Expression of the Plasmodium falciparum Clonally Variant clag3 Genes in Human Infections

Background.: Many genes of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum show clonally variant expression regulated at the epigenetic level. These genes participate in fundamental host-parasite interactions and contribute to adaptive processes. However, little is known about their expression patterns d...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Mira Martínez, Sofía, Schuppen, Evi van, Amambua-Ngwa, Alfred, Bottieau, Emmanuel, Affara, Muna, Esbroeck, Marjan van, Vlieghe, Erika, Guetens, Pieter, Rovira Graells, Núria, Gomez-Perez, Gloria P., Alonso, Pedro, D'Alessandro, Umberto, Rosanas Urgell, Anna, Cortés, Alfred
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión aceptada para publicación
Fecha de publicación:2017
País:España
Institución:Varias* (Consorci de Biblioteques Universitáries de Catalunya, Centre de Serveis Científics i Acadèmics de Catalunya)
Repositorio:Recercat. Dipósit de la Recerca de Catalunya
OAI Identifier:oai:recercat.cat:2445/110938
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/110938
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Malària
Plasmodium falciparum
Malaria
Descripción
Sumario:Background.: Many genes of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum show clonally variant expression regulated at the epigenetic level. These genes participate in fundamental host-parasite interactions and contribute to adaptive processes. However, little is known about their expression patterns during human infections. A peculiar case of clonally variant genes are the 2 nearly identical clag3 genes, clag3.1 and clag3.2, which mediate nutrient uptake and are linked to resistance to some toxic compounds. Methods.: We developed a procedure to characterize the expression of clag3 genes in naturally infected patients and in experimentally infected human volunteers. Results.: We provide the first description of clag3 expression during human infections, which revealed mutually exclusive expression and identified the gene predominantly expressed. Adaptation to culture conditions or selection with a toxic compound resulted in isolate-dependent changes in clag3 expression. We also found that clag3 expression patterns were reset during transmission stages. Conclusions.: Different environment conditions select for parasites with different clag3 expression patterns, implying functional differences between the proteins encoded. The epigenetic memory is likely erased before parasites start infection of a new human host. Altogether, our findings support the idea that clonally variant genes facilitate the adaptation of parasite populations to changing conditions through bet-hedging strategies.