Calcifying phytoplankton in natural laboratories for understanding ocean acidification

Coccolithophores are unicellular phytoplanktonic organisms characterized by a covering of calcite plates, the coccoliths, which are produced intracellularly. These calcifiers, as one of the main planktonic functional groups, play an important role in the inorganic carbon cycle and possibly as ballas...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Díaz Rosas, Francisco
Tipo de recurso: tesis doctoral
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:Chile
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.anid.cl:10533/249971
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10533/249971
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Ciencias Naturales
Otras Ciencias Naturales
id CL_c907ef8255d7a3764ca24a4172a40621
oai_identifier_str oai:repositorio.anid.cl:10533/249971
network_acronym_str CL
network_name_str Chile
repository_id_str
dc.title.es_CL.fl_str_mv Calcifying phytoplankton in natural laboratories for understanding ocean acidification
title Calcifying phytoplankton in natural laboratories for understanding ocean acidification
spellingShingle Calcifying phytoplankton in natural laboratories for understanding ocean acidification
Díaz Rosas, Francisco
Ciencias Naturales
Otras Ciencias Naturales
title_short Calcifying phytoplankton in natural laboratories for understanding ocean acidification
title_full Calcifying phytoplankton in natural laboratories for understanding ocean acidification
title_fullStr Calcifying phytoplankton in natural laboratories for understanding ocean acidification
title_full_unstemmed Calcifying phytoplankton in natural laboratories for understanding ocean acidification
title_sort Calcifying phytoplankton in natural laboratories for understanding ocean acidification
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Díaz Rosas, Francisco
author Díaz Rosas, Francisco
author_facet Díaz Rosas, Francisco
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv von Dassow, Peter
dc.contributor.institution.es_CL.fl_str_mv PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATOLICA DE CHILE
dc.subject.oecd1n.es_CL.fl_str_mv Ciencias Naturales
topic Ciencias Naturales
Otras Ciencias Naturales
dc.subject.oecd2n.es_CL.fl_str_mv Otras Ciencias Naturales
description Coccolithophores are unicellular phytoplanktonic organisms characterized by a covering of calcite plates, the coccoliths, which are produced intracellularly. These calcifiers, as one of the main planktonic functional groups, play an important role in the inorganic carbon cycle and possibly as ballast that sinks organic carbon to the deep-sea. Most efforts to understanding coccolithophore response to ocean acidification (OA) –or the raise in atmospheric CO2 reduces ocean pH and saturation states (Ω) of CaCO3– have been through lab experiments, mostly using a small set of strains of the cosmopolitan, easily cultivated species Emiliania huxleyi. This species is especially interesting because it is young (~ 291,000 years) and has adapted to a wide range of marine environments. However, it is not the only coccolithophore and even within that species there is a lot of phenotypic and genetic diversity and diverse responses to OA in the lab. Despite the efforts made it is unclear how the physiological effects under controlled conditions translate to community-level responses in the field. This thesis aimed to contribute to understanding this issue by studying the distribution, composition and realized niches of coccolithophore assemblages and E. huxleyi morphotypes in contrasting pCO2/pH/Ωcalcite environments of the Eastern South Pacific, and to evaluate the responses of different E. huxleyi 22 morphotypes to targeted pCO2/pH levels set in the lab. For this, the coccolithophores were surveyed in a coastal-oceanic section, mesotrophic waters, upwelling systems, and fjords- channels of Patagonia. From a total of 40 species, E. huxleyi was the most prevalent (30-100 % relative abundance). Within this taxon, several morphotypes has been described as stable in culture and genetically differentiated (e.g., the A and R morphotypes). The moderately-calcified A morphotype dominated the E. huxleyi populations being only surpassed by the R hyper- calcified morphotype in upwelling systems with high pCO2/low pH. This abrupt shift in the composition of E. huxleyi populations suggested that these coastal environments hold genetic reservoirs for their adaptation to OA. Therefore, the hypothesis was tested that these forms are adapted to resist high pCO2/low pH conditions. Unexpectedly, the morphotypes from the Eastern South Pacific were not more sensitive than the R hyper-calcified strains from neighboring high pCO2/low pH waters (lowering growth rates and PIC/POC ratios). On the other hand, realized-niche analysis showed that the A morphotype has a broader niche that is more tolerant to environmental-change (i.e., generalist) than the R morphotype’s niche, specialized to high pCO2/low pH waters. The lack of evidence for local adaptation to high pCO2/low pH conditions in E. huxleyi, might be explained by a narrow unimodal niche response to Ωcalcite revealed by niche analysis that was not tested experimentally. Alternatively, the R hyper-calcified morphotype might be selected by an unidentified condition particular to the Eastern South Pacific that correlates with temperature, salinity, and Ωcalcite of its realized-niche. Overall, despite their rapid turnover and large population sizes, oceanic planktonic microorganisms do not necessarily exhibit adaptations to high-pCO2 upwelled waters, and this ubiquitous coccolithophore may be near the limit of its capacity to adapt to ongoing OA.
publishDate 2021
dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2021-07-19T20:03:09Z
2022-08-23T12:55:19Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2021-07-19T20:03:09Z
2022-08-23T12:55:19Z
dc.date.issued.es_CL.fl_str_mv 2021
dc.type.driver.es_CL.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis
dc.type.openaire.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
dc.type.tesis.none.fl_str_mv Tesis
format doctoralThesis
status_str publishedVersion
dc.identifier.folio.es_CL.fl_str_mv 21130158
dc.identifier.uri.none.fl_str_mv https://hdl.handle.net/10533/249971
identifier_str_mv 21130158
url https://hdl.handle.net/10533/249971
dc.relation.none.fl_str_mv instname: Conicyt
reponame: Repositorio Digital RI2.0
dc.relation.projectid.es_CL.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/grantAgreement//21130158
dc.relation.set.none.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/dataset/hdl.handle.net/10533/93488
dc.relation.uri.es_CL.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/60974
dc.rights.es_CL.fl_str_mv info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.rights.*.fl_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Chile
dc.rights.uri.*.fl_str_mv http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cl/
eu_rights_str_mv openAccess
rights_invalid_str_mv Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Chile
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cl/
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/3de5a6cd-c5a4-42b2-bad5-d4da2af7a5a6/download
https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/1016d4d7-b396-4ac2-8379-a15377db1dc0/download
https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/b9914b65-671d-4218-8a31-0faa671a51fa/download
https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/5118c792-0ca8-415f-a3e1-7b797d85e742/download
https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/46e13f6f-36e2-4438-972c-722b1d0ee723/download
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv 2a83d8719892d0518907f772518b98c6
4300bcaf3c57b72e5f548bb486228c34
f97bcfdf58f3e17b5cec231112dab5b1
593a6e7305c66c56041a9f9e15a649c1
8c465442505da169dcd7aacbe5d06483
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
MD5
repository.name.fl_str_mv Repositorio ANID
repository.mail.fl_str_mv aletelier@anid.cl
_version_ 1843518828923846656
spelling PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATOLICA DE CHILEDíaz Rosas, Francisco2021https://hdl.handle.net/10533/249971http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Otras Ciencias NaturalesCiencias NaturalesCalcifying phytoplankton in natural laboratories for understanding ocean acidificationvon Dassow, PeterPONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATOLICA DE CHILEChileDíaz Rosas, Francisco2021-07-19T20:03:09Z2022-08-23T12:55:19Z2021-07-19T20:03:09Z2022-08-23T12:55:19Z2021Coccolithophores are unicellular phytoplanktonic organisms characterized by a covering of calcite plates, the coccoliths, which are produced intracellularly. These calcifiers, as one of the main planktonic functional groups, play an important role in the inorganic carbon cycle and possibly as ballast that sinks organic carbon to the deep-sea. Most efforts to understanding coccolithophore response to ocean acidification (OA) –or the raise in atmospheric CO2 reduces ocean pH and saturation states (Ω) of CaCO3– have been through lab experiments, mostly using a small set of strains of the cosmopolitan, easily cultivated species Emiliania huxleyi. This species is especially interesting because it is young (~ 291,000 years) and has adapted to a wide range of marine environments. However, it is not the only coccolithophore and even within that species there is a lot of phenotypic and genetic diversity and diverse responses to OA in the lab. Despite the efforts made it is unclear how the physiological effects under controlled conditions translate to community-level responses in the field. This thesis aimed to contribute to understanding this issue by studying the distribution, composition and realized niches of coccolithophore assemblages and E. huxleyi morphotypes in contrasting pCO2/pH/Ωcalcite environments of the Eastern South Pacific, and to evaluate the responses of different E. huxleyi 22 morphotypes to targeted pCO2/pH levels set in the lab. For this, the coccolithophores were surveyed in a coastal-oceanic section, mesotrophic waters, upwelling systems, and fjords- channels of Patagonia. From a total of 40 species, E. huxleyi was the most prevalent (30-100 % relative abundance). Within this taxon, several morphotypes has been described as stable in culture and genetically differentiated (e.g., the A and R morphotypes). The moderately-calcified A morphotype dominated the E. huxleyi populations being only surpassed by the R hyper- calcified morphotype in upwelling systems with high pCO2/low pH. This abrupt shift in the composition of E. huxleyi populations suggested that these coastal environments hold genetic reservoirs for their adaptation to OA. Therefore, the hypothesis was tested that these forms are adapted to resist high pCO2/low pH conditions. Unexpectedly, the morphotypes from the Eastern South Pacific were not more sensitive than the R hyper-calcified strains from neighboring high pCO2/low pH waters (lowering growth rates and PIC/POC ratios). On the other hand, realized-niche analysis showed that the A morphotype has a broader niche that is more tolerant to environmental-change (i.e., generalist) than the R morphotype’s niche, specialized to high pCO2/low pH waters. The lack of evidence for local adaptation to high pCO2/low pH conditions in E. huxleyi, might be explained by a narrow unimodal niche response to Ωcalcite revealed by niche analysis that was not tested experimentally. Alternatively, the R hyper-calcified morphotype might be selected by an unidentified condition particular to the Eastern South Pacific that correlates with temperature, salinity, and Ωcalcite of its realized-niche. Overall, despite their rapid turnover and large population sizes, oceanic planktonic microorganisms do not necessarily exhibit adaptations to high-pCO2 upwelled waters, and this ubiquitous coccolithophore may be near the limit of its capacity to adapt to ongoing OA.21130158https://hdl.handle.net/10533/249971instname: Conicytreponame: Repositorio Digital RI2.0info:eu-repo/grantAgreement//21130158info:eu-repo/semantics/dataset/hdl.handle.net/10533/93488https://repositorio.uc.cl/handle/11534/60974info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Chilehttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cl/Ciencias NaturalesOtras Ciencias NaturalesCalcifying phytoplankton in natural laboratories for understanding ocean acidificationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionTesisTesishttps://hdl.handle.net/10533/249971522d9d0d-c563-42de-8781-52ac7819bc78virtual::60918-1522d9d0d-c563-42de-8781-52ac7819bc78virtual::60918-1THUMBNAILPhD thesis_Fco.Diaz-Rosas.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg3960https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/3de5a6cd-c5a4-42b2-bad5-d4da2af7a5a6/download2a83d8719892d0518907f772518b98c6MD51TEXTPhD thesis_Fco.Diaz-Rosas.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain387815https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/1016d4d7-b396-4ac2-8379-a15377db1dc0/download4300bcaf3c57b72e5f548bb486228c34MD52CC-LICENSElicense_rdfapplication/octet-stream1232https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/b9914b65-671d-4218-8a31-0faa671a51fa/downloadf97bcfdf58f3e17b5cec231112dab5b1MD53LICENSElicense.txttext/plain1779https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/5118c792-0ca8-415f-a3e1-7b797d85e742/download593a6e7305c66c56041a9f9e15a649c1MD54ORIGINALPhD thesis_Fco.Diaz-Rosas.pdfTesis de Doctoradoapplication/pdf33085291https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/46e13f6f-36e2-4438-972c-722b1d0ee723/download8c465442505da169dcd7aacbe5d06483MD5510533/249971oai:repositorio.anid.cl:10533/2499712023-07-24 07:17:03.667http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cl/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccesshttps://repositorio.anid.clRepositorio ANIDaletelier@anid.clTGljZW5jaWEgZGUgRGlzdHJpYnVjacOzbiBObyBFeGNsdXNpdmEKCkFsIGZpcm1hciB5IHByZXNlbnRhciBlc3RhIGxpY2VuY2lhICwgdXN0ZWQgKGVsIGF1dG9yKGVzKSBvIHRpdHVsYXIgZGUgZGVyZWNob3MgZGUgYXV0b3IpIGdhcmFudGl6YSBhIGxhIENvbWlzacOzbiBOYWNpb25hbCBkZSBJbnZlc3RpZ2FjacOzbiBDaWVudMOtdGljYSB5IFRlY25vbMOzZ2ljYSAoQ09OSUNZVCkgZWwgZGVyZWNobyBubyBleGNsdXNpdm8gZGUgcmVwcm9kdWNpciAsIHRyYWR1Y2lyIChjb21vIHNlIGRlZmluZSBtw6FzIGFiYWpvKSAsIHkvbyBkaXN0cmlidWlyIHN1IGRvY3VtZW50byAoaW5jbHV5ZW5kbyBlbCByZXN1bWVuKSBlbiB0b2RvIGVsIG11bmRvIGVuIGZvcm1hIGltcHJlc2EgeSBlbiBmb3JtYXRvIGVsZWN0csOzbmljbyB5IGVuIGN1YWxxdWllciBtZWRpbywgaW5jbHV5ZW5kbywgcGVybyBubyBsaW1pdGFkbyBhLCBhdWRpbyBvIHbDrWRlby4KClVzdGVkIGFjZXB0YSBxdWUgQ09OSUNZVCBwdWVkZSwgc2luIGFsdGVyYXIgc3UgY29udGVuaWRvLCBjb252ZXJ0aXJsbyBhIGN1YWxxdWllciBtZWRpbyBvIGZvcm1hdG8gcGFyYSBlbCBmaW4gZGUgbGEgY29uc2VydmFjacOzbi4KClRhbWJpw6luIGFjZXB0YSBxdWUgQ09OSUNZVCBwdWVkZSB0ZW5lciBtw6FzIGRlIHVuYSBjb3BpYSBkZSBlc3RlIGRvY3VtZW50byBwYXJhIGZpbmVzIGRlIHNlZ3VyaWRhZCwgY29waWFzIGRlIHNlZ3VyaWRhZCB5IGNvbnNlcnZhY2nDs24uCgpVc3RlZCBkZWNsYXJhIHF1ZSBlbCBkb2N1bWVudG8gZXMgdW4gdHJhYmFqbyBvcmlnaW5hbCwgeSBxdWUgdXN0ZWQgdGllbmUgZWwgZGVyZWNobyBkZSBvdG9yZ2FyIGxvcyBkZXJlY2hvcyBjb250ZW5pZG9zIGVuIGVzdGEgbGljZW5jaWEuIFRhbWJpw6luIGRlY2xhcmEgcXVlIHN1IHBldGljacOzbiBubywgYSBsbyBtZWpvciBkZSBzdSBjb25vY2ltaWVudG8sIGluZnJpbmdlIGxvcyBkZXJlY2hvcyBkZSBhdXRvciBkZSBuYWRpZS4KClNpIGVsIGRvY3VtZW50byBjb250aWVuZSBtYXRlcmlhbGVzIGRlIGxvcyBxdWUgbm8gdGllbmVuIGRlcmVjaG9zIGRlIGF1dG9yICwgdXN0ZWQgZGVjbGFyYSBxdWUgaGEgb2J0ZW5pZG8gZWwgcGVybWlzbyBzaW4gcmVzdHJpY2Npw7NuIGRlbCBwcm9waWV0YXJpbyBkZSBsb3MgZGVyZWNob3MgcmVxdWVyaWRvcyBwb3IgZXN0YSBsaWNlbmNpYSB5IHF1ZSBlc2UgbWF0ZXJpYWwgY3V5b3MgZGVyZWNob3Mgc29uIGRlIHRlcmNlcm9zIGVzdMOhIGNsYXJhbWVudGUgaWRlbnRpZmljYWRvIHkgcmVjb25vY2lkbyBlbiBlbCB0ZXh0byBvIGNvbnRlbmlkbyBkZWwgZG9jdW1lbnRvIGVudHJlZ2Fkby4KClNJIEVMIEVOVsONTyBTRSBCQVNBIEVOIEVMIFRSQUJBSk8gUVVFIEhBIFNJRE8gUEFUUk9OQURPIE8gQVBPWUFETyBQT1IgQUxHVU5BIElOU1RJVFVDScOTTiBRVUUgTk8gU0VBIENPTklDWVQsIFVTVEVEIEFDRVBUQSBRVUUgSEEgQ1VNUExJRE8gQSBDVUFMUVVJRVIgREVSRUNITyBERSBSRVZJU0nDk04gVSBPVFJBUyBPQkxJR0FDSU9ORVMgUkVRVUVSSURBUyBQT1IgRElDSE8gQ09OVFJBVE8gTyBBQ1VFUkRPLgoKQ09OSUNZVCBpZGVudGlmaWNhcsOhIGNsYXJhbWVudGUgc3Ugbm9tYnJlKGVzKSBjb21vIGVsIGF1dG9yKGVzKSBvIHByb3BpZXRhcmlvKHMpIGRlIGxhIHByZXNlbnRhY2nDs24gLCB5IG5vIGhhcsOhIG5pbmd1bmEgYWx0ZXJhY2nDs24sIGV4Y2VwdG8gc2Vnw7puIGxvIHBlcm1pdGlkbyBwb3IgbGEgbGljZW5jaWEsIHBhcmEgc3UgcHJlc2VudGFjacOzbi4K
score 15,81155

Similares en LA Referencia