí, van Drooge, Barend L., Querol, Xavier
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/405960
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/405960
https://api.elsevier.com/content/abstract/scopus_id/105020725014
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Shipping
Air quality
Receptor modelling
Vanadium
SOA
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/9
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/11
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/12
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/3
http://metadata.un.org/sdg/7
Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages
Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all
Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Ensure sustainable consumption and production patterns
Descripción
Sumario:PM<inf>10</inf> concentrations in Europe have been declining in the last decades. An analysis of the PM<inf>10</inf> concentrations and speciation measured at an urban and a regional background sites in NE Spain (BCN and MSY, respectively) is carried out with data from studies since 1999. Since 1999, the average PM<inf>10</inf> concentrations in BCN went from 49 to 20 μg m<sup>−3</sup> (−1.4 [−2.3, −0.29] μg m<sup>−3</sup> y<sup>−1</sup>, p < 0.05). Having met the EU PM<inf>10</inf> standards in 2010, mild actions were implemented to abate PM<inf>10</inf>, with local and regional efforts focusing on NO<inf>2</inf>. In 2020–2021, PM<inf>10</inf> was composed by 25 % of mineral matter (MM, 11 % desert dust +14 % urban dust), 22 % organic matter, 20 % secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA), 3 % elemental carbon, and 8 % sea salt (SS). Moreover, 19 % of PM<inf>10</inf> has a natural origin, being a relevant contribution for compliance of the PM<inf>10</inf> limit value (20 μg m<sup>−3</sup>) of the Air Quality Directive (EU) 2024/2881. Receptor modelling for 2020–2021 identified 10 major sources contributing to PM<inf>10</inf>: aged sea salt, mineral and vehicle emissions accounted for 81 % of the PM<inf>10</inf>. This study is the first in Barcelona not being able to identify a shipping profile. Despite substantial reduction of direct shipping emissions, moored cruise ships are identified as its primary PM<inf>10</inf> contributor. Overall, the results provide relevant information on the impact of policy actions implemented, and on identifying major target sources for the abatement of PM in urban environments of the W-Mediterranean.