A multi-period, multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design: integrated economic and environmental optimization

[EN] This study proposes a novel multi-period, multi-product, and multi-echelon closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) model that simultaneously addresses economic and environmental objectives under dynamic demand and return conditions. Formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model, the fra...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Nakhaeinejad, Mahdi
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
Repositorio:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:riunet.upv.es:10251/232244
Acceso en línea:https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/232244
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Closed-loop supply chain
Multi-period planning
Environmental performance
Clean technology
Multi-objective optimization
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repository_id_str
spelling A multi-period, multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design: integrated economic and environmental optimizationNakhaeinejad, MahdiClosed-loop supply chainMulti-period planningEnvironmental performanceClean technologyMulti-objective optimization[EN] This study proposes a novel multi-period, multi-product, and multi-echelon closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) model that simultaneously addresses economic and environmental objectives under dynamic demand and return conditions. Formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model, the framework incorporates key operational decisions including facility location, production planning, inventory control, recovery, and disposal while integrating sustainability factors such as the use of clean technologies and environmentally friendly materials. A weighted sum approach is applied to generate Pareto-optimal solutions, enabling decision-makers to explore trade-offs between cost minimization and environmental performance. The model is validated through a numerical example, and a detailed sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess the impact of critical parameters on supply chain behavior. The results reveal that while sustainability initiatives may increase operational costs, strategic planning and capacity optimization can achieve effective cost-environment trade-offs. The proposed model offers a comprehensive and practical decision-support tool for designing efficient and sustainable CLSC systems, contributing to both academic research and real-world supply chain practice.Universitat Politècnica de ValènciaRepositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politècnica de València Riunet20262026-01-31journal articlehttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501VoRhttp://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85info:eu-repo/semantics/articleapplication/pdfhttps://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/232244reponame:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valénciainstname:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)Inglésengopen accesshttp://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Reconocimiento - No comercial - Compartir igual (by-nc-sa) http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:riunet.upv.es:10251/2322442026-06-13T07:49:27Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv A multi-period, multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design: integrated economic and environmental optimization
title A multi-period, multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design: integrated economic and environmental optimization
spellingShingle A multi-period, multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design: integrated economic and environmental optimization
Nakhaeinejad, Mahdi
Closed-loop supply chain
Multi-period planning
Environmental performance
Clean technology
Multi-objective optimization
title_short A multi-period, multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design: integrated economic and environmental optimization
title_full A multi-period, multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design: integrated economic and environmental optimization
title_fullStr A multi-period, multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design: integrated economic and environmental optimization
title_full_unstemmed A multi-period, multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design: integrated economic and environmental optimization
title_sort A multi-period, multi-product closed-loop supply chain network design: integrated economic and environmental optimization
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Nakhaeinejad, Mahdi
author Nakhaeinejad, Mahdi
author_facet Nakhaeinejad, Mahdi
author_role author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politècnica de València Riunet
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Closed-loop supply chain
Multi-period planning
Environmental performance
Clean technology
Multi-objective optimization
topic Closed-loop supply chain
Multi-period planning
Environmental performance
Clean technology
Multi-objective optimization
description [EN] This study proposes a novel multi-period, multi-product, and multi-echelon closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) model that simultaneously addresses economic and environmental objectives under dynamic demand and return conditions. Formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model, the framework incorporates key operational decisions including facility location, production planning, inventory control, recovery, and disposal while integrating sustainability factors such as the use of clean technologies and environmentally friendly materials. A weighted sum approach is applied to generate Pareto-optimal solutions, enabling decision-makers to explore trade-offs between cost minimization and environmental performance. The model is validated through a numerical example, and a detailed sensitivity analysis is conducted to assess the impact of critical parameters on supply chain behavior. The results reveal that while sustainability initiatives may increase operational costs, strategic planning and capacity optimization can achieve effective cost-environment trade-offs. The proposed model offers a comprehensive and practical decision-support tool for designing efficient and sustainable CLSC systems, contributing to both academic research and real-world supply chain practice.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
2026-01-31
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv journal article
http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501
VoR
http://purl.org/coar/version/c_970fb48d4fbd8a85
dc.type.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
format article
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/232244
url https://riunet.upv.es/handle/10251/232244
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
eng
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
language eng
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Compartir igual (by-nc-sa)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
dc.rights.openaire.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv open access
http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Compartir igual (by-nc-sa)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universitat Politècnica de València
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universitat Politècnica de València
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
instname:Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
instname_str Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV)
reponame_str RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
collection RiuNet. Repositorio Institucional de la Universitat Politécnica de Valéncia
repository.name.fl_str_mv
repository.mail.fl_str_mv
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score 15,81155

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