The relationship between fixation stability and retinal structural parameters in children with anisometropic, strabismic and mixed amblyopia

Background: Amblyopia is an ocular condition leading to structural and functional changes. The relationship between these changes is complex and remains poorly understood. (2) Methods: Participants included 31 children aged 5 to 9 years with strabismic (n = 9), anisometropic (n = 16) and mixed (n =...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Mompart Martínez, Raquel, Argilés Sans, Marc|||0000-0001-5474-9832, Cardona Torradeflot, Genís|||0000-0002-4770-8992, Cavero Roig, Lluís, González Sanchís, Lluís, Pighin, Maria S
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:España
Institución:Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC)
Repositorio:UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/393249
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/2117/393249
https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13071517
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Vision disorders in children
Amblyopia DEM
Estrabisme
Retina -- Diseases
Amblyopia
Fixation stability
Retinal microvasculature
Macular thickness
Macular volume
Stereoacuity
Strabismus
Anisometropia
Trastorns de la visió en els infants
Ambliopia
Retina -- Malalties
Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Ciències de la visió
Descripción
Sumario:Background: Amblyopia is an ocular condition leading to structural and functional changes. The relationship between these changes is complex and remains poorly understood. (2) Methods: Participants included 31 children aged 5 to 9 years with strabismic (n = 9), anisometropic (n = 16) and mixed (n = 6) unilateral amblyopia, and 14 age-matched non-amblyopic children. The 95% and 63% Bivariate Contour Ellipse Area (BCEA), axial length, Foveal Avascular Zone (FAZ) area, center macular thickness and volume were assessed. The relationship between these parameters was explored. (3) Results: Statistically significant differences were found among the four groups in best corrected distance visual acuity (BCVA) (p < 0.001), BCEA 95% (p = 0.002) and BCEA 63% (p = 0.002), but not in the FAZ area, central macular thickness, central macular volume and axial length. Eyes with amblyopia had poorer BCVA and larger fixation instability than controls. Inter-ocular differences were more significant in patients with strabismic amblyopia, particularly in BCVA (p = 0.003), central macular thickness (p < 0.001) and central macular volume (p = 0.002). In amblyopic eyes, BCEA 95% and 63% were correlated with BCVA, but not with the FAZ area. (4) Conclusion: Amblyopia is associated with a reduction in fixation stability and BCVA, although there is a general lack of correlation with structural changes, suggesting a complex interaction between anatomy and function in amblyopia.