Evaluating China’s Environmental Management and Risks Avoidance Policies and Regulations on Offshore Methane Hydrate Extraction
Methane hydrates (hereinafter, MH), for many reasons, are widely recognized as a form of sustainable energy due to their environmentally friendly nature. MH, while burning, produce fresh water, which could in turn offer one possible solution to worldwide shortages of water. MH also maintains the cap...
| Autores: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Tipo de recurso: | artículo |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2020 |
| País: | España |
| Institución: | Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
| Repositorio: | Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:recercat.cat:10256/19146 |
| Acceso en línea: | http://hdl.handle.net/10256/19146 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Medi ambient -- Protecció -- Xina Environmental protection -- China Recursos naturals -- Dret i legislació -- Xina Natural resources -- Law and legislation -- China Política ambiental Environmental policy |
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Evaluating China’s Environmental Management and Risks Avoidance Policies and Regulations on Offshore Methane Hydrate ExtractionYan, DongFarah, Paolo DavideGaskova, IvanaGiabardo, Carlo VittorioMedi ambient -- Protecció -- XinaEnvironmental protection -- ChinaRecursos naturals -- Dret i legislació -- XinaNatural resources -- Law and legislation -- ChinaPolítica ambientalEnvironmental policyMethane hydrates (hereinafter, MH), for many reasons, are widely recognized as a form of sustainable energy due to their environmentally friendly nature. MH, while burning, produce fresh water, which could in turn offer one possible solution to worldwide shortages of water. MH also maintains the capacity to change the landscape of the global energy supply. According to recent scientific evaluations, the potential global supply of MH is even higher than the total storage of traditional crude oil and conventional natural gas. However, its offshore extraction process could be linked to both catastrophic and non-catastrophic events that may contribute to global warming and climate change, cause harm to human health and life, endanger the flora and fauna, and threaten the very global environment as a whole. Therefore, from a legal viewpoint, an efficient and effective system of civil liability rules seem crucial to control the risks, and to compensate the victims to which damages may occur. This article takes into consideration China’s legal framework in assessing the risks connected to MH offshore extraction. Such a choice for examination is justified by China’s leading position for implementing the technology necessary for extracting MH. This analysis shows that China’s current legal instruments are still far from fully equipped to prevent the risks associated with the offshore extraction of MH, as well as to offer effective remedies for the victims once any damages have occurred. Therefore, more efficient measures and remedies should be considered (or even imposed) to address the specific risks of offshore methane hydrate extraction. Indeed, in the past few decades, China’s environmental protection laws and regulations have mainly focused on the environmental risks that may occur during the process of extracting conventional resources; however, they do not address methane hydrates specifically. This presents a legal challenge for environmental protection laws. The potentially catastrophic events that may occur as a result of the offshore MH extraction processes in particular present a legal challenge for environmental protection laws in China and across the globe. Thus, this article focuses on how to prevent these risks before they even occur, followed by a careful attempt to address compensation efforts for any damages caused by said catastrophesPart of the research leading to these results has received funding from the Marie Curie IRSES of the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–2013) under REA grant agreement no 269327 Acronym of the Project: EPSEI (2011–2015) entitled “Evaluating Policies for Sustainable Energy Investments: Towards an Integrated Approach on National and International Stage”, within the results coordinated by gLAWcal—Global Law Initiatives for Sustainable Development (United Kingdom)MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute)2020info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionpeer-reviewedapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10256/19146http://hdl.handle.net/10256/19146Sustainability 2020, vol. 12, núm. 13, p. 5331Articles publicats (D-DP)reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunyainstname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)Inglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/su12135331info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/2071-1050Attribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:recercat.cat:10256/191462026-05-29T05:05:01Z |
| dc.title.none.fl_str_mv |
Evaluating China’s Environmental Management and Risks Avoidance Policies and Regulations on Offshore Methane Hydrate Extraction |
| title |
Evaluating China’s Environmental Management and Risks Avoidance Policies and Regulations on Offshore Methane Hydrate Extraction |
| spellingShingle |
Evaluating China’s Environmental Management and Risks Avoidance Policies and Regulations on Offshore Methane Hydrate Extraction Yan, Dong Medi ambient -- Protecció -- Xina Environmental protection -- China Recursos naturals -- Dret i legislació -- Xina Natural resources -- Law and legislation -- China Política ambiental Environmental policy |
| title_short |
Evaluating China’s Environmental Management and Risks Avoidance Policies and Regulations on Offshore Methane Hydrate Extraction |
| title_full |
Evaluating China’s Environmental Management and Risks Avoidance Policies and Regulations on Offshore Methane Hydrate Extraction |
| title_fullStr |
Evaluating China’s Environmental Management and Risks Avoidance Policies and Regulations on Offshore Methane Hydrate Extraction |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluating China’s Environmental Management and Risks Avoidance Policies and Regulations on Offshore Methane Hydrate Extraction |
| title_sort |
Evaluating China’s Environmental Management and Risks Avoidance Policies and Regulations on Offshore Methane Hydrate Extraction |
| dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv |
Yan, Dong Farah, Paolo Davide Gaskova, Ivana Giabardo, Carlo Vittorio |
| author |
Yan, Dong |
| author_facet |
Yan, Dong Farah, Paolo Davide Gaskova, Ivana Giabardo, Carlo Vittorio |
| author_role |
author |
| author2 |
Farah, Paolo Davide Gaskova, Ivana Giabardo, Carlo Vittorio |
| author2_role |
author author author |
| dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv |
Medi ambient -- Protecció -- Xina Environmental protection -- China Recursos naturals -- Dret i legislació -- Xina Natural resources -- Law and legislation -- China Política ambiental Environmental policy |
| topic |
Medi ambient -- Protecció -- Xina Environmental protection -- China Recursos naturals -- Dret i legislació -- Xina Natural resources -- Law and legislation -- China Política ambiental Environmental policy |
| description |
Methane hydrates (hereinafter, MH), for many reasons, are widely recognized as a form of sustainable energy due to their environmentally friendly nature. MH, while burning, produce fresh water, which could in turn offer one possible solution to worldwide shortages of water. MH also maintains the capacity to change the landscape of the global energy supply. According to recent scientific evaluations, the potential global supply of MH is even higher than the total storage of traditional crude oil and conventional natural gas. However, its offshore extraction process could be linked to both catastrophic and non-catastrophic events that may contribute to global warming and climate change, cause harm to human health and life, endanger the flora and fauna, and threaten the very global environment as a whole. Therefore, from a legal viewpoint, an efficient and effective system of civil liability rules seem crucial to control the risks, and to compensate the victims to which damages may occur. This article takes into consideration China’s legal framework in assessing the risks connected to MH offshore extraction. Such a choice for examination is justified by China’s leading position for implementing the technology necessary for extracting MH. This analysis shows that China’s current legal instruments are still far from fully equipped to prevent the risks associated with the offshore extraction of MH, as well as to offer effective remedies for the victims once any damages have occurred. Therefore, more efficient measures and remedies should be considered (or even imposed) to address the specific risks of offshore methane hydrate extraction. Indeed, in the past few decades, China’s environmental protection laws and regulations have mainly focused on the environmental risks that may occur during the process of extracting conventional resources; however, they do not address methane hydrates specifically. This presents a legal challenge for environmental protection laws. The potentially catastrophic events that may occur as a result of the offshore MH extraction processes in particular present a legal challenge for environmental protection laws in China and across the globe. Thus, this article focuses on how to prevent these risks before they even occur, followed by a careful attempt to address compensation efforts for any damages caused by said catastrophes |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| dc.date.none.fl_str_mv |
2020 |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion peer-reviewed |
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article |
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publishedVersion |
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http://hdl.handle.net/10256/19146 http://hdl.handle.net/10256/19146 |
| url |
http://hdl.handle.net/10256/19146 |
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Inglés |
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Inglés |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/su12135331 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/2071-1050 |
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Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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Attribution 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
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openAccess |
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application/pdf |
| dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute) |
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MDPI (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute) |
| dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
Sustainability 2020, vol. 12, núm. 13, p. 5331 Articles publicats (D-DP) reponame:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya instname:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
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Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya) |
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Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya |
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Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya |
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