Life satisfaction around the world: Measurement invariance of the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset–with data collected between 2020 and 2022 –to as...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Hekmati, Issa, Helmy, Mai, Hill, Tetiana, Hina, Farah, Holenweger, Geraldine, Hřebíčková, Martina, Ijabadeniyi, Olasupo Augustine, Imam, Asma, İnce, Başak, Irrazabal, Natalia, Jankauskiene, Rasa, Jiang, Ding-Yu, Jiménez-Borja, Micaela, Jiménez-Borja, Verónica, Johnson, Evan M., Jovanović, Veljko, Jović, Marija, Jović, Marko, Junqueira, Alessandra Costa Pereira, Kahle, Lisa-Marie, Kantanista, Adam, Karakiraz, Ahmet, Karkin, Ayşe Nur, Kasten, Erich, Khatib, Salam, Khieowan, Nuannut, Kimong, Patricia Joseph, Kiropoulos, Litza, Knittel, Joshua, Kohli, Neena, Koprivnik, Mirjam, Kospakov, Aituar, Król-Zielińska, Magdalena, Krug, Isabel, Kuan, Garry, Kueh, Yee Cheng, Kujan, Omar, Kukić, Miljana, Kumar, Sanjay, Kumar, Vipul, Lamba, Nishtha, Lauri, Mary Anne, Laus, Maria Fernanda, LeBlanc, Liza April, Lee, Hyejoo J., Lipowska, Małgorzata, Lipowski, Mariusz, Lombardo, Caterina, Lukács, Andrea, Maïano, Christophe, Malik, Sadia, Manjary, Mandar, Baldó, Lidia Márquez, Martinez-Banfi, Martha, Massar, Karlijn, Matera, Camilla, McAnirlin, Olivia, Mebarak, Moisés Roberto, Mechri, Anwar, Meireles, Juliana Fernandes Filgueiras, Mesko, Norbert, Mills, Jacqueline, Miyairi, Maya, Modi, Ritu, Modrzejewska, Adriana, Modrzejewska, Justyna, Mulgrew, Kate E., Myers, Taryn A., Namatame, Hikari, Nassani, Mohammad Zakaria, Nerini, Amanda, Neto, Félix, Neto, Joana, Neves, Angela Nogueira, Ng, Siu-Kuen, Nithiya, Devi, Jiaqing, O., Obeid, Sahar, Oda-Montecinos, Camila, Olapegba, Peter Olamakinde, Olonisakin, Tosin Tunrayo, Omar, Salma Samir, Örlygsdóttir, Brynja, Özsoy, Emrah, Otterbring, Tobias, Pahl, Sabine, Panasiti, Maria Serena, Park, Yonguk, Patwary, Muhammad Mainuddin, Pethö, Tatiana, Petrova, Nadezhda, Pietschnig, Jakob, Pourmahmoud, Sadaf, Prabhu, Vishnunarayan Girishan, Poštuvan, Vita, Prokop, Pavol, Ramseyer Winter, Virginia L., Razmus, Magdalena, Ru, Taotao, Rupar, Mirjana, Sahlan, Reza N., Hassan, Mohammad Salah, Šalov, Anđela, Sapkota, Saphal, Sarfo, Jacob Owusu, Sawamiya, Yoko, Schaefer, Katrin, Schulte-Mecklenbeck, Michael, Seekis, Veya, Selvi, Kerim, Sharifi, Mehdi, Shrivastava, Anita, Siddique, Rumana Ferdousi, Sigurdsson, Valdimar, Silkane, Vineta, Šimunić, Ana, Singh, Govind, Slezáčková, Alena, Sundgot-Borgen, Christine, Hoor, Gill Ten, Tevichapong, Passagorn, Tipandjan, Arun, Todd, Jennifer, Togas, Constantinos, Tonini, Fernando, Tovar-Castro, Juan Camilo, Trangsrud, Lise Katrine Jepsen, Tripathi, Pankaj, Tudorel, Otilia, Tylka, Tracy L., Uyzbayeva, Anar, Vally, Zahir, Vanags, Edmunds, Vega, Luis Diego, Vicente-Arruebarrena, Aitor, Vidal-Mollón, Jose, Vilar, Roosevelt, Villegas, Hyxia, Vintilă, Mona, Wallner, Christoph, White, Mathew P., Whitebridge, Simon, Windhager, Sonja, Wong, Kah Yan, Yau, Eric Kenson, Yamamiya, Yuko, Yeung, Victoria Wai Lan, Zanetti, Marcelo Callegari, Zawisza, Magdalena, Zeeni, Nadine, Zvaríková, Martina, Tran, Ulrich S., Swami, Viren, Stieger, Stefan, Voracek, Martin, Aavik, Toivo, Ranjbar, Hamed Abdollahpour, Adebayo, Sulaiman Olanrewaju, Afhami, Reza, Ahmed, Oli, Aimé, Annie, Akel, Marwan, Halbusi, Hussam Al, Alexias, George, Ali, Khawla F., Alp-Dal, Nursel, Alsalhani, Anas B., Álvarez-Solas, Sara, Amaral, Ana Carolina Soares, Andrianto, Sonny, Aspden, Trefor, Argyrides, Marios, Aruta, John Jamir Benzon R., Atkin, Stephen, Ayandele, Olusola, Baceviciene, Migle, Bahbouh, Radvan, Ballesio, Andrea, Barron, David, Bellard, Ashleigh, Bender, Sóley Sesselja, Beydaǧ, Kerime Derya, Birovljević, Gorana, Blackburn, Marie-Ève, Borja-Alvarez, Teresita, Borowiec, Joanna, Bozogáňová, Miroslava, Bratland-Sanda, Solfrid, Browning, Matthew H.E.M., Brytek-Matera, Anna, Burakova, Marina, Çakır-Koçak, Yeliz, Camacho, Pablo, Camilleri, Vittorio Emanuele, Cazzato, Valentina, Cerea, Silvia, Chaiwutikornwanich, Apitchaya, Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin, Chambers, Tim, Chen, Qing-Wei, Chen, Xin, Chien, Chin-Lung, Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit, Choompunuch, Bovornpot, Compte, Emilio J., Corrigan, Jennifer, Cosmas, Getrude, Cowden, Richard G., Czepczor-Bernat, Kamila, Czub, Marcin, da Silva, Wanderson Roberto [UNESP], Dadfar, Mahboubeh, Dalley, Simon E., Dany, Lionel, Datu, Jesus Alfonso D., de Carvalho, Pedro Henrique Berbert, de Holanda Coelho, Gabriel Lins, De Jesus, Avila Odia S., Debbabi, Sonia Harzallah, Dhakal, Sandesh, Di Bernardo, Francesca, Dimitrova, Donka D., Dion, Jacinthe, Dixson, Barnaby, Donofrio, Stacey M., Drysch, Marius, Du, Hongfei, Dzhambov, Angel M., El-Jor, Claire, Enea, Violeta, Eskin, Mehmet, Farbod, Farinaz, Farrugia, Lorleen, Fian, Leonie, Fisher, Maryanne L., Folwarczny, Michał, Frederick, David A., Fuller-Tyszkiewicz, Matthew, Furnham, Adrian, García, Antonio Alías, Geller, Shulamit, Ghisi, Marta, Ghorbani, Alireza, Martinez, Maria Angeles Gomez, Gradidge, Sarah, Graf, Sylvie, Grano, Caterina, Gyene, Gyöngyvér, Hallit, Souheil, Hamdan, Motasem, Handelzalts, Jonathan E., Hanel, Paul H.P., Hawks, Steven R.
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:Brasil
Recursos:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Repositorio:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/309202
Acesso em linha:http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313107
https://hdl.handle.net/11449/309202
Access Level:acceso abierto
Descrição
Resumo:The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) is a widely used self-report measure of subjective well-being, but studies of its measurement invariance across a large number of nations remain limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset–with data collected between 2020 and 2022 –to assess measurement invariance of the SWLS across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups (N = 56,968). All participants completed the SWLS under largely uniform conditions. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that configural and metric invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional SWLS model has universal applicability. Full scalar invariance was achieved across gender identities and age groups. Based on alignment optimisation methods, partial scalar invariance was achieved across all but three national groups and across all languages represented in the BINS. There were large differences in latent SWLS means across nations and languages, but negligible-to-small differences across gender identities and age groups. Across nations, greater life satisfaction was significantly associated with greater financial security and being in a committed relationship or married. The results of this study suggest that the SWLS largely assesses a common unidimensional construct of life satisfaction irrespective of respondent characteristics (i.e., national group, gender identities, and age group) or survey presentation (i.e., survey language). This has important implications for the assessment of life satisfaction across nations and provides information that will be useful for practitioners aiming to promote subjective well-being internationally.

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