Phase change material cascade storage for CSP: A performance evaluation

The integration of supercritical CO2 (sCO2) Brayton cycles in Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants offers a pathway to higher thermal efficiencies compared to conventional Rankine cycles. However, achieving high operational temperatures demands advanced Thermal Energy Storage (TES) solutions beyon...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Prieto, Cristina, López-Román, Antón, Tagle-Salazar, Pablo D., de Giorgi, Paolo, Cabeza, Luisa F.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:10459.1/469287
Acceso en línea:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2025.124796
https://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/469287
http://hdl.handle.net/10459.1/469287
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Phase change materials (PCM)
Thermal energy storage (TES)
High-temperature energy storage
Supercritical CO2 (sCO2)
Concentrating solar power (CSP)
Heat transfer enhancement
Techno-economic analysis
Descripción
Sumario:The integration of supercritical CO2 (sCO2) Brayton cycles in Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) plants offers a pathway to higher thermal efficiencies compared to conventional Rankine cycles. However, achieving high operational temperatures demands advanced Thermal Energy Storage (TES) solutions beyond the limits of traditional molten salt systems. This study evaluates a novel cascade phase change material (PCM) TES system, comparing it to a single PCM storage configuration under identical operating conditions to assess its feasibility for large-scale CSP applications. The results demonstrate that the cascade PCM TES system achieves an 282 % increase in energy storage capacity and enables more stable thermal management. A new two-dimensional model is developed to simulate the thermal behavior of PCM–metal wool composites in both single and cascade configurations under CSP operating conditions. The findings underscore the advantages of cascade PCM TES systems, particularly in maintaining solar salt as a viable heat transfer fluid while supporting next-generation sCO2 power cycles. Additionally, the hybridization potential of this system allows direct integration with surplus renewable electricity, increasing dispatchability and grid flexibility. These advancements position cascade PCM storage as a promising solution for cost-effective, high-efficiency CSP deployment.