Antigenic changes in influenza A(H3N2) driven by genetic evolution: Insights from virological surveillance, EU/EEA, week 40/2023 to week 9/2024
Background: During the 2023/24 influenza season in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA), influenza viruses A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses were co-circulating. Aim: We aimed to describe the circulating influenza viruses by (sub)type, genetic clade, antigenic group and anti...
| Autores: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) |
| Repositorio: | Repisalud |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repisalud.isciii.es:20.500.12105/26419 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12105/26419 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Europe Genetic Influenza Surveillance Antigens, Viral Antiviral Agents European Union Evolution, Molecular Humans Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype Influenza B virus Influenza, Human Phylogeny Population Surveillance Seasons Sentinel Surveillance |
| Resumo: | Background: During the 2023/24 influenza season in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA), influenza viruses A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B/Victoria viruses were co-circulating. Aim: We aimed to describe the circulating influenza viruses by (sub)type, genetic clade, antigenic group and antiviral susceptibility in that season in the EU/EEA. Methods: We collected surveillance data from EU/EEA countries through weekly submissions to The European Surveillance System (TESSy). Data were submitted in strain-based format for weeks 40/2023 to 9/2024. Results: Twenty-nine EU/EEA countries reported 154,718 influenza virus detections (primary care sentinel and non-sentinel combined), of which 97% (150,692) were type A and 3% (4,026) were type B. Of the subtyped influenza A viruses, 30,463 (75%) were influenza A(H1)pdm09 and 10,174 (25%) were influenza A(H3). For 809 (20%) of the type B viruses, the lineage was determined; all were B/Victoria/2/87 lineage, and none were B/Yamagata/16/88 lineage. Genetic diversification of seasonal influenza viruses continued, and clade 5a.2a of A(H1N1)pdm09, 2a.3a.1 of A(H3N2) and V1A.3a.2 of B/Victoria-lineage viruses dominated. Of the A(H3N2) 2a.3a.1 viruses, 23% were antigenically distinct from the 2023/24 vaccine virus. Conclusion: The 2023/24 influenza season was characterised by co-circulation of different influenza (sub)types, antigenically similar to the components recommended for the 2023/24 northern hemisphere vaccine, A/Victoria/4897/2022 (egg-based) and A/Wisconsin/67/2022 (cell culture- or recombinant-based). However, genetic diversification of the viruses continued. The World Health Organization's vaccine recommendations for the northern hemisphere 2024/25 season were updated to include a new A(H3N2) component, while maintaining the current A(H1N1)pdm09 and B/Victoria components. |
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