Adaptive cell-based evacuation systems for leader-follower crowd evacuation

The challenge of controlling crowd movement at large events expands not only to the realm of emergency evacuations but also to improving non-critical conditions related to operational efficiency and comfort. In both cases, it becomes necessary to develop adaptive crowd motion control systems. In par...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: López Carmona, Miguel Ángel|||0000-0001-9228-1863, Paricio García, Álvaro|||0000-0002-9162-4147
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)
Repositorio:e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ebuah.uah.es:10017/51788
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10017/51788
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2022.103699
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Crowd evacuation
Leader-based evacuation
Exit-choice decision-making
Simulation–optimization
Cell-based evacuation
Evacuation safety
Automatización
Automation
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spelling Adaptive cell-based evacuation systems for leader-follower crowd evacuationLópez Carmona, Miguel Ángel|||0000-0001-9228-1863Paricio García, Álvaro|||0000-0002-9162-4147Crowd evacuationLeader-based evacuationExit-choice decision-makingSimulation–optimizationCell-based evacuationEvacuation safetyAutomatizaciónAutomationThe challenge of controlling crowd movement at large events expands not only to the realm of emergency evacuations but also to improving non-critical conditions related to operational efficiency and comfort. In both cases, it becomes necessary to develop adaptive crowd motion control systems. In particular, adaptive cell-based crowd evacuation systems dynamically generate exit-choice recommendations favoring a coordinated group dynamic that improves safety and evacuation time. We investigate the viability of using this mechanism to develop a ‘‘leader-follower’’ evacuation system in which a trained evacuation staff guides evacuees safely to the exit gates. To validate the proposal, we use a simulation–optimization framework integrating microscopic simulation. Evacuees’ behavior has been modeled using a three-layered architecture that includes eligibility, exit-choice changing, and exit-choice models, calibrated with hypothetical-choice experiments. As a significant contribution of this work, the proposed behavior models capture the influence of leaders on evacuees, which is translated into exitchoice decisions and the adaptation of speed. This influence can be easily modulated to evaluate the evacuation efficiency under different evacuation scenarios and evacuees’ behavior profiles. When measuring the efficiency of the evacuation processes, particular attention has been paid to safety by using pedestrian Macroscopic Fundamental Diagrams (p-MFD), which model the crowd movement dynamics from a macroscopic perspective. The spatiotemporal view of the evacuation performance in the form of crowd-pressure vs. density values allowed us to evaluate and compare safety in different evacuation scenarios reasonably and consistently. Experimental results confirm the viability of using adaptive cell-based crowd evacuation systems as a guidance tool to be used by evacuation staff to guide evacuees. Interestingly, we found that evacuation staff motion speed plays a crucial role in balancing egress time and safety. Thus, it is expected that by instructing evacuation staff to move at a predefined speed, we can reach the desired balance between evacuation time, accident probability, and comfort.Elsevier20222022-05-04journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501NAhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttp://hdl.handle.net/10017/51788https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2022.103699reponame:e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcaláinstname:Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:ebuah.uah.es:10017/517882026-06-18T11:13:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Adaptive cell-based evacuation systems for leader-follower crowd evacuation
title Adaptive cell-based evacuation systems for leader-follower crowd evacuation
spellingShingle Adaptive cell-based evacuation systems for leader-follower crowd evacuation
López Carmona, Miguel Ángel|||0000-0001-9228-1863
Crowd evacuation
Leader-based evacuation
Exit-choice decision-making
Simulation–optimization
Cell-based evacuation
Evacuation safety
Automatización
Automation
title_short Adaptive cell-based evacuation systems for leader-follower crowd evacuation
title_full Adaptive cell-based evacuation systems for leader-follower crowd evacuation
title_fullStr Adaptive cell-based evacuation systems for leader-follower crowd evacuation
title_full_unstemmed Adaptive cell-based evacuation systems for leader-follower crowd evacuation
title_sort Adaptive cell-based evacuation systems for leader-follower crowd evacuation
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv López Carmona, Miguel Ángel|||0000-0001-9228-1863
Paricio García, Álvaro|||0000-0002-9162-4147
author López Carmona, Miguel Ángel|||0000-0001-9228-1863
author_facet López Carmona, Miguel Ángel|||0000-0001-9228-1863
Paricio García, Álvaro|||0000-0002-9162-4147
author_role author
author2 Paricio García, Álvaro|||0000-0002-9162-4147
author2_role author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Crowd evacuation
Leader-based evacuation
Exit-choice decision-making
Simulation–optimization
Cell-based evacuation
Evacuation safety
Automatización
Automation
topic Crowd evacuation
Leader-based evacuation
Exit-choice decision-making
Simulation–optimization
Cell-based evacuation
Evacuation safety
Automatización
Automation
description The challenge of controlling crowd movement at large events expands not only to the realm of emergency evacuations but also to improving non-critical conditions related to operational efficiency and comfort. In both cases, it becomes necessary to develop adaptive crowd motion control systems. In particular, adaptive cell-based crowd evacuation systems dynamically generate exit-choice recommendations favoring a coordinated group dynamic that improves safety and evacuation time. We investigate the viability of using this mechanism to develop a ‘‘leader-follower’’ evacuation system in which a trained evacuation staff guides evacuees safely to the exit gates. To validate the proposal, we use a simulation–optimization framework integrating microscopic simulation. Evacuees’ behavior has been modeled using a three-layered architecture that includes eligibility, exit-choice changing, and exit-choice models, calibrated with hypothetical-choice experiments. As a significant contribution of this work, the proposed behavior models capture the influence of leaders on evacuees, which is translated into exitchoice decisions and the adaptation of speed. This influence can be easily modulated to evaluate the evacuation efficiency under different evacuation scenarios and evacuees’ behavior profiles. When measuring the efficiency of the evacuation processes, particular attention has been paid to safety by using pedestrian Macroscopic Fundamental Diagrams (p-MFD), which model the crowd movement dynamics from a macroscopic perspective. The spatiotemporal view of the evacuation performance in the form of crowd-pressure vs. density values allowed us to evaluate and compare safety in different evacuation scenarios reasonably and consistently. Experimental results confirm the viability of using adaptive cell-based crowd evacuation systems as a guidance tool to be used by evacuation staff to guide evacuees. Interestingly, we found that evacuation staff motion speed plays a crucial role in balancing egress time and safety. Thus, it is expected that by instructing evacuation staff to move at a predefined speed, we can reach the desired balance between evacuation time, accident probability, and comfort.
publishDate 2022
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2022
2022-05-04
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
NA
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_be7fb7dd8ff6fe43
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://hdl.handle.net/10017/51788
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2022.103699
url http://hdl.handle.net/10017/51788
https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trc.2022.103699
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Elsevier
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá
instname:Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)
instname_str Universidad de Alcalá (UAH)
reponame_str e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá
collection e_Buah Biblioteca Digital Universidad de Alcalá
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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