Comparison of chemical-nutritional parameters of the most consumed species of the gender Cyttaria in Chile
The genus Cyttaria belongs to the family Cyttariaceae (Ascomycota Division) and its species are obligate parasites of trees of the genus Nothofagus. It is naturally distributed in the southern hemisphere in places where there is a presence of these tree species, with seven species of Cyttaria presen...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis de maestría |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2019 |
| País: | Chile |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositorio.anid.cl:10533/242114 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10533/242114 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Ciencias Naturales Otras Ciencias Naturales |
| Sumario: | The genus Cyttaria belongs to the family Cyttariaceae (Ascomycota Division) and its species are obligate parasites of trees of the genus Nothofagus. It is naturally distributed in the southern hemisphere in places where there is a presence of these tree species, with seven species of Cyttaria present in our country: C. berteroi, C. darwinii, C. espinosae, C. hariotii, C. hookeri, C. johowii and C. exigua, which are commonly known as “Digüeñes” and which are of great importance from the nutritional point of view, since they have been consumed from prehistory by native people. In Chile, studies have been carried out on taxonomy, ecology and chemical-nutritional analysis of some species of the Cyttaria genus, collected mainly in the Metropolitan Region and Maule Region. For this reason, this research include species from other geographical areas of Chile and it is intended to determine which Cyttaria species studied has a better nutritional composition and a high medicinal potential for the prevention and treatment of degenerative diseases, which can provide relevant information. As a general objective we proceeded to determine the nutritional composition, antioxidant capacity and antitumor activity of Cyttaria species, more consumed in Chile, collected during 2018. This study describes the analysis of nutritional composition of Cyttaria spp. termined by means of official AOAC described method. The content of total polyphenols and total antioxidant capacity of different extracts from C. hariotii y C. espinosae was evaluated using the ABTS. Likewise, total phenol were determined by means of Folin-Ciocalteu assay, and results were expressed as gallic acid equivalents. Among the results obtained, the species C. espinosae had a high protein content with an average of 20 g/100 g in dry weight. The extract of C. hariotii had an average amount of 1.1 mg/g equivalent of gallic acid, which is associated with a higher content of phenolic compounds and an average antioxidant capacity of 10.8 mg of Trolox equivalents/100g of extract. Likewise, the polysaccharides extract of one of the C. hariotii extracts showed a cytotoxic effect on the cells of the human leukemia tumor line where an IC50 value of 2.1 mg/mL was obtained which decreased the % cell viability. Keywords: Cyttariales, digüeñes, edible fungi, antioxidants, cytotoxicity. |
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