Cytomegalovirus IL-10 in Plasma as a Marker of Active Infection in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Transplant Recipients: An Exploratory Study

We investigated whether plasma cytomegalovirus (CMV) IL-10 (cmvIL-10) levels could serve as a biomarker of active CMV replication in allogeneic hematopoietic transplant recipients (allo-HCT) in the presence or absence of letermovir (LMV) prophylaxis. A total of 189 leftover plasma samples that teste...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Sánchez-Simarro, A, Albert, E, Giménez, E, Colomer, E, Pérez, A, Piñana, JL, Solano, C, Navarro, D
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:INCLIVA
Repositorio:r-INCLIVA. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de INCLIVA
OAI Identifier:oai:incliva.fundanetsuite.com:p20703
Acceso en línea:https://incliva.portalinvestigacion.com/publicaciones/20703
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:active CMV infection
allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
CMV DNAemia
cmvIL-10
cytomegalovirus (CMV)
Descripción
Sumario:We investigated whether plasma cytomegalovirus (CMV) IL-10 (cmvIL-10) levels could serve as a biomarker of active CMV replication in allogeneic hematopoietic transplant recipients (allo-HCT) in the presence or absence of letermovir (LMV) prophylaxis. A total of 189 leftover plasma samples that tested positive for CMV DNA (Alinity m CMV assay), representing 33 episodes of CMV DNAemia were run on a laboratory-developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for cmvIL-10 quantification. Eighteen episodes developed during LMV prophylaxis. Overall, 16 episodes of CMV DNAemia were classified as clinically significant (CsCMVi). There was an overall very weak correlation between the two biomarkers (Rho = 0.10; p = 0.16). Overall, the median cmvIL-10 area under the curve (AUC) until CMV DNA levels reached their peak was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in CsCMVi episodes than in non-CsCMVi episodes. cmvIL-10 AUC between Days 14 and 23 after allo-HCT (AUC(1)(4)(-)(2)(3)) values were significantly higher in CsCMVi episodes compared with non-CsCMVi episodes among patients receiving LMV therapy (p = 0.008). An AUC(1)(4)(-)(2)(3) cutoff value of log(10) 3.06 discriminated anticipately between CsCMVi and non-CsCMVi with a sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Plasma cmvIL-10 levels may reflect true CMV replication and thus provide a unique perspective on viral dynamics, serving as an ancillary marker to CMV DNA monitoring.