Gradient high-performance thin-layer chromatography for characterizing complex hydrocarbon-containing products

Classic saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) analysis has long enabled the chromatographic separation of complex hydrocarbon-containing products into these four families. This simplification often does not provide sufficient or correct information on the relationship between the comp...

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Authors: Jarne, Carmen, Cebolla, Vicente L., Membrado, Luis, Escuín, José M., Vela, Jesús
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2023
Country:España
Institution:Universidad de Zaragoza
Repository:Zaguán. Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Zaragoza
OAI Identifier:oai:zaguan.unizar.es:129887
Online Access:http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/129887
Access Level:Open access
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spelling Gradient high-performance thin-layer chromatography for characterizing complex hydrocarbon-containing productsJarne, CarmenCebolla, Vicente L.Membrado, LuisEscuín, José M.Vela, JesúsClassic saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) analysis has long enabled the chromatographic separation of complex hydrocarbon-containing products into these four families. This simplification often does not provide sufficient or correct information on the relationship between the composition of the products and the process variables studied. The obtention of profiles by gradient automated multiple development (AMD) is an interesting alternative to obtain extended SARA separations with increasing level of complexity for heavy petroleum products that adequately represent the entirety of the sample. An optimized 20-step gradient based on tetrahydrofuran (THF)‒dichloromethane‒n-heptane over a total migration distance of 83 mm is proposed here to characterize all types of heavy oil products. The combination of ultraviolet (UV)–densitometry (at 201, 228, and 273 nm), fluorescence detection by intensity changes using berberine cation, together with on-plate recording of UV spectra of separated peaks and the comparison with those of standards, allow for a deep characterization of chemical families. In the apolar zone of the chromatogram saturates, naphthenes, naphteno-aromatics, alkyl-aromatics, and aromatics with different degrees of condensation are detected. The use of THF, both in the plate precleaning stage and in the first stages of the gradient, is responsible for the satisfactory resolution of the resins in the polar zone. AMD chromatographic zones can be related to peaks from hydrocarbon groups in classical SARA. The application of this gradient to different types of products allowed for the relation of the profiles of bitumen to their origin, differentiation of the resin part trapped in asphaltenes, control performance of deasphalting in hydrorefining products, and the control of the composition of base oils.2023info:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdfhttp://zaguan.unizar.es/record/129887reponame:Zaguán. Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Zaragozainstname:Universidad de ZaragozaInglésinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessoai:zaguan.unizar.es:1298872026-05-29T13:59:51Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Gradient high-performance thin-layer chromatography for characterizing complex hydrocarbon-containing products
title Gradient high-performance thin-layer chromatography for characterizing complex hydrocarbon-containing products
spellingShingle Gradient high-performance thin-layer chromatography for characterizing complex hydrocarbon-containing products
Jarne, Carmen
title_short Gradient high-performance thin-layer chromatography for characterizing complex hydrocarbon-containing products
title_full Gradient high-performance thin-layer chromatography for characterizing complex hydrocarbon-containing products
title_fullStr Gradient high-performance thin-layer chromatography for characterizing complex hydrocarbon-containing products
title_full_unstemmed Gradient high-performance thin-layer chromatography for characterizing complex hydrocarbon-containing products
title_sort Gradient high-performance thin-layer chromatography for characterizing complex hydrocarbon-containing products
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Jarne, Carmen
Cebolla, Vicente L.
Membrado, Luis
Escuín, José M.
Vela, Jesús
author Jarne, Carmen
author_facet Jarne, Carmen
Cebolla, Vicente L.
Membrado, Luis
Escuín, José M.
Vela, Jesús
author_role author
author2 Cebolla, Vicente L.
Membrado, Luis
Escuín, José M.
Vela, Jesús
author2_role author
author
author
author
description Classic saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes (SARA) analysis has long enabled the chromatographic separation of complex hydrocarbon-containing products into these four families. This simplification often does not provide sufficient or correct information on the relationship between the composition of the products and the process variables studied. The obtention of profiles by gradient automated multiple development (AMD) is an interesting alternative to obtain extended SARA separations with increasing level of complexity for heavy petroleum products that adequately represent the entirety of the sample. An optimized 20-step gradient based on tetrahydrofuran (THF)‒dichloromethane‒n-heptane over a total migration distance of 83 mm is proposed here to characterize all types of heavy oil products. The combination of ultraviolet (UV)–densitometry (at 201, 228, and 273 nm), fluorescence detection by intensity changes using berberine cation, together with on-plate recording of UV spectra of separated peaks and the comparison with those of standards, allow for a deep characterization of chemical families. In the apolar zone of the chromatogram saturates, naphthenes, naphteno-aromatics, alkyl-aromatics, and aromatics with different degrees of condensation are detected. The use of THF, both in the plate precleaning stage and in the first stages of the gradient, is responsible for the satisfactory resolution of the resins in the polar zone. AMD chromatographic zones can be related to peaks from hydrocarbon groups in classical SARA. The application of this gradient to different types of products allowed for the relation of the profiles of bitumen to their origin, differentiation of the resin part trapped in asphaltenes, control performance of deasphalting in hydrorefining products, and the control of the composition of base oils.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/129887
url http://zaguan.unizar.es/record/129887
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv Inglés
language_invalid_str_mv Inglés
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
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dc.source.none.fl_str_mv reponame:Zaguán. Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Zaragoza
instname:Universidad de Zaragoza
instname_str Universidad de Zaragoza
reponame_str Zaguán. Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Zaragoza
collection Zaguán. Repositorio Digital de la Universidad de Zaragoza
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