Formic acid isomerism in dark clouds: Astrophysics Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey and astrochemical modeling

10 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Molpeceres, Germán, Agúndez, Marcelino, Mallo, M., Cabezas, Carlos, Sanz-Novo, M., Rivilla, V. M., García de la Concepción, J., Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun, Cernicharo, José
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Repositorio:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
OAI Identifier:oai:digital.csic.es:10261/419329
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10261/419329
http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.18315v1
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Astrochemistry
ISM: molecules
Methods: numerical
Methods: observational
Astrophysics
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Formic acid isomerism in dark clouds: Astrophysics Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey and astrochemical modeling
Piecing together formic acid isomerism in dark clouds. Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 and astrochemical modeling
title Formic acid isomerism in dark clouds: Astrophysics Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey and astrochemical modeling
spellingShingle Formic acid isomerism in dark clouds: Astrophysics Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey and astrochemical modeling
Molpeceres, Germán
Astrochemistry
ISM: molecules
Methods: numerical
Methods: observational
Astrophysics
title_short Formic acid isomerism in dark clouds: Astrophysics Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey and astrochemical modeling
title_full Formic acid isomerism in dark clouds: Astrophysics Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey and astrochemical modeling
title_fullStr Formic acid isomerism in dark clouds: Astrophysics Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey and astrochemical modeling
title_full_unstemmed Formic acid isomerism in dark clouds: Astrophysics Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey and astrochemical modeling
title_sort Formic acid isomerism in dark clouds: Astrophysics Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey and astrochemical modeling
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Molpeceres, Germán
Agúndez, Marcelino
Mallo, M.
Cabezas, Carlos
Sanz-Novo, M.
Rivilla, V. M.
García de la Concepción, J.
Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun
Cernicharo, José
author Molpeceres, Germán
author_facet Molpeceres, Germán
Agúndez, Marcelino
Mallo, M.
Cabezas, Carlos
Sanz-Novo, M.
Rivilla, V. M.
García de la Concepción, J.
Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun
Cernicharo, José
author_role author
author2 Agúndez, Marcelino
Mallo, M.
Cabezas, Carlos
Sanz-Novo, M.
Rivilla, V. M.
García de la Concepción, J.
Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun
Cernicharo, José
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España)
Centro de Supercomputación de Galicia
European Commission
Molpeceres, Germán [0000-0001-8803-8684]
Agúndez, Marcelino [0000-0003-3248-3564]
Mallo, M. [0009-0004-0023-8315]
#NODATA#
Sanz-Novo, M. [0000-0001-9629-0257]
#NODATA#
García de la Concepción, J. [0000-0001-6484-9546]
Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun [0000-0003-4493-8714]
Cernicharo, José [0000-0002-3518-2524]
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Astrochemistry
ISM: molecules
Methods: numerical
Methods: observational
Astrophysics
topic Astrochemistry
ISM: molecules
Methods: numerical
Methods: observational
Astrophysics
description 10 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2026
2026
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10261/419329
http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.18315v1
url http://hdl.handle.net/10261/419329
http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.18315v1
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv EDP Sciences
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dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC
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spelling Formic acid isomerism in dark clouds: Astrophysics Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey and astrochemical modelingPiecing together formic acid isomerism in dark clouds. Detection of cis-formic acid in TMC-1 and astrochemical modelingMolpeceres, GermánAgúndez, MarcelinoMallo, M.Cabezas, CarlosSanz-Novo, M.Rivilla, V. M.García de la Concepción, J.Jiménez-Serra, IzaskunCernicharo, JoséAstrochemistryISM: moleculesMethods: numericalMethods: observationalAstrophysics10 pages, 7 figures, 3 tablesThe presence of molecular isomers in interstellar environments has become a topic of growing interest within the astrochemical community. Contrary to predictions based on thermodynamic equilibrium, recent observations reveal a diverse array of high-energy isomers and conformers. One of the most iconic molecular isomers detected in space, formic acid (HCOOH, FA), has been the focus of extensive theoretical research aimed at understanding its speciation into cis and trans conformers in dark clouds and photodissociation regions. In this work, we report the detection of c-FA, the higher-energy conformer, using ultrasensitive observations of TMC-1. This detection adds to previous findings in the Barnard-5 and L483 dark clouds. The derived trans-to-cis isomer ratio in TMC-1, 17.5, closely matches those observed in other sources, suggesting that the same chemical processes are at play across these environments. To investigate this, we conducted detailed astrochemical gas-grain models tailored to formic acid isomerism to explain the observed ratios. Our models successfully reproduce the observed trans/cis ratios and indicate that the presence of cis-formic acid can be attributed to the release of c-FA from grains, followed by isomerization driven by the excess energy released during the desorption process, a process that we name as isomerization upon desorption. The models also show that the isomerization of t-FA to c-FA in the gas phase is negligible at 10 K, meaning the observed ratios are a direct consequence of the formation pathways of both isomers on the surface of dust grains. However, at higher temperatures, quantum tunneling mediated direct isomerization in the gas becomes significant, and the ratios converge toward the thermodynamic equilibrium value.G.M acknowledges the support of the grant RYC2022-035442-I funded by MCIU/AEI/10.130 39/501100011033 and ESF+. G.M. also received support from project 20245AT016(Proyectos Intramurales CSIC). We acknowledge the computational resources provided by the DRAGO computer cluster managed by SGAI-CSIC, and the Galician Supercomputing Center (CESGA). The supercomputer FinisTerrae III and its permanent data storage system have been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, the Galician Government and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). We also thank ERC for funding through grant ERC-2013-Syg-610256-NANOCOSMOS. This publication is part of the project PID2023-147545NB-I00 funded byMICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. M.S.-N acknowledges a Juan de la Cierva Postdoctoral Fellow project JDC2022-048934-I, funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the European Union “Next GenerationEU/PRTR”. V.M.R. acknowledges support from the grant PID2022-136814NB-I00 by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities/State Agency of Research MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF, UE; the grant RYC2020029387-I funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by "ESF, Investing in your future", and from the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) and the Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) through the project 20225AT015 (Proyectos intramurales especiales del CSIC); and from the grant CNS2023144464 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”. I.J-.S acknowledges funding from the ERC Consolidator grant OPENS (project number 101125858) funded by the European Union, and from grant PID2022-136814NB-I00 funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities/State Agency of Research MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF/EU”. JGdlC also acknowledge European Funds of Regional Development, and the Autonomous Government of Extremadura (Grant GR24020).Peer reviewedEDP SciencesMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (España)Centro de Supercomputación de GaliciaEuropean CommissionMolpeceres, Germán [0000-0001-8803-8684]Agúndez, Marcelino [0000-0003-3248-3564]Mallo, M. [0009-0004-0023-8315]#NODATA#Sanz-Novo, M. [0000-0001-9629-0257]#NODATA#García de la Concepción, J. [0000-0001-6484-9546]Jiménez-Serra, Izaskun [0000-0003-4493-8714]Cernicharo, José [0000-0002-3518-2524]Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [https://ror.org/02gfc7t72]202620262025info:eu-repo/semantics/articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Publisher's versioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttp://hdl.handle.net/10261/419329http://arxiv.org/abs/2509.18315v1reponame:DIGITAL.CSIC. 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