Regulatory role of the mechanistic target of Rapamycin (mTOR) on the expression of osmotic stress response genes in mammalian cells
Adaptive responses allow cells to maintain their growth as well as their proliferative potential under diverse stress conditions. It is known that, growth and proliferation can be suppressed by intense stress, but maintained under tolerable stress conditions under which cells can induce compensatory...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2012 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | CBUC, CESCA |
| Repositorio: | TDR. Tesis Doctorales en Red |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/92564 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10803/92564 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Osmotic stress mTOR Gene expression Messenger RNA Chromatin Transcription Rapamycin Torin1 NFAT5 Estrés osmótico Expresión génica RNA mensajero Cromatina Transcripción Rapamicina 575 |
| Sumario: | Adaptive responses allow cells to maintain their growth as well as their proliferative potential under diverse stress conditions. It is known that, growth and proliferation can be suppressed by intense stress, but maintained under tolerable stress conditions under which cells can induce compensatory responses. The kinase mTOR is a central regulator of proliferative and growing capacity in mammalian cells, and has been shown to be sensitive to diverse stressors. However, little is known about the role played by mTOR in the adaptive responses that cells utilize to resist stress and maintain their growth capacity. We addressed this question in the context of osmotic stress, to which cells can adapt by inducing the transcription of specialized genes. We showed that mTOR is active under moderate osmostress conditions and regulates the induction of a set of genes by mechanisms dependent and independent of NFAT5, the main transcription factor involved in the transcription of genes upon hypertonic stress. In addition, we observed that the overall set of genes whose induction was sensitive to mTOR activity is enriched in regulators of growth and proliferation. We also have identified REDD1 and REDD2 as two osmostress and mTOR-dependent induced genes, which previously had been characterized in other stress contexts acting as negative regulators of the mTORC1 pathway. We observed that mTOR promoted changes in chromatin predisposing it towards a transcriptional permissive configuration, with higher levels of acetylated histone H4 and increased recruitment of active RNA-pol II to promoters as well as transcribed regions. Altogether, the results described in this thesis reveal a new role for the mTOR kinase in the regulation of gene expression to facilitate the cellular adaptive response upon osmostress. |
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