IS26-mediated amplification of blaOXA-1and blaCTX-M-15with concurrent outer membrane porin disruption associated with de novo carbapenem resistance in a recurrent bacteraemia cohort

Background: Approximately half of clinical carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) isolates lack carbapenem-hydrolysing enzymes and develop carbapenem resistance through alternative mechanisms. Objectives: To elucidate development of carbapenem resistance mechanisms from clonal, recurrent ESBL-p...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Shropshire, William C., Aitken, Samuel L., Reed, Pifer, Kim, Jiwoong, Micah M., Bhatti, Li, Xiqi, Kalia, Awdhesh, Galloway-Peña, Jessica R., Sahasrabhojane, Pranoti V., Arias, Cesar A., Greenberg, David E., Hanson, Blake M., Shelburne, Samuel A.
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2021
Country:Colombia
Institution:Universidad El Bosque
Repository:Repositorio U. El Bosque
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unbosque.edu.co:20.500.12495/5743
Online Access:http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12495/5743
https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkaa447
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:Beta-Lactamasas
Enterobacteriaceae resistentes a los carbapenémicos
carbapenémicos
Description
Summary:Background: Approximately half of clinical carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) isolates lack carbapenem-hydrolysing enzymes and develop carbapenem resistance through alternative mechanisms. Objectives: To elucidate development of carbapenem resistance mechanisms from clonal, recurrent ESBL-positive Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) bacteraemia isolates in a vulnerable patient population. Methods: This study investigated a cohort of ESBL-E bacteraemia cases in Houston, TX, USA. Oxford Nanopore Technologies long-read and Illumina short-read sequencing data were used for comparative genomic analysis. Serial passaging experiments were performed on a set of clinical ST131 Escherichia coli isolates to recapitulate in vivo observations. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and qRT-PCR were used to determine copy number and transcript levels of β-lactamase genes, respectively. Results: Non-carbapenemase-producing CRE (non-CP-CRE) clinical isolates emerged from an ESBL-E background through a concurrence of primarily IS26-mediated amplifications of blaOXA-1 and blaCTX-M-1 group genes coupled with porin inactivation. The discrete, modular translocatable units (TUs) that carried and amplified β-lactamase genes mobilized intracellularly from a chromosomal, IS26-bound transposon and inserted within porin genes, thereby increasing β-lactamase gene copy number and inactivating porins concurrently. The carbapenem resistance phenotype and TU-mediated β-lactamase gene amplification were recapitulated by passaging a clinical ESBL-E isolate in the presence of ertapenem. Clinical non-CP-CRE isolates had stable carbapenem resistance phenotypes in the absence of ertapenem exposure. Conclusions: These data demonstrate IS26-mediated mechanisms underlying β-lactamase gene amplification with concurrent outer membrane porin disruption driving emergence of clinical non-CP-CRE. Furthermore, these amplifications were stable in the absence of antimicrobial pressure. Long-read sequencing can be utilized to identify unique mobile genetic element mechanisms that drive antimicrobial resistance.