Soil compaction produced by traffic machinery: effect on soil cutting effort and maize yield (Zea mayz L.)

Soil compaction and the effects of crop residues of maize (Zea mays L.) on seedling emergence and yields in three different tillage methods were evaluated. The study was conducted during four growing seasons on a Typical Argiudoll soil. The variables measured were: Cone Index, the root dry matter pe...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Martiren, Virginia Susana, Fonterosa, Roberto Andrés, Lastra-Bravo, Xavier Bolívar, Botta, Guido Fernando
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2016
País:Ecuador
Institución:Universidad Central del Ecuador
Repositorio:Revista Siembra
Idioma:español
OAI Identifier:oai:revistadigital.uce.edu.ec:article/256
Acceso en línea:https://revistadigital.uce.edu.ec/index.php/SIEMBRA/article/view/256
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Sembradoras
siembra directa
cobertura del suelo
índice de cono
arado de reja y vertedera
arado escarificador de cinceles
Planters
direct sowing
soil residue cover
cone index
moldboard plow
chisel plow
Descripción
Sumario:Soil compaction and the effects of crop residues of maize (Zea mays L.) on seedling emergence and yields in three different tillage methods were evaluated. The study was conducted during four growing seasons on a Typical Argiudoll soil. The variables measured were: Cone Index, the root dry matter per plant, dry matter per plant, seedling emergence, and yield. The results showed that lower yields in soil under direct sowing treatment (between 10.7 and 15.2%) compared with the chisel plow and moldboard plow. Initially, the emergence was slower for tilled soil treatments, but no differences between treatments were found 18 days after planting. The highest values of root dry matter per plant were observed in soil worked by chisel plow and moldboard plow (42.3 and 46.1 g plant-1, respectively). The main conclusions were: corn yield is directly related to soil compaction, and lightweight planters used in treatments that remove the soil produced subsoil compaction.