Modulación de la respuesta emocional y la memoria espacial en la adultez por exposición temprana a nicotina
The relationship between stress and nicotine has focused on how stressful events can be a risk factor for the establishment of an addiction. However, little has been explored about the inverse relationship, that is, the way in which exposure to a substance of abuse can modify an organism's resp...
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| Tipo de documento: | dissertação |
| Estado: | Versión aceptada para publicación |
| Data de publicação: | 2019 |
| País: | Colombia |
| Recursos: | Universidad Nacional de Colombia |
| Repositório: | Repositorio UN |
| Idioma: | espanhol |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositorio.unal.edu.co:unal/75747 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://repositorio.unal.edu.co/handle/unal/75747 |
| Access Level: | Acceso aberto |
| Palavra-chave: | Psicología::Psicología comparada Psicología::Percepción sensorial, movimiento, emociones, impulsos fisiológicos Nicotine Acute Stress Spatial Memory Arousal Extended Handling Nicotina Estrés Agudo Memoria Espacial Alertamiento Manipulación Prolongada |
| Resumo: | The relationship between stress and nicotine has focused on how stressful events can be a risk factor for the establishment of an addiction. However, little has been explored about the inverse relationship, that is, the way in which exposure to a substance of abuse can modify an organism's response to emotionally demanding situations. The aim of this study was to establish the effects of acute stress on the recovery of spatial memory in adult animals chronically exposed to nicotine during adolescence. For this, 44 male Wistar rats received 21 injections of nicotine (0.14 mg/kg s.c.) or vehicle (saline solution 0.9% s.c.) during their adolescence and 30 days later they were trained in the Barnes Maze. Before a recovery test performed 24 hours after training, 1-h movement restraint was applied. Once memory test was finished blood plasma samples were taken to quantify corticosterone levels. Animals treated with nicotine during the chronic challenge traveled longer than the group of animals treated with vehicles. It was observed that adolescence nicotine treatment did not affect acquisition of Barnes maze task, but facilitated its recovery. Nicotine improved animals’ accuracy in the recovery of spatial memory. On the other hand, stress decreased time to begin exploring in the maze, and had no effect with statistical significance on animals’ performance in the recovery of the task. However, stress effects on retrieval are discussed. Analysis of corticosterone in blood plasma revealed that nicotine slightly decreased release of corticosterone to acute stress; suggesting that early exposure to nicotine may modify the mechanisms through which animals respond to emotionally situations associated with recovery of a spatial memory task. Additionally, from a comparison made with previously experiments carried out in Laboratorio de Neurosciencias, it was found that (1) stress increased the organism's alert during recovery, facilitating the recovery of spatial information, (2) prolonged manipulation decreased emotional activation face of environmental demand, modifying formation and expression of declarative memory, resulting in a deleterious effect on memory recovery. It is proposed that prolonged handling of the animals underlying the treatment decreased alert generated by the Barnes maze and that this modification altered nicotine and stress effect on memory retrieval. Finally, an extension of arousal model applied to spatial memory recovery is proposed. |
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