Phylogeny, connectivity and dispersal patterns of the gíant kelp macrocystis (phaeophyceae)

Macrocystis represents the most widely distributed kelp genus, providing structure and energy for one oft he most productive ecosystems on earth. Despite its eco logica l and economica l importance, many aspects of its taxonomy, distribution and dispersa! still remain unknown. Using different molecu...

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Autor: Macaya-Horta, Erasmo Carlos
Tipo de recurso: tesis doctoral
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2010
País:Chile
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.anid.cl:10533/180065
Acceso en línea:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cl/
https://hdl.handle.net/10533/180065
Access Level:acceso abierto
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dc.title.none.fl_str_mv Phylogeny, connectivity and dispersal patterns of the gíant kelp macrocystis (phaeophyceae)
title Phylogeny, connectivity and dispersal patterns of the gíant kelp macrocystis (phaeophyceae)
spellingShingle Phylogeny, connectivity and dispersal patterns of the gíant kelp macrocystis (phaeophyceae)
Macaya-Horta, Erasmo Carlos
title_short Phylogeny, connectivity and dispersal patterns of the gíant kelp macrocystis (phaeophyceae)
title_full Phylogeny, connectivity and dispersal patterns of the gíant kelp macrocystis (phaeophyceae)
title_fullStr Phylogeny, connectivity and dispersal patterns of the gíant kelp macrocystis (phaeophyceae)
title_full_unstemmed Phylogeny, connectivity and dispersal patterns of the gíant kelp macrocystis (phaeophyceae)
title_sort Phylogeny, connectivity and dispersal patterns of the gíant kelp macrocystis (phaeophyceae)
dc.creator.none.fl_str_mv Macaya-Horta, Erasmo Carlos
author Macaya-Horta, Erasmo Carlos
author_facet Macaya-Horta, Erasmo Carlos
author_role author
dc.contributor.advisor.none.fl_str_mv Zuccarello, Joel
dc.contributor.institution.none.fl_str_mv University of Wellington
description Macrocystis represents the most widely distributed kelp genus, providing structure and energy for one oft he most productive ecosystems on earth. Despite its eco logica l and economica l importance, many aspects of its taxonomy, distribution and dispersa! still remain unknown. Using different molecular markers 1 studied the taxonomy, phylogeography and dispersa! p~ttern s of Macrocystis. The analysis involves samples from diff erent populations throughout the world. Using the DNA barcoding method 1, confirrn ed previous suggestions that the genus must be considercd as monospec ific, M. pyr!fera being the only species. The effects of historica l and contemporary events on the haplotype d istribution were determined by a na lyzing samp les fi·om the southeastern Pac ific (SEP) using the atp8-S mitochondrial marker. The last glac ial maximum as wel! as oceanographic anoma!ies (El Niño phenomena) may be important factors driving the genetic pattern along the SEP. The genetic structure in southern Chile was also analyzed in more detail, especia lly in the Chilean Fjords. Samples fi·om attached and floating kelp índívidua ls revealed that dispersa! via kelp rafts is possible. Finall y, a global analysis using COl sequences showed shared haplotypes along vast distances in the orthern and Southern hemispheres, recent dispersa! and high gene flow can explain such genetic homogeneity. Additionally, microsatell ite analysis confinned that gene flow along the Southern Ocean is occurring over ecologica l time scales, where raft ing of detachecl reprocl uctive kelps seems to be fac ilitated by the Antarctic Circumpo lar Current connecting populations in the Southern Hemisphere. This study has provided va luable genetic evidence to understancl factors shaping the genetic structure ofthis ímportant eco logically and economical ly spec ies. lt also contributes important knowledge for conservation and management stratcgies, espec ially in places where M. pyrifera has been harvested. In summary, the results ofthis study confirm previous suggestions of high gene flow among M. pyrifera populations at different sca les. lt also provides evidence suggesting that kelp rafts actas an important dispersalmechanism in this spec ies, thus giving important information to understand the fac tors shaping the evolution ofthe largest seaweed on earth.
publishDate 2010
dc.date.issued.none.fl_str_mv 2010
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dc.date.accessioned.none.fl_str_mv 2017-03-28T16:29:36Z
2022-08-22T19:17:35Z
dc.date.available.none.fl_str_mv 2017-03-28T16:29:36Z
2022-08-22T19:17:35Z
dc.type.none.fl_str_mv Tesis Doctorado
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spelling University of WellingtonMacaya-Horta, Erasmo Carlos2010https://hdl.handle.net/10533/180065http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2Phylogeny, connectivity and dispersal patterns of the gíant kelp macrocystis (phaeophyceae)Zuccarello, JoelUniversity of WellingtonnzlWellingtonMacaya-Horta, Erasmo Carlos2017-03-28T16:29:36Z2022-08-22T19:17:35Z2017-03-28T16:29:36Z2022-08-22T19:17:35Z20102010Macrocystis represents the most widely distributed kelp genus, providing structure and energy for one oft he most productive ecosystems on earth. Despite its eco logica l and economica l importance, many aspects of its taxonomy, distribution and dispersa! still remain unknown. Using different molecular markers 1 studied the taxonomy, phylogeography and dispersa! p~ttern s of Macrocystis. The analysis involves samples from diff erent populations throughout the world. Using the DNA barcoding method 1, confirrn ed previous suggestions that the genus must be considercd as monospec ific, M. pyr!fera being the only species. The effects of historica l and contemporary events on the haplotype d istribution were determined by a na lyzing samp les fi·om the southeastern Pac ific (SEP) using the atp8-S mitochondrial marker. The last glac ial maximum as wel! as oceanographic anoma!ies (El Niño phenomena) may be important factors driving the genetic pattern along the SEP. The genetic structure in southern Chile was also analyzed in more detail, especia lly in the Chilean Fjords. Samples fi·om attached and floating kelp índívidua ls revealed that dispersa! via kelp rafts is possible. Finall y, a global analysis using COl sequences showed shared haplotypes along vast distances in the orthern and Southern hemispheres, recent dispersa! and high gene flow can explain such genetic homogeneity. Additionally, microsatell ite analysis confinned that gene flow along the Southern Ocean is occurring over ecologica l time scales, where raft ing of detachecl reprocl uctive kelps seems to be fac ilitated by the Antarctic Circumpo lar Current connecting populations in the Southern Hemisphere. This study has provided va luable genetic evidence to understancl factors shaping the genetic structure ofthis ímportant eco logically and economical ly spec ies. lt also contributes important knowledge for conservation and management stratcgies, espec ially in places where M. pyrifera has been harvested. In summary, the results ofthis study confirm previous suggestions of high gene flow among M. pyrifera populations at different sca les. lt also provides evidence suggesting that kelp rafts actas an important dispersalmechanism in this spec ies, thus giving important information to understand the fac tors shaping the evolution ofthe largest seaweed on earth.PFCHA-BecasDoctor en Filosofía Mención Biología Marina175 p.PFCHA-BecasTERMINADAhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/cl/https://hdl.handle.net/10533/180065enginstname: Conicytreponame: Repositorio Digital RI2.0instname: Conicytreponame: Repositorio Digital RI2.0handle/10533/108040info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/PFCHA-Becas/RI20info:eu-repo/semantics/dataset/hdl.handle.net/10533/93488Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 3.0 Chileinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessPhylogeny, connectivity and dispersal patterns of the gíant kelp macrocystis (phaeophyceae)Tesis Doctoradoinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersionTesisTesishttps://hdl.handle.net/10533/180065PFCHA-BecasORIGINALMACAYA_ERASMO_1174D.pdfapplication/pdf28912741https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/e3737f7d-9cb8-4050-8899-5da3af611cea/download8221c681a2ca5bfd25cb71fe4774ef59MD51TEXTMACAYA_ERASMO_1174D.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain279814https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/68e256ca-8119-4dce-90ad-7e5636a1b756/downloada3a8b6d4841bf0ce852f261bd8ebc821MD52THUMBNAILMACAYA_ERASMO_1174D.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg2030https://repositorio.anid.cl/bitstreams/48f9954c-da57-42a7-b63c-1f76b2a28a26/download7b0c6b20ad783e02cdf190e800865155MD5310533/180065oai:repositorio.anid.cl:10533/1800652023-07-24 17:34:16.028https://repositorio.anid.clRepositorio ANIDaletelier@anid.cl
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