Relación recíproca entre la psicopatología de los padres y el trastorno negativista desafiante en los niños
Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a behavioral disorder characterized by oppositional, defiant and hostile behavior toward adults and authority figures. Children with ODD have temperamental patterns with certain particular characteristics. In addition, the temperamental style of the child may b...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2017 |
| País: | Chile |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositorio.anid.cl:10533/210982 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10533/210982 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Ciencias Sociales Psicología Psicología (Incluyendo la relación hombre-máquina) |
| Sumario: | Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a behavioral disorder characterized by oppositional, defiant and hostile behavior toward adults and authority figures. Children with ODD have temperamental patterns with certain particular characteristics. In addition, the temperamental style of the child may be influenced or enhanced by the mental health and behavior of the parents. The theoretical and empirical antecedents corroborate that the mental health problems of the parents influence the mental health problems of the children and vice versa, existing reciprocal relations and mutual interdependence between both. This thesis is presented as a compendium of two original empirical studies whose objective was to evaluate the reciprocal relationship between parents'psychopathology and the ODD of the children, and the influence of moderating variables that act in this relation, in a cohort of Spanish children between 3 and 8 years of age, cross-sectional and longitudinally. Evaluations of the children in both studies were conducted through questionnaires and a semi-structured diagnostic interview answered by parents. Parents also answered a questionnaire about their own psychopathology. The sample of the first study included 550 children evaluated at 3, 4 and 5 years. The results indicated that negative affect and effortful control are associated with higher levels of ODD symptoms in preschoolers. At age 5, higher levels of paternal depression and anxiety increased the effect of self-regulated control on ODD. High levels of negative affect and low levels of effortful control at 3 years were statistical predictors of ODD levels at 5 years, and this relationship was also moderated by depression and paternal anxiety. The second study included a sample of 331 children evaluated at 3 and 8 years. It was found that at 3 years of age, higher levels of ODD symptoms were associated with anxiety / depression symptoms and parental aggressive behavior. Longitudinally, children with mothers with symptoms of anxiety and depression at age 3 had greater symptoms of ODD at age 8. Also, higher levels of ODD symptoms in 3-year-olds predicted increases in depressive and anxious symptoms in parents at 8 years. The results of both studies have important clinical implications for the correct orientation of the interventions. Children with ODD should be evaluated and treated promptly, but efforts should also be extended to their mothers and fathers. |
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