Face-brain correlates as potential sex-specific biomarkers for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Given the shared ectodermal origin and integrated development of the face and the brain, facial biomarkers emerge as potential candidates to assess vulnerability for disorders in which neurodevelopment is compromised, such as schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). The sample comprised 188 ind...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Martínez Abadías, Neus, 1978-, Fatjó-Vilas Mestre, Mar, Hostalet, Noemí, González, Alejandro, González Colom, Rubèn, Salgado Pineda, Pilar, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick J., Aguirre, Candibel, Guerrero Pedraza, Amalia, Llanos Torres, María, Salvador, Raymond, Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Sevillano, Xavier
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Barcelona
Repositorio:Dipòsit Digital de la UB
OAI Identifier:oai:diposit.ub.edu:2445/224765
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2445/224765
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Esquizofrènia
Marcadors bioquímics
Schizophrenia
Biochemical markers
Descripción
Sumario:Given the shared ectodermal origin and integrated development of the face and the brain, facial biomarkers emerge as potential candidates to assess vulnerability for disorders in which neurodevelopment is compromised, such as schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). The sample comprised 188 individuals (67 SZ patients, 46 BD patients and 75 healthy controls (HC)). Using a landmark-based approach on 3D facial reconstructions, we quantified global and local facial shape differences between SZ/BD patients and HC using geometric morphometrics. We also assessed correlations between facial and brain cortical measures. All analyses were performed separately by sex. Diagnosis explained 4.1 % - 5.9 % of global facial shape variance in males and females with SZ, and 4.5 % - 4.1 % in BD. Regarding local facial shape, we detected 43.2 % of significantly different distances in males and 47.4 % in females with SZ as compared to HC, whereas in BD the percentages decreased to 35.8 % and 26.8 %, respectively. We detected that brain area and volume significantly explained 2.2 % and 2 % of facial shape variance in the male SZ - HC sample. Our results support facial shape as a neurodevelopmental marker for SZ and BD and reveal sex-specific pathophysiological mechanisms modulating the interplay between the brain and the face.

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