Immunopathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis and implications for treatment

Introduction: Ocular toxoplasmosis appears after primary infection or during the reactivation of chronic infection by the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii. The risk of ocular involvement and the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, their complications, and the probability of recurrences are linked to...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: , De La Torre Cifuentes, Ligia Alejandra, Vargas-Montes, Mónica
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2023
País:Colombia
Recursos:Universidad del Rosario
Repositorio:Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repository.urosario.edu.co:10336/42128
Acesso em linha:https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/42128
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Ocular toxoplasmosis
cytokines
lymphocyte subpopulations
uveitis
Toxoplasma gondii
virulence
interferon gamma
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spelling Immunopathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis and implications for treatmentDe La Torre Cifuentes, Ligia AlejandraVargas-Montes, MónicaOcular toxoplasmosiscytokineslymphocyte subpopulationsuveitisToxoplasma gondiivirulenceinterferon gammaIntroduction: Ocular toxoplasmosis appears after primary infection or during the reactivation of chronic infection by the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii. The risk of ocular involvement and the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, their complications, and the probability of recurrences are linked to polymorphisms in immune response-related genes, cytokine networks, lymphocyte subpopulation, and parasite virulence factors. Appropriate clinical management and evidence-based advisory recommendations for patients require a clear understanding of the immunopathological mechanisms of this parasitic disease.Areas covered: Narrative review of the scientific literature in human ocular toxoplasmosis related to parasitological and immunological characteristics, genetic polymorphisms linked to ocular involvement, and the clinical correlations of the cytokinome in aqueous humor and experiments with peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Expert Opinion/Commentary: The greater severity in people infected by South American strains is partly explained by parasite protein kinases interfering with the effector immune functions of inter-feron-gamma, resulting in lower antiparasitic activity and more significant inflammation. Future thera-pies should point to the increase in IFN-? production (for example, by stimulating CD4+ memory T cells subset). Thus, immune-based interventions could be promising in inducing an appropriate response for treating and preventing ocular damage and recurrences. Drugs targeting tissue cysts responsible for reactivations are a current priority.Universidad del Rosario2023-11-292024-01-31T18:26:42Zinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articleinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionapplication/pdf10.1080/17469899.2023.22791781746-9899https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/42128Expert Review of Ophthalmologyreponame:Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosarioinstname:Universidad del Rosarioinstacron:Universidad del Rosarioenghttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/17469899.2023.2279178?needAccess=trueinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/2024-02-01T03:01:05Z
dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Immunopathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis and implications for treatment
title Immunopathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis and implications for treatment
spellingShingle Immunopathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis and implications for treatment

Ocular toxoplasmosis
cytokines
lymphocyte subpopulations
uveitis
Toxoplasma gondii
virulence
interferon gamma
title_short Immunopathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis and implications for treatment
title_full Immunopathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis and implications for treatment
title_fullStr Immunopathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis and implications for treatment
title_full_unstemmed Immunopathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis and implications for treatment
title_sort Immunopathogenesis of ocular toxoplasmosis and implications for treatment
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv
De La Torre Cifuentes, Ligia Alejandra
Vargas-Montes, Mónica
author
author_facet
De La Torre Cifuentes, Ligia Alejandra
Vargas-Montes, Mónica
author_role author
author2 De La Torre Cifuentes, Ligia Alejandra
Vargas-Montes, Mónica
author2_role author
author
dc.subject.none.fl_str_mv Ocular toxoplasmosis
cytokines
lymphocyte subpopulations
uveitis
Toxoplasma gondii
virulence
interferon gamma
topic Ocular toxoplasmosis
cytokines
lymphocyte subpopulations
uveitis
Toxoplasma gondii
virulence
interferon gamma
description Introduction: Ocular toxoplasmosis appears after primary infection or during the reactivation of chronic infection by the protozoa Toxoplasma gondii. The risk of ocular involvement and the heterogeneity of clinical manifestations, their complications, and the probability of recurrences are linked to polymorphisms in immune response-related genes, cytokine networks, lymphocyte subpopulation, and parasite virulence factors. Appropriate clinical management and evidence-based advisory recommendations for patients require a clear understanding of the immunopathological mechanisms of this parasitic disease.Areas covered: Narrative review of the scientific literature in human ocular toxoplasmosis related to parasitological and immunological characteristics, genetic polymorphisms linked to ocular involvement, and the clinical correlations of the cytokinome in aqueous humor and experiments with peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Expert Opinion/Commentary: The greater severity in people infected by South American strains is partly explained by parasite protein kinases interfering with the effector immune functions of inter-feron-gamma, resulting in lower antiparasitic activity and more significant inflammation. Future thera-pies should point to the increase in IFN-? production (for example, by stimulating CD4+ memory T cells subset). Thus, immune-based interventions could be promising in inducing an appropriate response for treating and preventing ocular damage and recurrences. Drugs targeting tissue cysts responsible for reactivations are a current priority.
publishDate 2023
dc.date.none.fl_str_mv 2023-11-29
2024-01-31T18:26:42Z
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/article
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
format article
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.none.fl_str_mv 10.1080/17469899.2023.2279178
1746-9899
https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/42128
identifier_str_mv 10.1080/17469899.2023.2279178
1746-9899
url https://repository.urosario.edu.co/handle/10336/42128
dc.language.none.fl_str_mv eng
language eng
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/epdf/10.1080/17469899.2023.2279178?needAccess=true
dc.rights.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv application/pdf
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad del Rosario
publisher.none.fl_str_mv Universidad del Rosario
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv Expert Review of Ophthalmology
reponame:Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
instname:Universidad del Rosario
instacron:Universidad del Rosario
instname_str Universidad del Rosario
instacron_str Universidad del Rosario
institution Universidad del Rosario
reponame_str Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
collection Repositorio EdocUR - U. Rosario
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