Advanced binary guanosine and guanosine 5'-monophosphate cell-laden hydrogels for soft tissue reconstruction by 3D bioprinting
Soft tissue defects or pathologies frequently necessitate theuse of biomaterials that provide the volume required for subsequentvascularization and tissue formation as autrografts are not always afeasible alternative. Supramolecular hydrogels represent promisingcandidates because of their 3D structu...
| Autores: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | artículo |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2023 |
| País: | España |
| Recursos: | Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC) |
| Repositorio: | UPCommons. Portal del coneixement obert de la UPC |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:upcommons.upc.edu:2117/422975 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://hdl.handle.net/2117/422975 https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c23277 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Nucleoside-based hydrogels Guanosine and derivatives 3D bioprinting Cell-laden hydrogels Printable hydrogels Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Enginyeria biomèdica::Biomaterials |
| Resumo: | Soft tissue defects or pathologies frequently necessitate theuse of biomaterials that provide the volume required for subsequentvascularization and tissue formation as autrografts are not always afeasible alternative. Supramolecular hydrogels represent promisingcandidates because of their 3D structure, which resembles the nativeextracellular matrix, and their capacity to entrap and sustain living cells.Guanosine-based hydrogels have emerged as prime candidates in recentyears since the nucleoside self-assembles into well-ordered structures likeG-quadruplexes by coordinating K+ ions and p-p stacking, ultimatelyforming an extensive nanofibrillar network. However, such compositionswere frequently inappropriate for 3D printing due to material spreadingand low shape stability over time. Thus, the present work aimed todevelop a binary cell-laden hydrogel capable of ensuring cell survival while providing enough stability to ensure scaffoldbiointegration during soft tissue reconstruction. For that purpose, a binary hydrogel made of guanosine and guanosine 5'-monophosphate was optimized, rat mesenchymal stem cells were entrapped, and the composition was bioprinted. To furtherincrease stability, the printed structure was coated with hyperbranched polyethylenimine. Scanning electron microscopic studiesdemonstrated an extensive nanofibrillar network, indicating excellent G-quadruplex formation, and rheological analysis confirmedgood printing and thixotropic qualities. Additionally, diffusion tests using fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled-dextran (70, 500, and2000 kDa) showed that nutrients of various molecular weights may diffuse through the hydrogel scaffold. Finally, cells were evenlydistributed throughout the printed scaffold, cell survival was 85% after 21 days, and lipid droplet formation was observed after 7 daysunder adipogenic conditions, indicating successful differentiation and proper cell functioning. To conclude, such hydrogels mayenable the 3D bioprinting of customized scaffolds perfectly matching the respective soft tissue defect, thereby potentially improvingthe outcome of the tissue reconstruction intervention. |
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