The ansa cervicalis and superior cervical ganglion contribute to the fiber composition of the human hypoglossal nerve and its branches

The hypoglossal nerve is considered a pure motor nerve. Yet, there are indications that it contains sensory and sympathetic fibers in the periphery. We analyzed changes in the fiber composition along the human hypoglossal nerve, delineating the pathways through which non-motor fibers enter this nerv...

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Autores: Didava, Giorgi, Petersen, Arzu, Carrero Rojas, Génova, Pruidze, Paata, Pastor Loro, Ángel Manuel, Weninger, Wolfgang J., Blumer, Roland
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2026
País:España
Institución:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
Repositorio:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
OAI Identifier:oai:dnet:idus________::9f9217ef7b2f1bbe810797c0dc11a0f1
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/11441/185058
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-35792-z
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Human hypoglossal nerve
Ansa cervicalis
Sensory fibers
Sympathetic fibers
Immunofluorescence
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation
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spelling The ansa cervicalis and superior cervical ganglion contribute to the fiber composition of the human hypoglossal nerve and its branchesDidava, GiorgiPetersen, ArzuCarrero Rojas, GénovaPruidze, PaataPastor Loro, Ángel ManuelWeninger, Wolfgang J.Blumer, RolandHuman hypoglossal nerveAnsa cervicalisSensory fibersSympathetic fibersImmunofluorescenceHypoglossal nerve stimulationThe hypoglossal nerve is considered a pure motor nerve. Yet, there are indications that it contains sensory and sympathetic fibers in the periphery. We analyzed changes in the fiber composition along the human hypoglossal nerve, delineating the pathways through which non-motor fibers enter this nerve and describing the direction in which these fibers extend. Five key positions along the nerve were selected for fiber analyses. Position 1 was intracranial. Positions 2–5 were extracranial and in relation to the C1 component of the ansa cervicalis, which is attached to the hypoglossal nerve. Nerve samples were subjected to multicolor immunofluorescence and quantitative analyses. Intracranially, all axons of the hypoglossal nerve were motor. The extracranial portion of the hypoglossal nerve has a mixed fibers composition of motor, sensory, and sympathetic fibers. The number of all types of fibers increased, reaching a maximum after the C1 component of the ansa branched off from the hypoglossal nerve. At this position, the proportion of motor fibers, sensory fibers, and sympathetic fibers was 63: 11: 26. Our findings suggest that sensory and sympathetic fibers enter the hypoglossal nerve via the ansa cervicalis. Most fibers extend in a distal direction, reaching the tongue, while a smaller number extend in a proximal direction, most likely to become integrated in the meningeal branch of thehypoglossal nerve.Nature ResearchFisiología2026info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfapplication/pdfhttps://hdl.handle.net/11441/185058https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-35792-zreponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevillainstname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)InglésScientific Reports, 16, 5889. info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:dnet:idus________::9f9217ef7b2f1bbe810797c0dc11a0f12026-06-17T12:51:07Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv The ansa cervicalis and superior cervical ganglion contribute to the fiber composition of the human hypoglossal nerve and its branches
title The ansa cervicalis and superior cervical ganglion contribute to the fiber composition of the human hypoglossal nerve and its branches
spellingShingle The ansa cervicalis and superior cervical ganglion contribute to the fiber composition of the human hypoglossal nerve and its branches
Didava, Giorgi
Human hypoglossal nerve
Ansa cervicalis
Sensory fibers
Sympathetic fibers
Immunofluorescence
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation
title_short The ansa cervicalis and superior cervical ganglion contribute to the fiber composition of the human hypoglossal nerve and its branches
title_full The ansa cervicalis and superior cervical ganglion contribute to the fiber composition of the human hypoglossal nerve and its branches
title_fullStr The ansa cervicalis and superior cervical ganglion contribute to the fiber composition of the human hypoglossal nerve and its branches
title_full_unstemmed The ansa cervicalis and superior cervical ganglion contribute to the fiber composition of the human hypoglossal nerve and its branches
title_sort The ansa cervicalis and superior cervical ganglion contribute to the fiber composition of the human hypoglossal nerve and its branches
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Didava, Giorgi
Petersen, Arzu
Carrero Rojas, Génova
Pruidze, Paata
Pastor Loro, Ángel Manuel
Weninger, Wolfgang J.
Blumer, Roland
author Didava, Giorgi
author_facet Didava, Giorgi
Petersen, Arzu
Carrero Rojas, Génova
Pruidze, Paata
Pastor Loro, Ángel Manuel
Weninger, Wolfgang J.
Blumer, Roland
author_role author
author2 Petersen, Arzu
Carrero Rojas, Génova
Pruidze, Paata
Pastor Loro, Ángel Manuel
Weninger, Wolfgang J.
Blumer, Roland
author2_role author
author
author
author
author
author
dc.contributor.none.fl_str_mv Fisiología
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Human hypoglossal nerve
Ansa cervicalis
Sensory fibers
Sympathetic fibers
Immunofluorescence
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation
topic Human hypoglossal nerve
Ansa cervicalis
Sensory fibers
Sympathetic fibers
Immunofluorescence
Hypoglossal nerve stimulation
description The hypoglossal nerve is considered a pure motor nerve. Yet, there are indications that it contains sensory and sympathetic fibers in the periphery. We analyzed changes in the fiber composition along the human hypoglossal nerve, delineating the pathways through which non-motor fibers enter this nerve and describing the direction in which these fibers extend. Five key positions along the nerve were selected for fiber analyses. Position 1 was intracranial. Positions 2–5 were extracranial and in relation to the C1 component of the ansa cervicalis, which is attached to the hypoglossal nerve. Nerve samples were subjected to multicolor immunofluorescence and quantitative analyses. Intracranially, all axons of the hypoglossal nerve were motor. The extracranial portion of the hypoglossal nerve has a mixed fibers composition of motor, sensory, and sympathetic fibers. The number of all types of fibers increased, reaching a maximum after the C1 component of the ansa branched off from the hypoglossal nerve. At this position, the proportion of motor fibers, sensory fibers, and sympathetic fibers was 63: 11: 26. Our findings suggest that sensory and sympathetic fibers enter the hypoglossal nerve via the ansa cervicalis. Most fibers extend in a distal direction, reaching the tongue, while a smaller number extend in a proximal direction, most likely to become integrated in the meningeal branch of thehypoglossal nerve.
publishDate 2026
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2026
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/11441/185058
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-35792-z
url https://hdl.handle.net/11441/185058
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-35792-z
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv Scientific Reports, 16, 5889.
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Research
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Nature Research
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
instname:Universidad de Sevilla (US)
instname_str Universidad de Sevilla (US)
reponame_str idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
collection idUS. Depósito de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla
repository.name.fl_str_mv
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