Understanding the impact of social stress on serum metabolome and saliva biomarkers in growing–finishing pigs

High levels of social stress are known to negatively impact pig welfare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of social stress in growing–finishing pigs by measuring serum metabolome changes and saliva biomarkers. Seventy-two undocked pigs (thirty-six males and thirty-six females) were h...

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Autores: Bagaria, Marc, Tous, Núria, Torrallardona, David, Cerón, Jose Joaquín, Pérez-Calvo, Estefanía, Ren, Wen, Argamasilla, Rosa, Fàbrega-Romans, Emma
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:España
Institución:Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)
Repositorio:IRTA Pubpro. Open Digital Archive
OAI Identifier:oai:repositori.irta.cat:20.500.12327/3815
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/3815
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15091228
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:636
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spelling Understanding the impact of social stress on serum metabolome and saliva biomarkers in growing–finishing pigsBagaria, MarcTous, NúriaTorrallardona, DavidCerón, Jose JoaquínPérez-Calvo, EstefaníaRen, WenArgamasilla, RosaFàbrega-Romans, Emma636High levels of social stress are known to negatively impact pig welfare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of social stress in growing–finishing pigs by measuring serum metabolome changes and saliva biomarkers. Seventy-two undocked pigs (thirty-six males and thirty-six females) were housed in single-sex pens of four, with the second dominant pig in each pen selected as the focal pig. A social challenge was conducted by mixing the focal pig with three new pigs in its home pen on two consecutive days on trial days 62–64. Saliva and blood samples were collected, and the pigs’ behaviour and body lesions were evaluated pre- and post-challenge. A total of 630 serum metabolites were analysed, 292 of which could be statistically compared using Biocrates WebIDQ v5 software. Salivary haptoglobin concentrations and the number of body lesions significantly increased after the challenge (p < 0.001), whereas the average daily weight gain decreased (p < 0.05). The serum showed decreases in essential amino acids (Thr, Met, and Phe), non-essential amino acids (Glu, Asn, Asp, Pro, and Tyr), betaine, ornithine, indoxyl sulphate, taurine, and some blood di- and triacylglycerols (q < 0.05), and increases in oleic, eicosanoic, eicosadienoic, and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acids; EPA; and DHA post-challenge (q < 0.05). Overall, the results suggest the potential of metabolomics as a tool providing a more holistic view of the impact of social stress.Funding for this study was provided by DSM-Firmenich, Kaiseraugst, Switzerland.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionMDPIProducció AnimalBenestar AnimalNutrició Animal202520252025info:eu-repo/semantics/article22application/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/3815https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15091228reponame:IRTA Pubpro. Open Digital Archiveinstname:Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)InglésAnimalsAttribution 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:repositori.irta.cat:20.500.12327/38152026-06-16T08:51:17Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Understanding the impact of social stress on serum metabolome and saliva biomarkers in growing–finishing pigs
title Understanding the impact of social stress on serum metabolome and saliva biomarkers in growing–finishing pigs
spellingShingle Understanding the impact of social stress on serum metabolome and saliva biomarkers in growing–finishing pigs
Bagaria, Marc
636
title_short Understanding the impact of social stress on serum metabolome and saliva biomarkers in growing–finishing pigs
title_full Understanding the impact of social stress on serum metabolome and saliva biomarkers in growing–finishing pigs
title_fullStr Understanding the impact of social stress on serum metabolome and saliva biomarkers in growing–finishing pigs
title_full_unstemmed Understanding the impact of social stress on serum metabolome and saliva biomarkers in growing–finishing pigs
title_sort Understanding the impact of social stress on serum metabolome and saliva biomarkers in growing–finishing pigs
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Bagaria, Marc
Tous, Núria
Torrallardona, David
Cerón, Jose Joaquín
Pérez-Calvo, Estefanía
Ren, Wen
Argamasilla, Rosa
Fàbrega-Romans, Emma
author Bagaria, Marc
author_facet Bagaria, Marc
Tous, Núria
Torrallardona, David
Cerón, Jose Joaquín
Pérez-Calvo, Estefanía
Ren, Wen
Argamasilla, Rosa
Fàbrega-Romans, Emma
author_role author
author2 Tous, Núria
Torrallardona, David
Cerón, Jose Joaquín
Pérez-Calvo, Estefanía
Ren, Wen
Argamasilla, Rosa
Fàbrega-Romans, Emma
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Producció Animal
Benestar Animal
Nutrició Animal
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv 636
topic 636
description High levels of social stress are known to negatively impact pig welfare. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of social stress in growing–finishing pigs by measuring serum metabolome changes and saliva biomarkers. Seventy-two undocked pigs (thirty-six males and thirty-six females) were housed in single-sex pens of four, with the second dominant pig in each pen selected as the focal pig. A social challenge was conducted by mixing the focal pig with three new pigs in its home pen on two consecutive days on trial days 62–64. Saliva and blood samples were collected, and the pigs’ behaviour and body lesions were evaluated pre- and post-challenge. A total of 630 serum metabolites were analysed, 292 of which could be statistically compared using Biocrates WebIDQ v5 software. Salivary haptoglobin concentrations and the number of body lesions significantly increased after the challenge (p < 0.001), whereas the average daily weight gain decreased (p < 0.05). The serum showed decreases in essential amino acids (Thr, Met, and Phe), non-essential amino acids (Glu, Asn, Asp, Pro, and Tyr), betaine, ornithine, indoxyl sulphate, taurine, and some blood di- and triacylglycerols (q < 0.05), and increases in oleic, eicosanoic, eicosadienoic, and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acids; EPA; and DHA post-challenge (q < 0.05). Overall, the results suggest the potential of metabolomics as a tool providing a more holistic view of the impact of social stress.
publishDate 2025
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2025
2025
2025
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/3815
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15091228
url http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12327/3815
https://doi.org/10.3390/ani15091228
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Animals
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv 22
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
publisher.none.fl_str_mv MDPI
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:IRTA Pubpro. Open Digital Archive
instname:Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)
instname_str Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA)
reponame_str IRTA Pubpro. Open Digital Archive
collection IRTA Pubpro. Open Digital Archive
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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