Land‑ and Skyscapes of Hegra: An Archaeoastronomical Analysis of the Nabataean Necropoleis

The archaeological World Heritage Site of Hegra (Mada´in Salih, Al-Hijr), in Saudi Arabia, is often considered the southern capital of the Nabataean Kingdom. Positioned just northeast of the AlUla Valley (where ancient Dadan is located), the Nabataeans recreated several aspects of their northern cap...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Belmonte, Juan Antonio, González García, A. César, AlMushawh, Munirah A., Urrutia Aparicio, Maitane, Rodríguez Antón, Andrea
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:España
Institución:Universidad Europea (UEM)
Repositorio:ABACUS. Repositorio de Producción Científica
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:abacus.universidadeuropea.com:11268/12760
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/11268/12760
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Diseño del paisaje
Arqueología
Astronomía
Goal 11: Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Descripción
Sumario:The archaeological World Heritage Site of Hegra (Mada´in Salih, Al-Hijr), in Saudi Arabia, is often considered the southern capital of the Nabataean Kingdom. Positioned just northeast of the AlUla Valley (where ancient Dadan is located), the Nabataeans recreated several aspects of their northern capital, Petra. They carved more than 130 tombs into the sandstone outcrops of which nearly a hundred had a monumental character with ornate façades of exceptional beauty and deep sense of enduring. In February 2023, our international, multidisciplinary research team conducted a feld campaign in Hegra. Our objective was to measure the orientation of Nabataean tombs and sanctuaries in the area, which could ofer new clues to aspects of Nabataean culture and religion that we had studied in earlier works at Petra, and elsewhere in Nabataea. This paper includes the analysis and interpretation of the data on the orientation of 113 tombs, including all monumental ones, the largest coherent set of Nabataean tombs ever analyzed. The results show that the tombs were not randomly orientated but followed a series of patterns, most probably emphasizing the skyscape, within the framework of the Nabataean lunisolar calendar religious festivals, and, on occasions, also the local landscape.