Efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in Brazil

Several COVID-19 vaccines have shown good efficacy in clinical trials, but there remains uncertainty about the efficacy of vaccines against different variants. Here, we investigate the efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) against symptomatic COVID-19 in a post-hoc exploratory analysis of a Phase 3...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Clemens, Sue Ann Costa, Sprinz, Eduardo, Voysey, Merryn, Pollard, Andrew J., Arns, Beatriz, Cunha, Debora Rosilei Miquini de Freitas, Dias, Ana Luiza Perez Olive, Pinheiro, Jéssica Morgana Gediel, Sorio, Guilherme Geraldo Lovato, Stein, Ricardo, Vieceli, Tarsila, Vieira, Taiane Alves, Zimmer, Rafael Leal, The AMPHEUS Project, Oxford COVID Vaccine Trial Group
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2021
País:Brasil
Institución:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
Repositorio:Repositório Institucional da UFRGS
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:www.lume.ufrgs.br:10183/236682
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/10183/236682
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Doenças transmissíveis
SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Vacinas contra COVID-19
Carga viral
Infectious diseases
Vaccines
Viral infection
Descripción
Sumario:Several COVID-19 vaccines have shown good efficacy in clinical trials, but there remains uncertainty about the efficacy of vaccines against different variants. Here, we investigate the efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) against symptomatic COVID-19 in a post-hoc exploratory analysis of a Phase 3 randomised trial in Brazil (trial registration ISRCTN89951424). Nose and throat swabs were tested by PCR in symptomatic participants. Sequencing and genotyping of swabs were performed to determine the lineages of SARS-CoV-2 circulating during the study. Protection against any symptomatic COVID-19 caused by the Zeta (P.2) variant was assessed in 153 cases with vaccine efficacy (VE) of 69% (95% CI 55, 78). 49 cases of B.1.1.28 occurred and VE was 73% (46, 86). The Gamma (P.1) variant arose later in the trial and fewer cases (N = 18) were available for analysis. VE was 64% (−2, 87). ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 provided 95% protection (95% CI 61%, 99%) against hospitalisation due to COVID-19. In summary, we report that ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 protects against emerging variants in Brazil despite the presence of the spike protein mutation E484K.

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