Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Hay, Simon I.; Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu; Abate, Kalkidan Hassen; Abbafati, Cristiana; Abbas, Kaja M.; Abd-Allah, Foad; Abdulle, Abdishakur M.; Abebo, Teshome Abuka; Abera, Semaw Ferede; Aboyans, Victor; Abu-Raddad, Laith J.; Ackerman, Ilana N.; Adedeji, Isaac A.; Adetokunboh, Olatunji; Afshin, Ashkan; Aggarwal, Rakesh; Agrawal, Sutapa; Agrawal, Anurag; Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Aichour, Amani Nidhal; Aichour, Ibtihel; Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine; Aiyar, Sneha; Akinyemiju, Tomi F.; Akseer, Nadia; Al Lami, Faris Hasan; Alahdab, Fares; Al-Aly, Ziyad; Alam, Khurshid; Alam, Noore; Alam, Tahiya; Alasfoor, Deena; Alene, Kefyalew Addis; Ali, Raghib; Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza; Alkaabi, Juma M.; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Alla, Francois; Allebeck, Peter; Allen, Christine; Al-Maskari, Fatma; AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; Alsharif, Ubai; Alsowaidi, Shirina; Althouse, Benjamin M.; Altirkawi, Khalid A.; Alvis-Guzman, Nelson; Amare, Azmeraw T.; Amini, Erfan; Ammar, Walid; Ampem, Yaw Amoako; Ansha, Mustafa Geleto; Antonio, Carl Abelardo T.; Anwari, Palwasha; Arnlov, Johan; Arora, Megha; Al Artaman; Aryal, Krishna Kumar; Asgedom, Solomon W.; Atey, Tesfay Mehari; Atnafu, Niguse Tadele; Avila-Burgos, Leticia; Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur; Awasthi, Ashish; Awasthi, Shally; Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala; Azarpazhooh, Mahmoud Reza; Azzopardi, Peter; Babalola, Tesleem Kayode; Bacha, Umar; Badawi, Alaa; Balakrishnan, Kalpana; Bannick, Marlena S.; Barac, Aleksandra; Barker-Collo, Suzanne L.; Barnighausen, Till; Barquera, Simon; Barrero, Lope H.; Basu, Sanjay; Battista, Robert; Battle, Katherine E.; Baune, Bernhard T.; Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad; Beardsley, Justin; Bedi, Neeraj; Bejot, Yannick; Bekele, Bayu Begashaw; Bell, Michelle L.; Bennett, Derrick A.; Bennett, James R.; Bensenor, Isabela M.; Benson, Jennifer; Berhane, Adugnaw; Berhe, Derbew Fikadu; Bernabe, Eduardo; Betsu, Balem Demtsu; Beuran, Mircea; Beyene, Addisu Shunu; Bhansali, Anil; Bhatt, Samir; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A.; Biadgilign, Sibhatu; Bienhoff, Kelly; Bikbov, Boris; Birungi, Charles; Biryukov, Stan; Bisanzio, Donal; Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie; Blyth, Fiona M.; Boneya, Dube Jara; Bose, Dipan; Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R.; Bourne, Rupert R. A.; Brainin, Michael; Brayne, Carol E. G.; Brazinova, Alexandra; Breitborde, Nicholas J. K.; Briant, Paul S.; Britton, Gabrielle; Brugha, Traolach S.; Buchbinder, Rachelle; Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto; Bumgarner, Blair; Butt, Zahid A.; Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero; Cameron, Ewan; Ricardo Campos-Nonato, Ismael; Carabin, Helene; Cardenas, Rosario; Carpenter, David O.; Carrero, Juan Jesus; Carter, Austin; Carvalho, Felix; Casey, Daniel; Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.; Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo; Castle, Chris D.; Catala-Lopez, Ferran; Chang, Jung-Chen; Charlson, Fiona J.; Chaturvedi, Pankaj; Chen, Honglei; Chibalabala, Mirriam; Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne; Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe; Chitheer, Abdulaal A.; Chowdhury, Rajiv; Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas; Ciobanu, Liliana G.; Cirillo, Massimo; Colombara, Danny; Cooper, Leslie Trumbull; Cooper, Cyrus; Cortesi, Paolo Angelo; Cortinovis, Monica; Criqui, Michael H.; Cromwell, Elizabeth A.; Cross, Marita; Crump, John A.; Dadi, Abel Fekadu; Dalal, Koustuv; Damasceno, Albertino; Dandona, Lalit; Dandona, Rakhi; das Neves, Jose; Davitoiu, Dragos V.; Davletov, Kairat; de Courten, Barbora; de Leo, Diego; De Steur, Hans; Degenhardt, Louisa; Deiparine, Selina; Dellavalle, Robert P.; Deribe, Kebede; Deribew, Amare; Des Jarlais, Don C.; Dey, Subhojit; Dharmaratne, Samath D.; Dhillon, Preet K.; Dicker, Daniel; Djalalinia, Shirin; Huyen Phuc Do; Dokova, Klara; Doku, David Teye; Dorsey, E. Ray; Bender dos Santos, Kadine Priscila; Driscoll, Tim R.; Dubey, Manisha; Duncan, Bruce Bartholow; Ebel, Beth E.; Echko, Michelle; El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad; Enayati, Ahmadali; Endries, Aman Yesuf; Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich; Erskine, Holly E.; Eshetie, Setegn; Eshrati, Babak; Esteghamati, Alireza; Estep, Kara; Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele; Farag, Tamer; Sofia, Carla; Farinha, Sa; Faro, Andre; Farzadfar, Farshad; Fazeli, Mir Sohail; Feigin, Valery L.; Feigl, Andrea B.; Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad; Fernandes, Joao C.; Ferrari, Alize J.; Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa; Filip, Irina; Fischer, Florian; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Flaxman, Abraham D.; Foigt, Nataliya; Foreman, Kyle J.; Franklin, Richard C.; Frostad, Joseph J.; Fullman, Nancy; Furst, Thomas; Furtado, Joao M.; Futran, Neal D.; Gakidou, Emmanuela; Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L.; Gebre, Teshome; Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe; Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; Geleto, Ayele; Gemechu, Bikila Lencha; Gesesew, Hailay Abrha; Gething, Peter W.; Ghajar, Alireza; Gibney, Katherine B.; Gillum, Richard F.; Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed; Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo; Giussani, Giorgia; Godwin, William W.; Goel, Kashish; Goenka, Shifalika; Goldberg, Ellen M.; Gona, Philimon N.; Goodridge, Amador; Gopalani, Sameer Vali; Gosselin, Richard A.; Gotay, Carolyn C.; Goto, Atsushi; Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho; Graetz, Nicholas; Gugnani, Harish Chander; Gupta, Rajeev; Gupta, Prakash C.; Gupta, Tanush; Gupta, Vipin; Gupta, Rahul; Gutierrez, Reyna A.; Hachinski, Vladimir; Hafezi-Nejad, Nima; Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne; Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa; Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi; Hamidi, Samer; Hammami, Mouhanad; Handal, Alexis J.; Hankey, Graeme J.; Hao, Yuantao; Harb, Hilda L.; Hareri, Habtamu Abera; Haro, Josep Maria; Harun, Kimani M.; Harvey, James; Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh; Havmoeller, Rasmus; Hay, Roderick J.; Hedayati, Mohammad T.; Hendrie, Delia; Henry, Nathaniel J.; Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz; Heydarpour, Pouria; Hoek, Hans W.; Hoffman, Howard J.; Horino, Masako; Horita, Nobuyuki; Hosgood, H. Dean; Hostiuc, Sorin; Hotez, Peter J.; Hoy, Damian G.; Htet, Aung Soe; Hu, Guoqing; Huang, John J.; Huynh, Chantal; Iburg, Kim Moesgaard; Igumbor, Ehimario Uche; Ikeda, Chad; Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter; Jacobsen, Kathryn H.; Jahanmehr, Nader; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B.; James, Peter; Jassal, Simerjot K.; Javanbakht, Mehdi; Jayaraman, Sudha P.; Jeemon, Panniyammakal; Jensen, Paul N.; Jha, Vivekanand; Jiang, Guohong; John, Denny; Johnson, Catherine O.; Johnson, Sarah Charlotte; Jonas, Jost B.; Jurisson, Mikk; Kabir, Zubair; Kadel, Rajendra; Kahsay, Amaha; Kamal, Ritul; Kar, Chittaranjan; Karam, Nadim E.; Karch, Andre; Karema, Corine Kakizi; Karimi, Seyed M.; Karimkhani, Chante; Kasaeian, Amir; Kassa, Getachew Mullu; Kassebaum, Nicholas J.; Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa; Kastor, Anshul; Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal; Kaul, Anil; Kawakami, Norito; Keiyoro, Peter Njenga; Kemmer, Laura; Kengne, Andre Pascal; Keren, Andre; Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khalil, Ibrahim A.; Khan, Ejaz Ahmad; Khang, Young-Ho; Khoja, Abdullah T.; Khosravi, Ardeshir; Khubchandani, Jagdish; Kieling, Christian; Kim, Yun Jin; Kim, Daniel; Kimokoti, Ruth W.; Kinfu, Yohannes; Kisa, Adnan; Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A.; Kissoon, Niranjan; Kivimaki, Mika; Knudsen, Ann Kristin; Kokubo, Yoshihiro; Kolte, Dhaval; Kopec, Jacek A.; Kosen, Soewarta; Kotsakis, Georgios A.; Koul, Parvaiz A.; Koyanagi, Ai; Kravchenko, Michael; Krohn, Kristopher J.; Defo, Barthelemy Kuate; Bicer, Burcu Kucuk; Kumar, G. Anil; Kumar, Pushpendra; Kyu, Hmwe H.; Lager, Anton Carl Jonas; Lal, Dharmesh Kumar; Lalloo, Ratilal; Lallukka, Tea; Lambert, Nkurunziza; Lan, Qing; Lansingh, Van C.; Larsson, Anders; Leasher, Janet L.; Lee, Paul H.; Leigh, James; Leshargie, Cheru Tesema; Leung, Janni; Leung, Ricky; Levi, Miriam; Li, Yichong; Li, Yongmei; Liang, Xiaofeng; Liben, Misgan Legesse; Lim, Stephen S.; Linn, Shai; Liu, Angela; Liu, Patrick Y.; Liu, Shiwei; Liu, Yang; Lodha, Rakesh; Logroscino, Giancarlo; Looker, Katharine J.; Lopez, Alan D.; Lorkowski, Stefan; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lozano, Rafael; Lucas, Timothy C. D.; Lunevicius, Raimundas; Lyons, Ronan A.; Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King; Maddison, Emilie R.; Abd el Razek, Hassan Magdy; Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos; Mahdavi, Mahdi; Majdan, Marek; Majdzadeh, Reza; Majeed, Azeem; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malhotra, Rajesh; Malta, Deborah Carvalho; Mamun, Abdullah A.; Manguerra, Helena; Manhertz, Treh; Mantovani, Lorenzo G.; Mapoma, Chabila C.; March, Lyn M.; Marczak, Laurie B.; Martinez-Raga, Jose; Henrique, Paulo; Martins, Viegas; Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlndio; Martopullo, Ira; Marz, Winfried; Mathur, Manu Raj; Mazidi, Mohsen; McAlinden, Colm; McGaughey, Madeline; McGrath, John J.; Mckee, Martin; Mehata, Suresh; Meier, Toni; Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam; Memiah, Peter; Memish, Ziad A.; Mendoza, Walter; Mengesha, Melkamu Merid; Mengistie, Mubarek Abera; Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese; Mensah, George A.; Meretoja, Atte; Meretoja, Tuomo J.; Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane; Micha, Renata; Millear, Anoushka; Miller, Ted R.; Minnig, Shawn; Mirarefin, Mojde; Mirrakhimov, Erkin M.; Misganaw, Awoke; Mishra, Shiva Raj; Mitchell, Philip B.; Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin; Mohammadi, Alireza; Mohammed, Shafiu; Mohammed, Kedir Endris; Mohammed, Muktar Sano Kedir; Mohan, Murali B. V.; Mokdad, Ali H.; Mollenkopf, Sarah K.; Monasta, Lorenzo; Montanez Hernandez, Julio Cesar; Montico, Marcella; Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar; Moraga, Paula; Morawska, Lidia; Mori, Rintaro; Morrison, Shane D.; Moses, Mark; Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff; Mruts, Kalayu Birhane; Mueller, Ulrich O.; Muller, Kate; Mudoch, Michele E.; Murthy, Srinivas; Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Nachega, Jean B.; Nagel, Gabriele; Naghavi, Mohsen; Naheed, Aliya; Naidoo, Kovin S.; Nangia, Vinay; Nasher, Jamal T.; Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan; Negasa, Dumessa Edessa; Negoi, Ionut; Negoi, Ruxandra Irina; Newton, Charles R.; Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku; Cuong Tat Nguyen; Quyen Le Nguyen; Grant Nguyen; Trang Huyen Nguyen; Minh Nguyen; Nichols, Emma; Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini; Vuong Minh Nong; Norheim, Ole F.; Norrving, Bo; Noubiap, Jean Jacques N.; Nyandwi, Alypio; Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf; O'Donnell, Martin J.; Ogbo, Felix Akpojene; Oh, In-Hwan; Okoro, Anselm; Oladimeji, Olanrewaju; Olagunju, Andrew Toyin; Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi; Olsen, Helen E.; Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola; Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun; Ong, Kanyin; Opio, John Nelson; Oren, Eyal; Ortiz, Alberto; Osborne, Richard H.; Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron; Osman, Majdi; Ota, Erika; Owolabi, Mayowa O.; Pa, Mahesh; Pacella, Rosana E.; Panda, Basant Kumar; Pandian, Jeyaraj D.; Papachristou, Christina; Park, Eun-Kee; Parry, Charles D.; Parsaeian, Mahboubeh; Patil, Snehal T.; Patten, Scott B.; Patton, George C.; Paudel, Deepak; Paulson, Katherine; Pearce, Neil; Pereira, David M.; Perez, Krystle Marie; Perico, Norberto; Pesudovs, Konrad; Peterson, Carrie Beth; Petri, William Arthur; Petzold, Max; Phillips, Michael Robert; Phipps, Geoffrey; Pigott, David M.; Pillay, Julian David; Pinho, Christine; Piradov, Michael A.; Plass, Dietrich; Pletcher, Martin A.; Popova, Svetlana; Poulton, Richie G.; Pourmalek, Farshad; Prabhakaran, Dorairaj; Prasad, Narayan; Purcell, Carrie; Purwar, Manorama; Qorbani, Mostafa; Rabiee, Rynaz H. S.; Radfar, Amir; Rafay, Anwar; Rahimi, Kazem; Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin; Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Rahman, Muhammad Aziz; Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur; Rai, Rajesh Kumar; Rajsic, Sasa; Ram, Usha; Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal; Rangaswamy, Thara; Rankin, Zane; Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya; Rao, Puja C.; Rawaf, Salman; Ray, Sarah E.; Reiner, Robert C.; Reinig, Nikolas; Reitsma, Marissa; Remuzzi, Giuseppe; Renzaho, Andre M. N.; Resnikoff, Serge; Rezaei, Satar; Ribeiro, Antonio L.; Roba, Hirbo Shore; Robinson, Stephen R.; Rojas-Rueda, David; Rokni, Mohammad Bagher; Ronfani, Luca; Roshandel, Gholamreza; Roth, Gregory A.; Rothenbacher, Dietrich; Roy, Ambuj; Rubagotti, Enrico; Ruhago, George Mugambage; Saadat, Soheil; Safdarian, Mahdi; Safiri, Saeid; Sagar, Rajesh; Sahathevan, Ramesh; Sahraian, Mohammad Ali; Salama, Joseph; Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad; Salomon, Joshua A.; Salvi, Sundeep Santosh; Samy, Abdallah M.; Sanabria, Juan Ramon; Dolores Sanchez-Nino, Maria; Santomauro, Damian; Santos, Joao Vasco; Santos, Itamar S.; Milicevic, Milena M. Santric; Sartorius, Benn; Satpathy, Maheswar; Sawhney, Monika; Saxena, Sonia; Schelonka, Kathryn; Schmidt, Maria Ines; Schneider, Ione J. C.; Ben Schottker; Schutte, Aletta E.; Schwebel, David C.; Schwendicke, Falk; Seedat, Soraya; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Servan-Mori, Edson E.; Shaheen, Amira; Shaikh, Masood Ali; Shamsipour, Mansour; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Sharma, Rajesh; Sharma, Jayendra; She, Jun; Shi, Peilin; Shibuya, Kenji; Shields, Chloe; Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay; Shigematsu, Mika; Shiri, Rahman; Shirkoohi, Reza; Shirude, Shreya; Shishani, Kawkab; Shoman, Haitham; Siabani, Soraya; Sibai, Abla Mehio; Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora; Silberberg, Donald H.; Silva, Joao Pedro; Santos Silva, Diego Augusto; Alves Silveira, Dayane Gabriele; Singh, Jasvinder A.; Singh, Virendra; Singh, Om Prakash; Singh, Narinder Pal; Sinha, Dhirendra Narain; Skiadaresi, Eirini; Skirbekk, Vegard; Slepak, Erica Leigh; Smith, David L.; Smith, Mari; Sobaih, Badr H. A.; Sobngwi, Eugene; Soljak, Michael; Sorensen, Reed J. D.; Moraes Sousa, Tatiane Cristina; Sposato, Luciano A.; Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale; Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi; Sunguya, Bruno F.; Sur, Patrick J.; Swaminathan, Soumya; Sykes, Bryan L.; Sylte, Dillon; Szoeke, Cassandra E. I.; Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael; Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar; Taffere, Getachew Redae; Takala, Jukka S.; Tandon, Nikhil; Tanne, David; Tarekegn, Yihunie L.; Tavakkoli, Mohammad; Taveira, Nuno; Taylor, Hugh R.; Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw; Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash; Tekelab, Tesfalidet; Shifa, Girma Temam; Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman; Tesfaye, Dawit Jember; Tesssema, Belay; Thakur, J. S.; Thamsuwan, Ornwipa; Theadom, Alice M.; Theis, Andrew M.; Thomas, Katie E.; Thomas, Nihal; Thompson, Robert; Thrift, Amanda G.; Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan; Tobollik, Myriam; Tonelli, Marcello; Topor-Madry, Roman; Tortajada, Miguel; Touvier, Mathilde; Traebert, Jefferson; Tran, Bach Xuan; Troeger, Christopher; Truelsen, Thomas; Tsoi, Derrick; Tuzcu, Emin Murat; Tymeson, Hayley; Tyrovolas, Stefanos; Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna; Undurraga, Eduardo A.; Uneke, Chigozie Jesse; Updike, Rachel; Uthman, Olalekan A.; Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. Chudi; van Boven, Job F. M.; Varughese, Santosh; Vasankari, Tommi; Veerman, Lennert J.; Venkatesh, S.; Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy; Vidavalur, Ramesh; Vijayakumar, Lakshmi; Violante, Francesco S.; Vishnu, Abhishek; Vladimirov, Sergey K.; Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich; Vollset, Stein Emil; Vos, Theo; Wadilo, Fiseha; Wakayo, Tolassa; Wallin, Mitchell T.; Wang, Yuan-Pang; Weichenthal, Scott; Weiderpass, Elisabete; Weintraub, Robert G.; Weiss, Daniel J.; Werdecker, Andrea; Westerman, Ronny; Whiteford, Harvey A.; Wijeratne, Tissa; Williams, Hywel C.; Wiysonge, Charles Shey; Woldeyes, Belete Getahun; Wolfe, Charles D. A.; Woodbrook, Rachel; Woolf, Anthony D.; Workicho, Abdulhalik; Xavier, Denis; Xu, Gelin; Yadgir, Simon; Yaghoubi, Mohsen; Yakob, Bereket; Yan, Lijing L.; Yano, Yuichiro; Ye, Pengpeng; Yihdego, Mahari Gidey; Yimam, Hassen Hamid; Yip, Paul; Yonemoto, Naohiro; Yoon, Seok-Jun; Yotebieng, Marcel; Younis, Mustafa Z.; Yu, Chuanhua; Zaidi, Zoubida; Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed; Zegeye, Elias Asfaw; Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew; Zhang, Xueying; Zheng, Yingfeng; Zhou, Maigeng; Zipkin, Ben; Zodpey, Sanjay; Zoeckler, Leo; Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna; Murray, Christopher J. L.

Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Background Measurement of changes in health across locations is useful to compare and contrast changing epidemiological patterns against health system performance and identify specific needs for resource allocation in research, policy development, and programme decision making. Using the Global Burd...

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Autores:	Hay, Simon I., Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M., Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulle, Abdishakur M., Abebo, Teshome Abuka, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Ackerman, Ilana N., Adedeji, Isaac A., Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afshin, Ashkan, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Agrawal, Sutapa, Agrawal, Anurag, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aiyar, Sneha, Akinyemiju, Tomi F., Akseer, Nadia, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alasfoor, Deena, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Raghib, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkaabi, Juma M., Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, Francois, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Maskari, Fatma, AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Alsowaidi, Shirina, Althouse, Benjamin M., Altirkawi, Khalid A., Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T., Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Ampem, Yaw Amoako, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Anwari, Palwasha, Arnlov, Johan, Arora, Megha, Al Artaman, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asgedom, Solomon W., Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atnafu, Niguse Tadele, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Awasthi, Shally, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Azarpazhooh, Mahmoud Reza, Azzopardi, Peter, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Bannick, Marlena S., Barac, Aleksandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Barnighausen, Till, Barquera, Simon, Barrero, Lope H., Basu, Sanjay, Battista, Robert, Battle, Katherine E., Baune, Bernhard T., Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Bejot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Bell, Michelle L., Bennett, Derrick A., Bennett, James R., Bensenor, Isabela M., Benson, Jennifer, Berhane, Adugnaw, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Bernabe, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beuran, Mircea, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhansali, Anil, Bhatt, Samir, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bienhoff, Kelly, Bikbov, Boris, Birungi, Charles, Biryukov, Stan, Bisanzio, Donal, Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Blyth, Fiona M., Boneya, Dube Jara, Bose, Dipan, Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R., Bourne, Rupert R. A., Brainin, Michael, Brayne, Carol E. G., Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J. K., Briant, Paul S., Britton, Gabrielle, Brugha, Traolach S., Buchbinder, Rachelle, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Bumgarner, Blair, Butt, Zahid A., Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cameron, Ewan, Ricardo Campos-Nonato, Ismael, Carabin, Helene, Cardenas, Rosario, Carpenter, David O., Carrero, Juan Jesus, Carter, Austin, Carvalho, Felix, Casey, Daniel, Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo, Castle, Chris D., Catala-Lopez, Ferran, Chang, Jung-Chen, Charlson, Fiona J., Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Chen, Honglei, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A., Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G., Cirillo, Massimo, Colombara, Danny, Cooper, Leslie Trumbull, Cooper, Cyrus, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Cortinovis, Monica, Criqui, Michael H., Cromwell, Elizabeth A., Cross, Marita, Crump, John A., Dadi, Abel Fekadu, Dalal, Koustuv, Damasceno, Albertino, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, das Neves, Jose, Davitoiu, Dragos V., Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, de Leo, Diego, De Steur, Hans, Degenhardt, Louisa, Deiparine, Selina, Dellavalle, Robert P., Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Des Jarlais, Don C., Dey, Subhojit, Dharmaratne, Samath D., Dhillon, Preet K., Dicker, Daniel, Djalalinia, Shirin, Huyen Phuc Do, Dokova, Klara, Doku, David Teye, Dorsey, E. 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Tipo de recurso:	artículo
Estado:	Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:	2017
País:	España
Institución:	Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
Repositorio:	r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
OAI Identifier:	oai:fsjd.fundanetsuite.com:p23917
Acceso en línea:	https://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=23917
Access Level:	acceso abierto
Palabra clave:	PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM AFRICA HIV EPIDEMIOLOGY ASSOCIATION PREVALENCE TRANSITION MORTALITY THERAPY WEIGHTS

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oai_identifier_str	oai:fsjd.fundanetsuite.com:p23917
network_acronym_str	ES
network_name_str	España
repository_id_str
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv	Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
title	Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
spellingShingle	Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 Hay, Simon I. PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM AFRICA HIV EPIDEMIOLOGY ASSOCIATION PREVALENCE TRANSITION MORTALITY THERAPY WEIGHTS
title_short	Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
title_full	Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
title_fullStr	Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
title_full_unstemmed	Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
title_sort	Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv	Hay, Simon I. Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu Abate, Kalkidan Hassen Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Kaja M. Abd-Allah, Foad Abdulle, Abdishakur M. Abebo, Teshome Abuka Abera, Semaw Ferede Aboyans, Victor Abu-Raddad, Laith J. Ackerman, Ilana N. Adedeji, Isaac A. Adetokunboh, Olatunji Afshin, Ashkan Aggarwal, Rakesh Agrawal, Sutapa Agrawal, Anurag Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Aichour, Amani Nidhal Aichour, Ibtihel Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine Aiyar, Sneha Akinyemiju, Tomi F. Akseer, Nadia Al Lami, Faris Hasan Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Khurshid Alam, Noore Alam, Tahiya Alasfoor, Deena Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Raghib Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza Alkaabi, Juma M. Alkerwi, Ala'a Alla, Francois Allebeck, Peter Allen, Christine Al-Maskari, Fatma AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz Al-Raddadi, Rajaa Alsharif, Ubai Alsowaidi, Shirina Althouse, Benjamin M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Azmeraw T. Amini, Erfan Ammar, Walid Ampem, Yaw Amoako Ansha, Mustafa Geleto Antonio, Carl Abelardo T. Anwari, Palwasha Arnlov, Johan Arora, Megha Al Artaman Aryal, Krishna Kumar Asgedom, Solomon W. Atey, Tesfay Mehari Atnafu, Niguse Tadele Avila-Burgos, Leticia Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur Awasthi, Ashish Awasthi, Shally Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Azarpazhooh, Mahmoud Reza Azzopardi, Peter Babalola, Tesleem Kayode Bacha, Umar Badawi, Alaa Balakrishnan, Kalpana Bannick, Marlena S. Barac, Aleksandra Barker-Collo, Suzanne L. Barnighausen, Till Barquera, Simon Barrero, Lope H. Basu, Sanjay Battista, Robert Battle, Katherine E. Baune, Bernhard T. Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Beardsley, Justin Bedi, Neeraj Bejot, Yannick Bekele, Bayu Begashaw Bell, Michelle L. Bennett, Derrick A. Bennett, James R. Bensenor, Isabela M. Benson, Jennifer Berhane, Adugnaw Berhe, Derbew Fikadu Bernabe, Eduardo Betsu, Balem Demtsu Beuran, Mircea Beyene, Addisu Shunu Bhansali, Anil Bhatt, Samir Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Biadgilign, Sibhatu Bienhoff, Kelly Bikbov, Boris Birungi, Charles Biryukov, Stan Bisanzio, Donal Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie Blyth, Fiona M. Boneya, Dube Jara Bose, Dipan Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R. Bourne, Rupert R. A. Brainin, Michael Brayne, Carol E. G. Brazinova, Alexandra Breitborde, Nicholas J. K. Briant, Paul S. Britton, Gabrielle Brugha, Traolach S. Buchbinder, Rachelle Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto Bumgarner, Blair Butt, Zahid A. Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero Cameron, Ewan Ricardo Campos-Nonato, Ismael Carabin, Helene Cardenas, Rosario Carpenter, David O. Carrero, Juan Jesus Carter, Austin Carvalho, Felix Casey, Daniel Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A. Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo Castle, Chris D. Catala-Lopez, Ferran Chang, Jung-Chen Charlson, Fiona J. Chaturvedi, Pankaj Chen, Honglei Chibalabala, Mirriam Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe Chitheer, Abdulaal A. Chowdhury, Rajiv Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas Ciobanu, Liliana G. Cirillo, Massimo Colombara, Danny Cooper, Leslie Trumbull Cooper, Cyrus Cortesi, Paolo Angelo Cortinovis, Monica Criqui, Michael H. Cromwell, Elizabeth A. Cross, Marita Crump, John A. Dadi, Abel Fekadu Dalal, Koustuv Damasceno, Albertino Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, Jose Davitoiu, Dragos V. Davletov, Kairat de Courten, Barbora de Leo, Diego De Steur, Hans Degenhardt, Louisa Deiparine, Selina Dellavalle, Robert P. Deribe, Kebede Deribew, Amare Des Jarlais, Don C. Dey, Subhojit Dharmaratne, Samath D. Dhillon, Preet K. Dicker, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Huyen Phuc Do Dokova, Klara Doku, David Teye Dorsey, E. Ray Bender dos Santos, Kadine Priscila Driscoll, Tim R. Dubey, Manisha Duncan, Bruce Bartholow Ebel, Beth E. Echko, Michelle El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad Enayati, Ahmadali Endries, Aman Yesuf Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich Erskine, Holly E. Eshetie, Setegn Eshrati, Babak Esteghamati, Alireza Estep, Kara Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele Farag, Tamer Sofia, Carla Farinha, Sa Faro, Andre Farzadfar, Farshad Fazeli, Mir Sohail Feigin, Valery L. Feigl, Andrea B. Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad Fernandes, Joao C. Ferrari, Alize J. Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Fitzmaurice, Christina Flaxman, Abraham D. Foigt, Nataliya Foreman, Kyle J. Franklin, Richard C. Frostad, Joseph J. Fullman, Nancy Furst, Thomas Furtado, Joao M. Futran, Neal D. Gakidou, Emmanuela Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L. Gebre, Teshome Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde Geleijnse, Johanna M. Geleto, Ayele Gemechu, Bikila Lencha Gesesew, Hailay Abrha Gething, Peter W. Ghajar, Alireza Gibney, Katherine B. Gillum, Richard F. Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo Giussani, Giorgia Godwin, William W. Goel, Kashish Goenka, Shifalika Goldberg, Ellen M. Gona, Philimon N. Goodridge, Amador Gopalani, Sameer Vali Gosselin, Richard A. Gotay, Carolyn C. Goto, Atsushi Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho Graetz, Nicholas Gugnani, Harish Chander Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Prakash C. Gupta, Tanush Gupta, Vipin Gupta, Rahul Gutierrez, Reyna A. Hachinski, Vladimir Hafezi-Nejad, Nima Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi Hamidi, Samer Hammami, Mouhanad Handal, Alexis J. Hankey, Graeme J. Hao, Yuantao Harb, Hilda L. Hareri, Habtamu Abera Haro, Josep Maria Harun, Kimani M. Harvey, James Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh Havmoeller, Rasmus Hay, Roderick J. Hedayati, Mohammad T. Hendrie, Delia Henry, Nathaniel J. Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz Heydarpour, Pouria Hoek, Hans W. Hoffman, Howard J. Horino, Masako Horita, Nobuyuki Hosgood, H. Dean Hostiuc, Sorin Hotez, Peter J. Hoy, Damian G. Htet, Aung Soe Hu, Guoqing Huang, John J. Huynh, Chantal Iburg, Kim Moesgaard Igumbor, Ehimario Uche Ikeda, Chad Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter Jacobsen, Kathryn H. Jahanmehr, Nader Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B. James, Peter Jassal, Simerjot K. Javanbakht, Mehdi Jayaraman, Sudha P. Jeemon, Panniyammakal Jensen, Paul N. Jha, Vivekanand Jiang, Guohong John, Denny Johnson, Catherine O. Johnson, Sarah Charlotte Jonas, Jost B. Jurisson, Mikk Kabir, Zubair Kadel, Rajendra Kahsay, Amaha Kamal, Ritul Kar, Chittaranjan Karam, Nadim E. Karch, Andre Karema, Corine Kakizi Karimi, Seyed M. Karimkhani, Chante Kasaeian, Amir Kassa, Getachew Mullu Kassebaum, Nicholas J. Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa Kastor, Anshul Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal Kaul, Anil Kawakami, Norito Keiyoro, Peter Njenga Kemmer, Laura Kengne, Andre Pascal Keren, Andre Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair Khader, Yousef Saleh Khalil, Ibrahim A. Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khang, Young-Ho Khoja, Abdullah T. Khosravi, Ardeshir Khubchandani, Jagdish Kieling, Christian Kim, Yun Jin Kim, Daniel Kimokoti, Ruth W. Kinfu, Yohannes Kisa, Adnan Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A. Kissoon, Niranjan Kivimaki, Mika Knudsen, Ann Kristin Kokubo, Yoshihiro Kolte, Dhaval Kopec, Jacek A. Kosen, Soewarta Kotsakis, Georgios A. Koul, Parvaiz A. Koyanagi, Ai Kravchenko, Michael Krohn, Kristopher J. Defo, Barthelemy Kuate Bicer, Burcu Kucuk Kumar, G. Anil Kumar, Pushpendra Kyu, Hmwe H. Lager, Anton Carl Jonas Lal, Dharmesh Kumar Lalloo, Ratilal Lallukka, Tea Lambert, Nkurunziza Lan, Qing Lansingh, Van C. Larsson, Anders Leasher, Janet L. Lee, Paul H. Leigh, James Leshargie, Cheru Tesema Leung, Janni Leung, Ricky Levi, Miriam Li, Yichong Li, Yongmei Liang, Xiaofeng Liben, Misgan Legesse Lim, Stephen S. Linn, Shai Liu, Angela Liu, Patrick Y. Liu, Shiwei Liu, Yang Lodha, Rakesh Logroscino, Giancarlo Looker, Katharine J. Lopez, Alan D. Lorkowski, Stefan Lotufo, Paulo A. Lozano, Rafael Lucas, Timothy C. D. Lunevicius, Raimundas Lyons, Ronan A. Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King Maddison, Emilie R. Abd el Razek, Hassan Magdy Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos Mahdavi, Mahdi Majdan, Marek Majdzadeh, Reza Majeed, Azeem Malekzadeh, Reza Malhotra, Rajesh Malta, Deborah Carvalho Mamun, Abdullah A. Manguerra, Helena Manhertz, Treh Mantovani, Lorenzo G. Mapoma, Chabila C. March, Lyn M. Marczak, Laurie B. Martinez-Raga, Jose Henrique, Paulo Martins, Viegas Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlndio Martopullo, Ira Marz, Winfried Mathur, Manu Raj Mazidi, Mohsen McAlinden, Colm McGaughey, Madeline McGrath, John J. Mckee, Martin Mehata, Suresh Meier, Toni Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam Memiah, Peter Memish, Ziad A. Mendoza, Walter Mengesha, Melkamu Merid Mengistie, Mubarek Abera Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese Mensah, George A. Meretoja, Atte Meretoja, Tuomo J. Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane Micha, Renata Millear, Anoushka Miller, Ted R. Minnig, Shawn Mirarefin, Mojde Mirrakhimov, Erkin M. Misganaw, Awoke Mishra, Shiva Raj Mitchell, Philip B. Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammadi, Alireza Mohammed, Shafiu Mohammed, Kedir Endris Mohammed, Muktar Sano Kedir Mohan, Murali B. V. Mokdad, Ali H. Mollenkopf, Sarah K. Monasta, Lorenzo Montanez Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montico, Marcella Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar Moraga, Paula Morawska, Lidia Mori, Rintaro Morrison, Shane D. Moses, Mark Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff Mruts, Kalayu Birhane Mueller, Ulrich O. Muller, Kate Mudoch, Michele E. Murthy, Srinivas Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana Musa, Kamarul Imran Nachega, Jean B. Nagel, Gabriele Naghavi, Mohsen Naheed, Aliya Naidoo, Kovin S. Nangia, Vinay Nasher, Jamal T. Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan Negasa, Dumessa Edessa Negoi, Ionut Negoi, Ruxandra Irina Newton, Charles R. Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku Cuong Tat Nguyen Quyen Le Nguyen Grant Nguyen Trang Huyen Nguyen Minh Nguyen Nichols, Emma Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini Vuong Minh Nong Norheim, Ole F. Norrving, Bo Noubiap, Jean Jacques N. Nyandwi, Alypio Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf O'Donnell, Martin J. Ogbo, Felix Akpojene Oh, In-Hwan Okoro, Anselm Oladimeji, Olanrewaju Olagunju, Andrew Toyin Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi Olsen, Helen E. Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun Ong, Kanyin Opio, John Nelson Oren, Eyal Ortiz, Alberto Osborne, Richard H. Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron Osman, Majdi Ota, Erika Owolabi, Mayowa O. Pa, Mahesh Pacella, Rosana E. Panda, Basant Kumar Pandian, Jeyaraj D. Papachristou, Christina Park, Eun-Kee Parry, Charles D. Parsaeian, Mahboubeh Patil, Snehal T. Patten, Scott B. Patton, George C. Paudel, Deepak Paulson, Katherine Pearce, Neil Pereira, David M. Perez, Krystle Marie Perico, Norberto Pesudovs, Konrad Peterson, Carrie Beth Petri, William Arthur Petzold, Max Phillips, Michael Robert Phipps, Geoffrey Pigott, David M. Pillay, Julian David Pinho, Christine Piradov, Michael A. Plass, Dietrich Pletcher, Martin A. Popova, Svetlana Poulton, Richie G. Pourmalek, Farshad Prabhakaran, Dorairaj Prasad, Narayan Purcell, Carrie Purwar, Manorama Qorbani, Mostafa Rabiee, Rynaz H. S. Radfar, Amir Rafay, Anwar Rahimi, Kazem Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa Rahman, Mahfuzar Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rai, Rajesh Kumar Rajsic, Sasa Ram, Usha Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal Rangaswamy, Thara Rankin, Zane Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya Rao, Puja C. Rawaf, Salman Ray, Sarah E. Reiner, Robert C. Reinig, Nikolas Reitsma, Marissa Remuzzi, Giuseppe Renzaho, Andre M. N. Resnikoff, Serge Rezaei, Satar Ribeiro, Antonio L. Roba, Hirbo Shore Robinson, Stephen R. Rojas-Rueda, David Rokni, Mohammad Bagher Ronfani, Luca Roshandel, Gholamreza Roth, Gregory A. Rothenbacher, Dietrich Roy, Ambuj Rubagotti, Enrico Ruhago, George Mugambage Saadat, Soheil Safdarian, Mahdi Safiri, Saeid Sagar, Rajesh Sahathevan, Ramesh Sahraian, Mohammad Ali Salama, Joseph Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad Salomon, Joshua A. Salvi, Sundeep Santosh Samy, Abdallah M. Sanabria, Juan Ramon Dolores Sanchez-Nino, Maria Santomauro, Damian Santos, Joao Vasco Santos, Itamar S. Milicevic, Milena M. Santric Sartorius, Benn Satpathy, Maheswar Sawhney, Monika Saxena, Sonia Schelonka, Kathryn Schmidt, Maria Ines Schneider, Ione J. C. Ben Schottker Schutte, Aletta E. Schwebel, David C. Schwendicke, Falk Seedat, Soraya Sepanlou, Sadaf G. Servan-Mori, Edson E. Shaheen, Amira Shaikh, Masood Ali Shamsipour, Mansour Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Sharma, Rajesh Sharma, Jayendra She, Jun Shi, Peilin Shibuya, Kenji Shields, Chloe Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay Shigematsu, Mika Shiri, Rahman Shirkoohi, Reza Shirude, Shreya Shishani, Kawkab Shoman, Haitham Siabani, Soraya Sibai, Abla Mehio Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora Silberberg, Donald H. Silva, Joao Pedro Santos Silva, Diego Augusto Alves Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Singh, Jasvinder A. Singh, Virendra Singh, Om Prakash Singh, Narinder Pal Sinha, Dhirendra Narain Skiadaresi, Eirini Skirbekk, Vegard Slepak, Erica Leigh Smith, David L. Smith, Mari Sobaih, Badr H. A. Sobngwi, Eugene Soljak, Michael Sorensen, Reed J. D. Moraes Sousa, Tatiane Cristina Sposato, Luciano A. Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi Sunguya, Bruno F. Sur, Patrick J. Swaminathan, Soumya Sykes, Bryan L. Sylte, Dillon Szoeke, Cassandra E. I. Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar Taffere, Getachew Redae Takala, Jukka S. Tandon, Nikhil Tanne, David Tarekegn, Yihunie L. Tavakkoli, Mohammad Taveira, Nuno Taylor, Hugh R. Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash Tekelab, Tesfalidet Shifa, Girma Temam Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman Tesfaye, Dawit Jember Tesssema, Belay Thakur, J. S. Thamsuwan, Ornwipa Theadom, Alice M. Theis, Andrew M. Thomas, Katie E. Thomas, Nihal Thompson, Robert Thrift, Amanda G. Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan Tobollik, Myriam Tonelli, Marcello Topor-Madry, Roman Tortajada, Miguel Touvier, Mathilde Traebert, Jefferson Tran, Bach Xuan Troeger, Christopher Truelsen, Thomas Tsoi, Derrick Tuzcu, Emin Murat Tymeson, Hayley Tyrovolas, Stefanos Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna Undurraga, Eduardo A. Uneke, Chigozie Jesse Updike, Rachel Uthman, Olalekan A. Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. Chudi van Boven, Job F. M. Varughese, Santosh Vasankari, Tommi Veerman, Lennert J. Venkatesh, S. Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy Vidavalur, Ramesh Vijayakumar, Lakshmi Violante, Francesco S. Vishnu, Abhishek Vladimirov, Sergey K. Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich Vollset, Stein Emil Vos, Theo Wadilo, Fiseha Wakayo, Tolassa Wallin, Mitchell T. Wang, Yuan-Pang Weichenthal, Scott Weiderpass, Elisabete Weintraub, Robert G. Weiss, Daniel J. Werdecker, Andrea Westerman, Ronny Whiteford, Harvey A. Wijeratne, Tissa Williams, Hywel C. Wiysonge, Charles Shey Woldeyes, Belete Getahun Wolfe, Charles D. A. Woodbrook, Rachel Woolf, Anthony D. Workicho, Abdulhalik Xavier, Denis Xu, Gelin Yadgir, Simon Yaghoubi, Mohsen Yakob, Bereket Yan, Lijing L. Yano, Yuichiro Ye, Pengpeng Yihdego, Mahari Gidey Yimam, Hassen Hamid Yip, Paul Yonemoto, Naohiro Yoon, Seok-Jun Yotebieng, Marcel Younis, Mustafa Z. Yu, Chuanhua Zaidi, Zoubida Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed Zegeye, Elias Asfaw Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew Zhang, Xueying Zheng, Yingfeng Zhou, Maigeng Zipkin, Ben Zodpey, Sanjay Zoeckler, Leo Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna Murray, Christopher J. L.
author	Hay, Simon I.
author_facet	Hay, Simon I. Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu Abate, Kalkidan Hassen Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Kaja M. Abd-Allah, Foad Abdulle, Abdishakur M. Abebo, Teshome Abuka Abera, Semaw Ferede Aboyans, Victor Abu-Raddad, Laith J. Ackerman, Ilana N. Adedeji, Isaac A. Adetokunboh, Olatunji Afshin, Ashkan Aggarwal, Rakesh Agrawal, Sutapa Agrawal, Anurag Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Aichour, Amani Nidhal Aichour, Ibtihel Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine Aiyar, Sneha Akinyemiju, Tomi F. Akseer, Nadia Al Lami, Faris Hasan Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Khurshid Alam, Noore Alam, Tahiya Alasfoor, Deena Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Raghib Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza Alkaabi, Juma M. Alkerwi, Ala'a Alla, Francois Allebeck, Peter Allen, Christine Al-Maskari, Fatma AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz Al-Raddadi, Rajaa Alsharif, Ubai Alsowaidi, Shirina Althouse, Benjamin M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Azmeraw T. Amini, Erfan Ammar, Walid Ampem, Yaw Amoako Ansha, Mustafa Geleto Antonio, Carl Abelardo T. Anwari, Palwasha Arnlov, Johan Arora, Megha Al Artaman Aryal, Krishna Kumar Asgedom, Solomon W. Atey, Tesfay Mehari Atnafu, Niguse Tadele Avila-Burgos, Leticia Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur Awasthi, Ashish Awasthi, Shally Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Azarpazhooh, Mahmoud Reza Azzopardi, Peter Babalola, Tesleem Kayode Bacha, Umar Badawi, Alaa Balakrishnan, Kalpana Bannick, Marlena S. Barac, Aleksandra Barker-Collo, Suzanne L. Barnighausen, Till Barquera, Simon Barrero, Lope H. Basu, Sanjay Battista, Robert Battle, Katherine E. Baune, Bernhard T. Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Beardsley, Justin Bedi, Neeraj Bejot, Yannick Bekele, Bayu Begashaw Bell, Michelle L. Bennett, Derrick A. Bennett, James R. Bensenor, Isabela M. Benson, Jennifer Berhane, Adugnaw Berhe, Derbew Fikadu Bernabe, Eduardo Betsu, Balem Demtsu Beuran, Mircea Beyene, Addisu Shunu Bhansali, Anil Bhatt, Samir Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Biadgilign, Sibhatu Bienhoff, Kelly Bikbov, Boris Birungi, Charles Biryukov, Stan Bisanzio, Donal Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie Blyth, Fiona M. Boneya, Dube Jara Bose, Dipan Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R. Bourne, Rupert R. A. Brainin, Michael Brayne, Carol E. G. Brazinova, Alexandra Breitborde, Nicholas J. K. Briant, Paul S. Britton, Gabrielle Brugha, Traolach S. Buchbinder, Rachelle Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto Bumgarner, Blair Butt, Zahid A. Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero Cameron, Ewan Ricardo Campos-Nonato, Ismael Carabin, Helene Cardenas, Rosario Carpenter, David O. Carrero, Juan Jesus Carter, Austin Carvalho, Felix Casey, Daniel Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A. Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo Castle, Chris D. Catala-Lopez, Ferran Chang, Jung-Chen Charlson, Fiona J. Chaturvedi, Pankaj Chen, Honglei Chibalabala, Mirriam Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe Chitheer, Abdulaal A. Chowdhury, Rajiv Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas Ciobanu, Liliana G. Cirillo, Massimo Colombara, Danny Cooper, Leslie Trumbull Cooper, Cyrus Cortesi, Paolo Angelo Cortinovis, Monica Criqui, Michael H. Cromwell, Elizabeth A. Cross, Marita Crump, John A. Dadi, Abel Fekadu Dalal, Koustuv Damasceno, Albertino Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, Jose Davitoiu, Dragos V. Davletov, Kairat de Courten, Barbora de Leo, Diego De Steur, Hans Degenhardt, Louisa Deiparine, Selina Dellavalle, Robert P. Deribe, Kebede Deribew, Amare Des Jarlais, Don C. Dey, Subhojit Dharmaratne, Samath D. Dhillon, Preet K. Dicker, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Huyen Phuc Do Dokova, Klara Doku, David Teye Dorsey, E. Ray Bender dos Santos, Kadine Priscila Driscoll, Tim R. Dubey, Manisha Duncan, Bruce Bartholow Ebel, Beth E. Echko, Michelle El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad Enayati, Ahmadali Endries, Aman Yesuf Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich Erskine, Holly E. Eshetie, Setegn Eshrati, Babak Esteghamati, Alireza Estep, Kara Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele Farag, Tamer Sofia, Carla Farinha, Sa Faro, Andre Farzadfar, Farshad Fazeli, Mir Sohail Feigin, Valery L. Feigl, Andrea B. Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad Fernandes, Joao C. Ferrari, Alize J. Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Fitzmaurice, Christina Flaxman, Abraham D. Foigt, Nataliya Foreman, Kyle J. Franklin, Richard C. Frostad, Joseph J. Fullman, Nancy Furst, Thomas Furtado, Joao M. Futran, Neal D. Gakidou, Emmanuela Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L. Gebre, Teshome Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde Geleijnse, Johanna M. Geleto, Ayele Gemechu, Bikila Lencha Gesesew, Hailay Abrha Gething, Peter W. Ghajar, Alireza Gibney, Katherine B. Gillum, Richard F. Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo Giussani, Giorgia Godwin, William W. Goel, Kashish Goenka, Shifalika Goldberg, Ellen M. Gona, Philimon N. Goodridge, Amador Gopalani, Sameer Vali Gosselin, Richard A. Gotay, Carolyn C. Goto, Atsushi Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho Graetz, Nicholas Gugnani, Harish Chander Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Prakash C. Gupta, Tanush Gupta, Vipin Gupta, Rahul Gutierrez, Reyna A. Hachinski, Vladimir Hafezi-Nejad, Nima Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi Hamidi, Samer Hammami, Mouhanad Handal, Alexis J. Hankey, Graeme J. Hao, Yuantao Harb, Hilda L. Hareri, Habtamu Abera Haro, Josep Maria Harun, Kimani M. Harvey, James Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh Havmoeller, Rasmus Hay, Roderick J. Hedayati, Mohammad T. Hendrie, Delia Henry, Nathaniel J. Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz Heydarpour, Pouria Hoek, Hans W. Hoffman, Howard J. Horino, Masako Horita, Nobuyuki Hosgood, H. Dean Hostiuc, Sorin Hotez, Peter J. Hoy, Damian G. Htet, Aung Soe Hu, Guoqing Huang, John J. Huynh, Chantal Iburg, Kim Moesgaard Igumbor, Ehimario Uche Ikeda, Chad Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter Jacobsen, Kathryn H. Jahanmehr, Nader Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B. James, Peter Jassal, Simerjot K. Javanbakht, Mehdi Jayaraman, Sudha P. Jeemon, Panniyammakal Jensen, Paul N. Jha, Vivekanand Jiang, Guohong John, Denny Johnson, Catherine O. Johnson, Sarah Charlotte Jonas, Jost B. Jurisson, Mikk Kabir, Zubair Kadel, Rajendra Kahsay, Amaha Kamal, Ritul Kar, Chittaranjan Karam, Nadim E. Karch, Andre Karema, Corine Kakizi Karimi, Seyed M. Karimkhani, Chante Kasaeian, Amir Kassa, Getachew Mullu Kassebaum, Nicholas J. Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa Kastor, Anshul Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal Kaul, Anil Kawakami, Norito Keiyoro, Peter Njenga Kemmer, Laura Kengne, Andre Pascal Keren, Andre Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair Khader, Yousef Saleh Khalil, Ibrahim A. Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khang, Young-Ho Khoja, Abdullah T. Khosravi, Ardeshir Khubchandani, Jagdish Kieling, Christian Kim, Yun Jin Kim, Daniel Kimokoti, Ruth W. Kinfu, Yohannes Kisa, Adnan Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A. Kissoon, Niranjan Kivimaki, Mika Knudsen, Ann Kristin Kokubo, Yoshihiro Kolte, Dhaval Kopec, Jacek A. Kosen, Soewarta Kotsakis, Georgios A. Koul, Parvaiz A. Koyanagi, Ai Kravchenko, Michael Krohn, Kristopher J. Defo, Barthelemy Kuate Bicer, Burcu Kucuk Kumar, G. Anil Kumar, Pushpendra Kyu, Hmwe H. Lager, Anton Carl Jonas Lal, Dharmesh Kumar Lalloo, Ratilal Lallukka, Tea Lambert, Nkurunziza Lan, Qing Lansingh, Van C. Larsson, Anders Leasher, Janet L. Lee, Paul H. Leigh, James Leshargie, Cheru Tesema Leung, Janni Leung, Ricky Levi, Miriam Li, Yichong Li, Yongmei Liang, Xiaofeng Liben, Misgan Legesse Lim, Stephen S. Linn, Shai Liu, Angela Liu, Patrick Y. Liu, Shiwei Liu, Yang Lodha, Rakesh Logroscino, Giancarlo Looker, Katharine J. Lopez, Alan D. Lorkowski, Stefan Lotufo, Paulo A. Lozano, Rafael Lucas, Timothy C. D. Lunevicius, Raimundas Lyons, Ronan A. Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King Maddison, Emilie R. Abd el Razek, Hassan Magdy Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos Mahdavi, Mahdi Majdan, Marek Majdzadeh, Reza Majeed, Azeem Malekzadeh, Reza Malhotra, Rajesh Malta, Deborah Carvalho Mamun, Abdullah A. Manguerra, Helena Manhertz, Treh Mantovani, Lorenzo G. Mapoma, Chabila C. March, Lyn M. Marczak, Laurie B. Martinez-Raga, Jose Henrique, Paulo Martins, Viegas Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlndio Martopullo, Ira Marz, Winfried Mathur, Manu Raj Mazidi, Mohsen McAlinden, Colm McGaughey, Madeline McGrath, John J. Mckee, Martin Mehata, Suresh Meier, Toni Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam Memiah, Peter Memish, Ziad A. Mendoza, Walter Mengesha, Melkamu Merid Mengistie, Mubarek Abera Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese Mensah, George A. Meretoja, Atte Meretoja, Tuomo J. Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane Micha, Renata Millear, Anoushka Miller, Ted R. Minnig, Shawn Mirarefin, Mojde Mirrakhimov, Erkin M. Misganaw, Awoke Mishra, Shiva Raj Mitchell, Philip B. Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammadi, Alireza Mohammed, Shafiu Mohammed, Kedir Endris Mohammed, Muktar Sano Kedir Mohan, Murali B. V. Mokdad, Ali H. Mollenkopf, Sarah K. Monasta, Lorenzo Montanez Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montico, Marcella Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar Moraga, Paula Morawska, Lidia Mori, Rintaro Morrison, Shane D. Moses, Mark Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff Mruts, Kalayu Birhane Mueller, Ulrich O. Muller, Kate Mudoch, Michele E. Murthy, Srinivas Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana Musa, Kamarul Imran Nachega, Jean B. Nagel, Gabriele Naghavi, Mohsen Naheed, Aliya Naidoo, Kovin S. Nangia, Vinay Nasher, Jamal T. Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan Negasa, Dumessa Edessa Negoi, Ionut Negoi, Ruxandra Irina Newton, Charles R. Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku Cuong Tat Nguyen Quyen Le Nguyen Grant Nguyen Trang Huyen Nguyen Minh Nguyen Nichols, Emma Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini Vuong Minh Nong Norheim, Ole F. Norrving, Bo Noubiap, Jean Jacques N. Nyandwi, Alypio Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf O'Donnell, Martin J. Ogbo, Felix Akpojene Oh, In-Hwan Okoro, Anselm Oladimeji, Olanrewaju Olagunju, Andrew Toyin Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi Olsen, Helen E. Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun Ong, Kanyin Opio, John Nelson Oren, Eyal Ortiz, Alberto Osborne, Richard H. Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron Osman, Majdi Ota, Erika Owolabi, Mayowa O. Pa, Mahesh Pacella, Rosana E. Panda, Basant Kumar Pandian, Jeyaraj D. Papachristou, Christina Park, Eun-Kee Parry, Charles D. Parsaeian, Mahboubeh Patil, Snehal T. Patten, Scott B. Patton, George C. Paudel, Deepak Paulson, Katherine Pearce, Neil Pereira, David M. Perez, Krystle Marie Perico, Norberto Pesudovs, Konrad Peterson, Carrie Beth Petri, William Arthur Petzold, Max Phillips, Michael Robert Phipps, Geoffrey Pigott, David M. Pillay, Julian David Pinho, Christine Piradov, Michael A. Plass, Dietrich Pletcher, Martin A. Popova, Svetlana Poulton, Richie G. Pourmalek, Farshad Prabhakaran, Dorairaj Prasad, Narayan Purcell, Carrie Purwar, Manorama Qorbani, Mostafa Rabiee, Rynaz H. S. Radfar, Amir Rafay, Anwar Rahimi, Kazem Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa Rahman, Mahfuzar Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rai, Rajesh Kumar Rajsic, Sasa Ram, Usha Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal Rangaswamy, Thara Rankin, Zane Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya Rao, Puja C. Rawaf, Salman Ray, Sarah E. Reiner, Robert C. Reinig, Nikolas Reitsma, Marissa Remuzzi, Giuseppe Renzaho, Andre M. N. Resnikoff, Serge Rezaei, Satar Ribeiro, Antonio L. Roba, Hirbo Shore Robinson, Stephen R. Rojas-Rueda, David Rokni, Mohammad Bagher Ronfani, Luca Roshandel, Gholamreza Roth, Gregory A. Rothenbacher, Dietrich Roy, Ambuj Rubagotti, Enrico Ruhago, George Mugambage Saadat, Soheil Safdarian, Mahdi Safiri, Saeid Sagar, Rajesh Sahathevan, Ramesh Sahraian, Mohammad Ali Salama, Joseph Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad Salomon, Joshua A. Salvi, Sundeep Santosh Samy, Abdallah M. Sanabria, Juan Ramon Dolores Sanchez-Nino, Maria Santomauro, Damian Santos, Joao Vasco Santos, Itamar S. Milicevic, Milena M. Santric Sartorius, Benn Satpathy, Maheswar Sawhney, Monika Saxena, Sonia Schelonka, Kathryn Schmidt, Maria Ines Schneider, Ione J. C. Ben Schottker Schutte, Aletta E. Schwebel, David C. Schwendicke, Falk Seedat, Soraya Sepanlou, Sadaf G. Servan-Mori, Edson E. Shaheen, Amira Shaikh, Masood Ali Shamsipour, Mansour Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Sharma, Rajesh Sharma, Jayendra She, Jun Shi, Peilin Shibuya, Kenji Shields, Chloe Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay Shigematsu, Mika Shiri, Rahman Shirkoohi, Reza Shirude, Shreya Shishani, Kawkab Shoman, Haitham Siabani, Soraya Sibai, Abla Mehio Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora Silberberg, Donald H. Silva, Joao Pedro Santos Silva, Diego Augusto Alves Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Singh, Jasvinder A. Singh, Virendra Singh, Om Prakash Singh, Narinder Pal Sinha, Dhirendra Narain Skiadaresi, Eirini Skirbekk, Vegard Slepak, Erica Leigh Smith, David L. Smith, Mari Sobaih, Badr H. A. Sobngwi, Eugene Soljak, Michael Sorensen, Reed J. D. Moraes Sousa, Tatiane Cristina Sposato, Luciano A. Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi Sunguya, Bruno F. Sur, Patrick J. Swaminathan, Soumya Sykes, Bryan L. Sylte, Dillon Szoeke, Cassandra E. I. Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar Taffere, Getachew Redae Takala, Jukka S. Tandon, Nikhil Tanne, David Tarekegn, Yihunie L. Tavakkoli, Mohammad Taveira, Nuno Taylor, Hugh R. Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash Tekelab, Tesfalidet Shifa, Girma Temam Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman Tesfaye, Dawit Jember Tesssema, Belay Thakur, J. S. Thamsuwan, Ornwipa Theadom, Alice M. Theis, Andrew M. Thomas, Katie E. Thomas, Nihal Thompson, Robert Thrift, Amanda G. Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan Tobollik, Myriam Tonelli, Marcello Topor-Madry, Roman Tortajada, Miguel Touvier, Mathilde Traebert, Jefferson Tran, Bach Xuan Troeger, Christopher Truelsen, Thomas Tsoi, Derrick Tuzcu, Emin Murat Tymeson, Hayley Tyrovolas, Stefanos Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna Undurraga, Eduardo A. Uneke, Chigozie Jesse Updike, Rachel Uthman, Olalekan A. Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. Chudi van Boven, Job F. M. Varughese, Santosh Vasankari, Tommi Veerman, Lennert J. Venkatesh, S. Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy Vidavalur, Ramesh Vijayakumar, Lakshmi Violante, Francesco S. Vishnu, Abhishek Vladimirov, Sergey K. Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich Vollset, Stein Emil Vos, Theo Wadilo, Fiseha Wakayo, Tolassa Wallin, Mitchell T. Wang, Yuan-Pang Weichenthal, Scott Weiderpass, Elisabete Weintraub, Robert G. Weiss, Daniel J. Werdecker, Andrea Westerman, Ronny Whiteford, Harvey A. Wijeratne, Tissa Williams, Hywel C. Wiysonge, Charles Shey Woldeyes, Belete Getahun Wolfe, Charles D. A. Woodbrook, Rachel Woolf, Anthony D. Workicho, Abdulhalik Xavier, Denis Xu, Gelin Yadgir, Simon Yaghoubi, Mohsen Yakob, Bereket Yan, Lijing L. Yano, Yuichiro Ye, Pengpeng Yihdego, Mahari Gidey Yimam, Hassen Hamid Yip, Paul Yonemoto, Naohiro Yoon, Seok-Jun Yotebieng, Marcel Younis, Mustafa Z. Yu, Chuanhua Zaidi, Zoubida Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed Zegeye, Elias Asfaw Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew Zhang, Xueying Zheng, Yingfeng Zhou, Maigeng Zipkin, Ben Zodpey, Sanjay Zoeckler, Leo Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna Murray, Christopher J. L.
author_role	author
author2	Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu Abate, Kalkidan Hassen Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Kaja M. Abd-Allah, Foad Abdulle, Abdishakur M. Abebo, Teshome Abuka Abera, Semaw Ferede Aboyans, Victor Abu-Raddad, Laith J. Ackerman, Ilana N. Adedeji, Isaac A. Adetokunboh, Olatunji Afshin, Ashkan Aggarwal, Rakesh Agrawal, Sutapa Agrawal, Anurag Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Aichour, Amani Nidhal Aichour, Ibtihel Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine Aiyar, Sneha Akinyemiju, Tomi F. Akseer, Nadia Al Lami, Faris Hasan Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Khurshid Alam, Noore Alam, Tahiya Alasfoor, Deena Alene, Kefyalew Addis Ali, Raghib Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza Alkaabi, Juma M. Alkerwi, Ala'a Alla, Francois Allebeck, Peter Allen, Christine Al-Maskari, Fatma AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz Al-Raddadi, Rajaa Alsharif, Ubai Alsowaidi, Shirina Althouse, Benjamin M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Amare, Azmeraw T. Amini, Erfan Ammar, Walid Ampem, Yaw Amoako Ansha, Mustafa Geleto Antonio, Carl Abelardo T. Anwari, Palwasha Arnlov, Johan Arora, Megha Al Artaman Aryal, Krishna Kumar Asgedom, Solomon W. Atey, Tesfay Mehari Atnafu, Niguse Tadele Avila-Burgos, Leticia Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. Arthur Awasthi, Ashish Awasthi, Shally Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Azarpazhooh, Mahmoud Reza Azzopardi, Peter Babalola, Tesleem Kayode Bacha, Umar Badawi, Alaa Balakrishnan, Kalpana Bannick, Marlena S. Barac, Aleksandra Barker-Collo, Suzanne L. Barnighausen, Till Barquera, Simon Barrero, Lope H. Basu, Sanjay Battista, Robert Battle, Katherine E. Baune, Bernhard T. Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad Beardsley, Justin Bedi, Neeraj Bejot, Yannick Bekele, Bayu Begashaw Bell, Michelle L. Bennett, Derrick A. Bennett, James R. Bensenor, Isabela M. Benson, Jennifer Berhane, Adugnaw Berhe, Derbew Fikadu Bernabe, Eduardo Betsu, Balem Demtsu Beuran, Mircea Beyene, Addisu Shunu Bhansali, Anil Bhatt, Samir Bhutta, Zulfiqar A. Biadgilign, Sibhatu Bienhoff, Kelly Bikbov, Boris Birungi, Charles Biryukov, Stan Bisanzio, Donal Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie Blyth, Fiona M. Boneya, Dube Jara Bose, Dipan Bou-Orm, Ibrahim R. Bourne, Rupert R. A. Brainin, Michael Brayne, Carol E. G. Brazinova, Alexandra Breitborde, Nicholas J. K. Briant, Paul S. Britton, Gabrielle Brugha, Traolach S. Buchbinder, Rachelle Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto Bumgarner, Blair Butt, Zahid A. Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero Cameron, Ewan Ricardo Campos-Nonato, Ismael Carabin, Helene Cardenas, Rosario Carpenter, David O. Carrero, Juan Jesus Carter, Austin Carvalho, Felix Casey, Daniel Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A. Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo Castle, Chris D. Catala-Lopez, Ferran Chang, Jung-Chen Charlson, Fiona J. Chaturvedi, Pankaj Chen, Honglei Chibalabala, Mirriam Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe Chitheer, Abdulaal A. Chowdhury, Rajiv Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas Ciobanu, Liliana G. Cirillo, Massimo Colombara, Danny Cooper, Leslie Trumbull Cooper, Cyrus Cortesi, Paolo Angelo Cortinovis, Monica Criqui, Michael H. Cromwell, Elizabeth A. Cross, Marita Crump, John A. Dadi, Abel Fekadu Dalal, Koustuv Damasceno, Albertino Dandona, Lalit Dandona, Rakhi das Neves, Jose Davitoiu, Dragos V. Davletov, Kairat de Courten, Barbora de Leo, Diego De Steur, Hans Degenhardt, Louisa Deiparine, Selina Dellavalle, Robert P. Deribe, Kebede Deribew, Amare Des Jarlais, Don C. Dey, Subhojit Dharmaratne, Samath D. Dhillon, Preet K. Dicker, Daniel Djalalinia, Shirin Huyen Phuc Do Dokova, Klara Doku, David Teye Dorsey, E. Ray Bender dos Santos, Kadine Priscila Driscoll, Tim R. Dubey, Manisha Duncan, Bruce Bartholow Ebel, Beth E. Echko, Michelle El-Khatib, Ziad Ziad Enayati, Ahmadali Endries, Aman Yesuf Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich Erskine, Holly E. Eshetie, Setegn Eshrati, Babak Esteghamati, Alireza Estep, Kara Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele Farag, Tamer Sofia, Carla Farinha, Sa Faro, Andre Farzadfar, Farshad Fazeli, Mir Sohail Feigin, Valery L. Feigl, Andrea B. Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad Fernandes, Joao C. Ferrari, Alize J. Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa Filip, Irina Fischer, Florian Fitzmaurice, Christina Flaxman, Abraham D. Foigt, Nataliya Foreman, Kyle J. Franklin, Richard C. Frostad, Joseph J. Fullman, Nancy Furst, Thomas Furtado, Joao M. Futran, Neal D. Gakidou, Emmanuela Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L. Gebre, Teshome Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde Geleijnse, Johanna M. Geleto, Ayele Gemechu, Bikila Lencha Gesesew, Hailay Abrha Gething, Peter W. Ghajar, Alireza Gibney, Katherine B. Gillum, Richard F. Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo Giussani, Giorgia Godwin, William W. Goel, Kashish Goenka, Shifalika Goldberg, Ellen M. Gona, Philimon N. Goodridge, Amador Gopalani, Sameer Vali Gosselin, Richard A. Gotay, Carolyn C. Goto, Atsushi Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho Graetz, Nicholas Gugnani, Harish Chander Gupta, Rajeev Gupta, Prakash C. Gupta, Tanush Gupta, Vipin Gupta, Rahul Gutierrez, Reyna A. Hachinski, Vladimir Hafezi-Nejad, Nima Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi Hamidi, Samer Hammami, Mouhanad Handal, Alexis J. Hankey, Graeme J. Hao, Yuantao Harb, Hilda L. Hareri, Habtamu Abera Haro, Josep Maria Harun, Kimani M. Harvey, James Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh Havmoeller, Rasmus Hay, Roderick J. Hedayati, Mohammad T. Hendrie, Delia Henry, Nathaniel J. Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz Heydarpour, Pouria Hoek, Hans W. Hoffman, Howard J. Horino, Masako Horita, Nobuyuki Hosgood, H. Dean Hostiuc, Sorin Hotez, Peter J. Hoy, Damian G. Htet, Aung Soe Hu, Guoqing Huang, John J. Huynh, Chantal Iburg, Kim Moesgaard Igumbor, Ehimario Uche Ikeda, Chad Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter Jacobsen, Kathryn H. Jahanmehr, Nader Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B. James, Peter Jassal, Simerjot K. Javanbakht, Mehdi Jayaraman, Sudha P. Jeemon, Panniyammakal Jensen, Paul N. Jha, Vivekanand Jiang, Guohong John, Denny Johnson, Catherine O. Johnson, Sarah Charlotte Jonas, Jost B. Jurisson, Mikk Kabir, Zubair Kadel, Rajendra Kahsay, Amaha Kamal, Ritul Kar, Chittaranjan Karam, Nadim E. Karch, Andre Karema, Corine Kakizi Karimi, Seyed M. Karimkhani, Chante Kasaeian, Amir Kassa, Getachew Mullu Kassebaum, Nicholas J. Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa Kastor, Anshul Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal Kaul, Anil Kawakami, Norito Keiyoro, Peter Njenga Kemmer, Laura Kengne, Andre Pascal Keren, Andre Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair Khader, Yousef Saleh Khalil, Ibrahim A. Khan, Ejaz Ahmad Khang, Young-Ho Khoja, Abdullah T. Khosravi, Ardeshir Khubchandani, Jagdish Kieling, Christian Kim, Yun Jin Kim, Daniel Kimokoti, Ruth W. Kinfu, Yohannes Kisa, Adnan Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna A. Kissoon, Niranjan Kivimaki, Mika Knudsen, Ann Kristin Kokubo, Yoshihiro Kolte, Dhaval Kopec, Jacek A. Kosen, Soewarta Kotsakis, Georgios A. Koul, Parvaiz A. Koyanagi, Ai Kravchenko, Michael Krohn, Kristopher J. Defo, Barthelemy Kuate Bicer, Burcu Kucuk Kumar, G. Anil Kumar, Pushpendra Kyu, Hmwe H. Lager, Anton Carl Jonas Lal, Dharmesh Kumar Lalloo, Ratilal Lallukka, Tea Lambert, Nkurunziza Lan, Qing Lansingh, Van C. Larsson, Anders Leasher, Janet L. Lee, Paul H. Leigh, James Leshargie, Cheru Tesema Leung, Janni Leung, Ricky Levi, Miriam Li, Yichong Li, Yongmei Liang, Xiaofeng Liben, Misgan Legesse Lim, Stephen S. Linn, Shai Liu, Angela Liu, Patrick Y. Liu, Shiwei Liu, Yang Lodha, Rakesh Logroscino, Giancarlo Looker, Katharine J. Lopez, Alan D. Lorkowski, Stefan Lotufo, Paulo A. Lozano, Rafael Lucas, Timothy C. D. Lunevicius, Raimundas Lyons, Ronan A. Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King Maddison, Emilie R. Abd el Razek, Hassan Magdy Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos Mahdavi, Mahdi Majdan, Marek Majdzadeh, Reza Majeed, Azeem Malekzadeh, Reza Malhotra, Rajesh Malta, Deborah Carvalho Mamun, Abdullah A. Manguerra, Helena Manhertz, Treh Mantovani, Lorenzo G. Mapoma, Chabila C. March, Lyn M. Marczak, Laurie B. Martinez-Raga, Jose Henrique, Paulo Martins, Viegas Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlndio Martopullo, Ira Marz, Winfried Mathur, Manu Raj Mazidi, Mohsen McAlinden, Colm McGaughey, Madeline McGrath, John J. Mckee, Martin Mehata, Suresh Meier, Toni Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam Memiah, Peter Memish, Ziad A. Mendoza, Walter Mengesha, Melkamu Merid Mengistie, Mubarek Abera Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese Mensah, George A. Meretoja, Atte Meretoja, Tuomo J. Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane Micha, Renata Millear, Anoushka Miller, Ted R. Minnig, Shawn Mirarefin, Mojde Mirrakhimov, Erkin M. Misganaw, Awoke Mishra, Shiva Raj Mitchell, Philip B. Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammadi, Alireza Mohammed, Shafiu Mohammed, Kedir Endris Mohammed, Muktar Sano Kedir Mohan, Murali B. V. Mokdad, Ali H. Mollenkopf, Sarah K. Monasta, Lorenzo Montanez Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montico, Marcella Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar Moraga, Paula Morawska, Lidia Mori, Rintaro Morrison, Shane D. Moses, Mark Mountjoy-Venning, Cliff Mruts, Kalayu Birhane Mueller, Ulrich O. Muller, Kate Mudoch, Michele E. Murthy, Srinivas Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana Musa, Kamarul Imran Nachega, Jean B. Nagel, Gabriele Naghavi, Mohsen Naheed, Aliya Naidoo, Kovin S. Nangia, Vinay Nasher, Jamal T. Natarajan, Gopalakrishnan Negasa, Dumessa Edessa Negoi, Ionut Negoi, Ruxandra Irina Newton, Charles R. Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku Cuong Tat Nguyen Quyen Le Nguyen Grant Nguyen Trang Huyen Nguyen Minh Nguyen Nichols, Emma Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini Vuong Minh Nong Norheim, Ole F. Norrving, Bo Noubiap, Jean Jacques N. Nyandwi, Alypio Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf O'Donnell, Martin J. Ogbo, Felix Akpojene Oh, In-Hwan Okoro, Anselm Oladimeji, Olanrewaju Olagunju, Andrew Toyin Olagunju, Tinuke Oluwasefunmi Olsen, Helen E. Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun Ong, Kanyin Opio, John Nelson Oren, Eyal Ortiz, Alberto Osborne, Richard H. Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron Osman, Majdi Ota, Erika Owolabi, Mayowa O. Pa, Mahesh Pacella, Rosana E. Panda, Basant Kumar Pandian, Jeyaraj D. Papachristou, Christina Park, Eun-Kee Parry, Charles D. Parsaeian, Mahboubeh Patil, Snehal T. Patten, Scott B. Patton, George C. Paudel, Deepak Paulson, Katherine Pearce, Neil Pereira, David M. Perez, Krystle Marie Perico, Norberto Pesudovs, Konrad Peterson, Carrie Beth Petri, William Arthur Petzold, Max Phillips, Michael Robert Phipps, Geoffrey Pigott, David M. Pillay, Julian David Pinho, Christine Piradov, Michael A. Plass, Dietrich Pletcher, Martin A. Popova, Svetlana Poulton, Richie G. Pourmalek, Farshad Prabhakaran, Dorairaj Prasad, Narayan Purcell, Carrie Purwar, Manorama Qorbani, Mostafa Rabiee, Rynaz H. S. Radfar, Amir Rafay, Anwar Rahimi, Kazem Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa Rahman, Mahfuzar Rahman, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rai, Rajesh Kumar Rajsic, Sasa Ram, Usha Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal Rangaswamy, Thara Rankin, Zane Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya Rao, Puja C. Rawaf, Salman Ray, Sarah E. Reiner, Robert C. Reinig, Nikolas Reitsma, Marissa Remuzzi, Giuseppe Renzaho, Andre M. N. Resnikoff, Serge Rezaei, Satar Ribeiro, Antonio L. Roba, Hirbo Shore Robinson, Stephen R. Rojas-Rueda, David Rokni, Mohammad Bagher Ronfani, Luca Roshandel, Gholamreza Roth, Gregory A. Rothenbacher, Dietrich Roy, Ambuj Rubagotti, Enrico Ruhago, George Mugambage Saadat, Soheil Safdarian, Mahdi Safiri, Saeid Sagar, Rajesh Sahathevan, Ramesh Sahraian, Mohammad Ali Salama, Joseph Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad Salomon, Joshua A. Salvi, Sundeep Santosh Samy, Abdallah M. Sanabria, Juan Ramon Dolores Sanchez-Nino, Maria Santomauro, Damian Santos, Joao Vasco Santos, Itamar S. Milicevic, Milena M. Santric Sartorius, Benn Satpathy, Maheswar Sawhney, Monika Saxena, Sonia Schelonka, Kathryn Schmidt, Maria Ines Schneider, Ione J. C. Ben Schottker Schutte, Aletta E. Schwebel, David C. Schwendicke, Falk Seedat, Soraya Sepanlou, Sadaf G. Servan-Mori, Edson E. Shaheen, Amira Shaikh, Masood Ali Shamsipour, Mansour Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Sharma, Rajesh Sharma, Jayendra She, Jun Shi, Peilin Shibuya, Kenji Shields, Chloe Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay Shigematsu, Mika Shiri, Rahman Shirkoohi, Reza Shirude, Shreya Shishani, Kawkab Shoman, Haitham Siabani, Soraya Sibai, Abla Mehio Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora Silberberg, Donald H. Silva, Joao Pedro Santos Silva, Diego Augusto Alves Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Singh, Jasvinder A. Singh, Virendra Singh, Om Prakash Singh, Narinder Pal Sinha, Dhirendra Narain Skiadaresi, Eirini Skirbekk, Vegard Slepak, Erica Leigh Smith, David L. Smith, Mari Sobaih, Badr H. A. Sobngwi, Eugene Soljak, Michael Sorensen, Reed J. D. Moraes Sousa, Tatiane Cristina Sposato, Luciano A. Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi Sunguya, Bruno F. Sur, Patrick J. Swaminathan, Soumya Sykes, Bryan L. Sylte, Dillon Szoeke, Cassandra E. I. Tabares-Seisdedos, Rafael Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar Taffere, Getachew Redae Takala, Jukka S. Tandon, Nikhil Tanne, David Tarekegn, Yihunie L. Tavakkoli, Mohammad Taveira, Nuno Taylor, Hugh R. Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash Tekelab, Tesfalidet Shifa, Girma Temam Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman Tesfaye, Dawit Jember Tesssema, Belay Thakur, J. S. Thamsuwan, Ornwipa Theadom, Alice M. Theis, Andrew M. Thomas, Katie E. Thomas, Nihal Thompson, Robert Thrift, Amanda G. Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan Tobollik, Myriam Tonelli, Marcello Topor-Madry, Roman Tortajada, Miguel Touvier, Mathilde Traebert, Jefferson Tran, Bach Xuan Troeger, Christopher Truelsen, Thomas Tsoi, Derrick Tuzcu, Emin Murat Tymeson, Hayley Tyrovolas, Stefanos Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna Undurraga, Eduardo A. Uneke, Chigozie Jesse Updike, Rachel Uthman, Olalekan A. Uzochukwu, Benjamin S. Chudi van Boven, Job F. M. Varughese, Santosh Vasankari, Tommi Veerman, Lennert J. Venkatesh, S. Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy Vidavalur, Ramesh Vijayakumar, Lakshmi Violante, Francesco S. Vishnu, Abhishek Vladimirov, Sergey K. Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich Vollset, Stein Emil Vos, Theo Wadilo, Fiseha Wakayo, Tolassa Wallin, Mitchell T. Wang, Yuan-Pang Weichenthal, Scott Weiderpass, Elisabete Weintraub, Robert G. Weiss, Daniel J. Werdecker, Andrea Westerman, Ronny Whiteford, Harvey A. Wijeratne, Tissa Williams, Hywel C. Wiysonge, Charles Shey Woldeyes, Belete Getahun Wolfe, Charles D. A. Woodbrook, Rachel Woolf, Anthony D. Workicho, Abdulhalik Xavier, Denis Xu, Gelin Yadgir, Simon Yaghoubi, Mohsen Yakob, Bereket Yan, Lijing L. Yano, Yuichiro Ye, Pengpeng Yihdego, Mahari Gidey Yimam, Hassen Hamid Yip, Paul Yonemoto, Naohiro Yoon, Seok-Jun Yotebieng, Marcel Younis, Mustafa Z. Yu, Chuanhua Zaidi, Zoubida Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed Zegeye, Elias Asfaw Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew Zhang, Xueying Zheng, Yingfeng Zhou, Maigeng Zipkin, Ben Zodpey, Sanjay Zoeckler, Leo Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna Murray, Christopher J. L.
author2_role	author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author author 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dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv	PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM AFRICA HIV EPIDEMIOLOGY ASSOCIATION PREVALENCE TRANSITION MORTALITY THERAPY WEIGHTS
topic	PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM AFRICA HIV EPIDEMIOLOGY ASSOCIATION PREVALENCE TRANSITION MORTALITY THERAPY WEIGHTS
description	Background Measurement of changes in health across locations is useful to compare and contrast changing epidemiological patterns against health system performance and identify specific needs for resource allocation in research, policy development, and programme decision making. Using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we drew from two widely used summary measures to monitor such changes in population health: disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and healthy life expectancy (HALE). We used these measures to track trends and benchmark progress compared with expected trends on the basis of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Methods We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE and DALYs by sex for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016. We calculated DALYs by summing years of life lost and years of life lived with disability for each location, age group, sex, and year. We estimated HALE using age-specific death rates and years of life lived with disability per capita. We explored how DALYs and HALE differed from expected trends when compared with the SDI: the geometric mean of income per person, educational attainment in the population older than age 15 years, and total fertility rate. Findings The highest globally observed HALE at birth for both women and men was in Singapore, at 75.2 years (95% uncertainty interval 71.9-78.6) for females and 72.0 years (68.8-75.1) for males. The lowest for females was in the Central African Republic (45.6 years [42.0-49.5]) and for males was in Lesotho (41.5 years [39.0-44.0]). From 1990 to 2016, global HALE increased by an average of 6.24 years (5.97-6.48) for both sexes combined. Global HALE increased by 6.04 years (5.74-6.27) for males and 6.49 years (6.08-6.77) for females, whereas HALE at age 65 years increased by 1.78 years (1.61-1.93) for males and 1.96 years (1.69-2.13) for females. Total global DALYs remained largely unchanged from 1990 to 2016 (-2.3% [-5.9 to 0.9]), with decreases in communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) disease DALYs offset by increased DALYs due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The exemplars, calculated as the five lowest ratios of observed to expected age-standardised DALY rates in 2016, were Nicaragua, Costa Rica, the Maldives, Peru, and Israel. The leading three causes of DALYs globally were ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and lower respiratory infections, comprising 16.1% of all DALYs. Total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rates due to most CMNN causes decreased from 1990 to 2016. Conversely, the total DALY burden rose for most NCDs; however, age-standardised DALY rates due to NCDs declined globally. Interpretation At a global level, DALYs and HALE continue to show improvements. At the same time, we observe that many populations are facing growing functional health loss. Rising SDI was associated with increases in cumulative years of life lived with disability and decreases in CMNN DALYs offset by increased NCD DALYs. Relative compression of morbidity highlights the importance of continued health interventions, which has changed in most locations in pace with the gross domestic product per person, education, and family planning. The analysis of DALYs and HALE and their relationship to SDI represents a robust framework with which to benchmark location-specific health performance. Country-specific drivers of disease burden, particularly for causes with higher-than-expected DALYs, should inform health policies, health system improvement initiatives, targeted prevention efforts, and development assistance for health, including financial and research investments for all countries, regardless of their level of sociodemographic development. The presence of countries that substantially outperform others suggests the need for increased scrutiny for proven examples of best practices, which can help to extend gains, whereas the presence of underperforming countries suggests the need for devotion of extra attention to health systems that need more robust support. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.
publishDate	2017
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv	2017
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format	article
status_str	publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv	https://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=23917
url	https://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=23917
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv	Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv	Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv	openAccess
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv	ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
publisher.none.fl_str_mv	ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv	LANCET ISSN: 01406736 ISSNe: 1474547X reponame:r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu instname:Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
instname_str	Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
reponame_str	r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
collection	r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déu
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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spelling	Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016Hay, Simon I.Abajobir, Amanuel AlemuAbate, Kalkidan HassenAbbafati, CristianaAbbas, Kaja M.Abd-Allah, FoadAbdulle, Abdishakur M.Abebo, Teshome AbukaAbera, Semaw FeredeAboyans, VictorAbu-Raddad, Laith J.Ackerman, Ilana N.Adedeji, Isaac A.Adetokunboh, OlatunjiAfshin, AshkanAggarwal, RakeshAgrawal, SutapaAgrawal, AnuragKiadaliri, Aliasghar AhmadAhmed, Muktar BeshirAichour, Amani NidhalAichour, IbtihelAichour, Miloud Taki EddineAiyar, SnehaAkinyemiju, Tomi F.Akseer, NadiaAl Lami, Faris HasanAlahdab, FaresAl-Aly, ZiyadAlam, KhurshidAlam, NooreAlam, TahiyaAlasfoor, DeenaAlene, Kefyalew AddisAli, RaghibAlizadeh-Navaei, RezaAlkaabi, Juma M.Alkerwi, Ala'aAlla, FrancoisAllebeck, PeterAllen, ChristineAl-Maskari, FatmaAlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAzizAl-Raddadi, RajaaAlsharif, UbaiAlsowaidi, ShirinaAlthouse, Benjamin M.Altirkawi, Khalid A.Alvis-Guzman, NelsonAmare, Azmeraw T.Amini, ErfanAmmar, WalidAmpem, Yaw AmoakoAnsha, Mustafa GeletoAntonio, Carl Abelardo T.Anwari, PalwashaArnlov, JohanArora, MeghaAl ArtamanAryal, Krishna KumarAsgedom, Solomon W.Atey, Tesfay MehariAtnafu, Niguse TadeleAvila-Burgos, LeticiaAvokpaho, Euripide Frinel G. ArthurAwasthi, AshishAwasthi, ShallyQuintanilla, Beatriz Paulina AyalaAzarpazhooh, Mahmoud RezaAzzopardi, PeterBabalola, Tesleem KayodeBacha, UmarBadawi, AlaaBalakrishnan, KalpanaBannick, Marlena S.Barac, AleksandraBarker-Collo, Suzanne L.Barnighausen, TillBarquera, SimonBarrero, Lope H.Basu, SanjayBattista, RobertBattle, Katherine E.Baune, Bernhard T.Bazargan-Hejazi, ShahrzadBeardsley, JustinBedi, NeerajBejot, YannickBekele, Bayu BegashawBell, Michelle L.Bennett, Derrick A.Bennett, James R.Bensenor, Isabela M.Benson, JenniferBerhane, AdugnawBerhe, Derbew FikaduBernabe, EduardoBetsu, Balem DemtsuBeuran, MirceaBeyene, Addisu ShunuBhansali, AnilBhatt, SamirBhutta, Zulfiqar A.Biadgilign, SibhatuBienhoff, KellyBikbov, BorisBirungi, CharlesBiryukov, StanBisanzio, DonalBizuayehu, Habtamu MellieBlyth, Fiona M.Boneya, Dube JaraBose, DipanBou-Orm, Ibrahim R.Bourne, Rupert R. A.Brainin, MichaelBrayne, Carol E. G.Brazinova, AlexandraBreitborde, Nicholas J. K.Briant, Paul S.Britton, GabrielleBrugha, Traolach S.Buchbinder, RachelleBulto, Lemma Negesa BultoBumgarner, BlairButt, Zahid A.Cahuana-Hurtado, LuceroCameron, EwanRicardo Campos-Nonato, IsmaelCarabin, HeleneCardenas, RosarioCarpenter, David O.Carrero, Juan JesusCarter, AustinCarvalho, FelixCasey, DanielCastaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A.Rivas, Jacqueline CastilloCastle, Chris D.Catala-Lopez, FerranChang, Jung-ChenCharlson, Fiona J.Chaturvedi, PankajChen, HongleiChibalabala, MirriamChibueze, Chioma EzinneChisumpa, Vesper HichilombweChitheer, Abdulaal A.Chowdhury, RajivChristopher, Devasahayam JesudasCiobanu, Liliana G.Cirillo, MassimoColombara, DannyCooper, Leslie TrumbullCooper, CyrusCortesi, Paolo AngeloCortinovis, MonicaCriqui, Michael H.Cromwell, Elizabeth A.Cross, MaritaCrump, John A.Dadi, Abel FekaduDalal, KoustuvDamasceno, AlbertinoDandona, LalitDandona, Rakhidas Neves, JoseDavitoiu, Dragos V.Davletov, Kairatde Courten, Barborade Leo, DiegoDe Steur, HansDegenhardt, LouisaDeiparine, SelinaDellavalle, Robert P.Deribe, KebedeDeribew, AmareDes Jarlais, Don C.Dey, SubhojitDharmaratne, Samath D.Dhillon, Preet K.Dicker, DanielDjalalinia, ShirinHuyen Phuc DoDokova, KlaraDoku, David TeyeDorsey, E. RayBender dos Santos, Kadine PriscilaDriscoll, Tim R.Dubey, ManishaDuncan, Bruce BartholowEbel, Beth E.Echko, MichelleEl-Khatib, Ziad ZiadEnayati, AhmadaliEndries, Aman YesufErmakov, Sergey PetrovichErskine, Holly E.Eshetie, SetegnEshrati, BabakEsteghamati, AlirezaEstep, KaraFanuel, Fanuel Belayneh BekeleFarag, TamerSofia, CarlaFarinha, SaFaro, AndreFarzadfar, FarshadFazeli, Mir SohailFeigin, Valery L.Feigl, Andrea B.Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-MohammadFernandes, Joao C.Ferrari, Alize J.Feyissa, Tesfaye RegassaFilip, IrinaFischer, FlorianFitzmaurice, ChristinaFlaxman, Abraham D.Foigt, NataliyaForeman, Kyle J.Franklin, Richard C.Frostad, Joseph J.Fullman, NancyFurst, ThomasFurtado, Joao M.Futran, Neal D.Gakidou, EmmanuelaGarcia-Basteiro, Alberto L.Gebre, TeshomeGebregergs, Gebremedhin BerheGebrehiwot, Tsegaye TeweldeGeleijnse, Johanna M.Geleto, AyeleGemechu, Bikila LenchaGesesew, Hailay AbrhaGething, Peter W.Ghajar, AlirezaGibney, Katherine B.Gillum, Richard F.Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem MohamedGishu, Melkamu DedefoGiussani, GiorgiaGodwin, William W.Goel, KashishGoenka, ShifalikaGoldberg, Ellen M.Gona, Philimon N.Goodridge, AmadorGopalani, Sameer ValiGosselin, Richard A.Gotay, Carolyn C.Goto, AtsushiGoulart, Alessandra CarvalhoGraetz, NicholasGugnani, Harish ChanderGupta, RajeevGupta, Prakash C.Gupta, TanushGupta, VipinGupta, RahulGutierrez, Reyna A.Hachinski, VladimirHafezi-Nejad, NimaHailu, Alemayehu DesalegneHailu, Gessessew BugssaHamadeh, Randah RibhiHamidi, SamerHammami, MouhanadHandal, Alexis J.Hankey, Graeme J.Hao, YuantaoHarb, Hilda L.Hareri, Habtamu AberaHaro, Josep MariaHarun, Kimani M.Harvey, JamesHassanvand, Mohammad SadeghHavmoeller, RasmusHay, Roderick J.Hedayati, Mohammad T.Hendrie, DeliaHenry, Nathaniel J.Heredia-Pi, Ileana BeatrizHeydarpour, PouriaHoek, Hans W.Hoffman, Howard J.Horino, MasakoHorita, NobuyukiHosgood, H. 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AnilKumar, PushpendraKyu, Hmwe H.Lager, Anton Carl JonasLal, Dharmesh KumarLalloo, RatilalLallukka, TeaLambert, NkurunzizaLan, QingLansingh, Van C.Larsson, AndersLeasher, Janet L.Lee, Paul H.Leigh, JamesLeshargie, Cheru TesemaLeung, JanniLeung, RickyLevi, MiriamLi, YichongLi, YongmeiLiang, XiaofengLiben, Misgan LegesseLim, Stephen S.Linn, ShaiLiu, AngelaLiu, Patrick Y.Liu, ShiweiLiu, YangLodha, RakeshLogroscino, GiancarloLooker, Katharine J.Lopez, Alan D.Lorkowski, StefanLotufo, Paulo A.Lozano, RafaelLucas, Timothy C. 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M.Varughese, SantoshVasankari, TommiVeerman, Lennert J.Venkatesh, S.Venketasubramanian, NarayanaswamyVidavalur, RameshVijayakumar, LakshmiViolante, Francesco S.Vishnu, AbhishekVladimirov, Sergey K.Vlassov, Vasiliy VictorovichVollset, Stein EmilVos, TheoWadilo, FisehaWakayo, TolassaWallin, Mitchell T.Wang, Yuan-PangWeichenthal, ScottWeiderpass, ElisabeteWeintraub, Robert G.Weiss, Daniel J.Werdecker, AndreaWesterman, RonnyWhiteford, Harvey A.Wijeratne, TissaWilliams, Hywel C.Wiysonge, Charles SheyWoldeyes, Belete GetahunWolfe, Charles D. A.Woodbrook, RachelWoolf, Anthony D.Workicho, AbdulhalikXavier, DenisXu, GelinYadgir, SimonYaghoubi, MohsenYakob, BereketYan, Lijing L.Yano, YuichiroYe, PengpengYihdego, Mahari GideyYimam, Hassen HamidYip, PaulYonemoto, NaohiroYoon, Seok-JunYotebieng, MarcelYounis, Mustafa Z.Yu, ChuanhuaZaidi, ZoubidaZaki, Maysaa El SayedZegeye, Elias AsfawZenebe, Zerihun MenlkalewZhang, XueyingZheng, YingfengZhou, MaigengZipkin, BenZodpey, SanjayZoeckler, LeoZuhlke, Liesl JoannaMurray, Christopher J. L.PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUMAFRICAHIVEPIDEMIOLOGYASSOCIATIONPREVALENCETRANSITIONMORTALITYTHERAPYWEIGHTSBackground Measurement of changes in health across locations is useful to compare and contrast changing epidemiological patterns against health system performance and identify specific needs for resource allocation in research, policy development, and programme decision making. Using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we drew from two widely used summary measures to monitor such changes in population health: disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and healthy life expectancy (HALE). We used these measures to track trends and benchmark progress compared with expected trends on the basis of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Methods We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE and DALYs by sex for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016. We calculated DALYs by summing years of life lost and years of life lived with disability for each location, age group, sex, and year. We estimated HALE using age-specific death rates and years of life lived with disability per capita. We explored how DALYs and HALE differed from expected trends when compared with the SDI: the geometric mean of income per person, educational attainment in the population older than age 15 years, and total fertility rate. Findings The highest globally observed HALE at birth for both women and men was in Singapore, at 75.2 years (95% uncertainty interval 71.9-78.6) for females and 72.0 years (68.8-75.1) for males. The lowest for females was in the Central African Republic (45.6 years [42.0-49.5]) and for males was in Lesotho (41.5 years [39.0-44.0]). From 1990 to 2016, global HALE increased by an average of 6.24 years (5.97-6.48) for both sexes combined. Global HALE increased by 6.04 years (5.74-6.27) for males and 6.49 years (6.08-6.77) for females, whereas HALE at age 65 years increased by 1.78 years (1.61-1.93) for males and 1.96 years (1.69-2.13) for females. Total global DALYs remained largely unchanged from 1990 to 2016 (-2.3% [-5.9 to 0.9]), with decreases in communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional (CMNN) disease DALYs offset by increased DALYs due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The exemplars, calculated as the five lowest ratios of observed to expected age-standardised DALY rates in 2016, were Nicaragua, Costa Rica, the Maldives, Peru, and Israel. The leading three causes of DALYs globally were ischaemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and lower respiratory infections, comprising 16.1% of all DALYs. Total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rates due to most CMNN causes decreased from 1990 to 2016. Conversely, the total DALY burden rose for most NCDs; however, age-standardised DALY rates due to NCDs declined globally. Interpretation At a global level, DALYs and HALE continue to show improvements. At the same time, we observe that many populations are facing growing functional health loss. Rising SDI was associated with increases in cumulative years of life lived with disability and decreases in CMNN DALYs offset by increased NCD DALYs. Relative compression of morbidity highlights the importance of continued health interventions, which has changed in most locations in pace with the gross domestic product per person, education, and family planning. The analysis of DALYs and HALE and their relationship to SDI represents a robust framework with which to benchmark location-specific health performance. Country-specific drivers of disease burden, particularly for causes with higher-than-expected DALYs, should inform health policies, health system improvement initiatives, targeted prevention efforts, and development assistance for health, including financial and research investments for all countries, regardless of their level of sociodemographic development. The presence of countries that substantially outperform others suggests the need for increased scrutiny for proven examples of best practices, which can help to extend gains, whereas the presence of underperforming countries suggests the need for devotion of extra attention to health systems that need more robust support. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC2017info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionhttps://fsjd.fundanetsuite.com/Publicaciones/ProdCientif/PublicacionFrw.aspx?id=23917LANCETISSN: 01406736ISSNe: 1474547Xreponame:r-FSJD. Repositorio Institucional de Producción Científica de la Fundació Sant Joan de Déuinstname:Fundació Sant Joan de DéuInglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:fsjd.fundanetsuite.com:p239172026-05-27T12:37:41Z
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Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

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