Auto-immune anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: A two-case report
AIMS: To report two cases with different presentations of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis, a newly identified autoimmune disease characterized by consciousness changes, memory deficit, seizures, autonomic dysfunction and movement disorders.CASES DESCRIPTION: A six-year-o...
| Autores: | , , , |
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| Tipo de documento: | artigo |
| Estado: | Versão publicada |
| Data de publicação: | 2018 |
| País: | Brasil |
| Recursos: | Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) |
| Repositório: | Scientia Medica (Porto Alegre. Online) |
| Idioma: | português |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:ojs.revistaseletronicas.pucrs.br:article/29534 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://revistaseletronicas.pucrs.br/scientiamedica/article/view/29534 |
| Access Level: | Acceso aberto |
| Palavra-chave: | encephalitis anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis seizures movement disorders. encefalite encefalite antirreceptor N-metil-D-aspartato encefalite antirreceptor NMDA convulsões distúrbios do movimento. |
| Resumo: | AIMS: To report two cases with different presentations of anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (anti-NMDAR) encephalitis, a newly identified autoimmune disease characterized by consciousness changes, memory deficit, seizures, autonomic dysfunction and movement disorders.CASES DESCRIPTION: A six-year-old female, who presented with dystonic and choreoathetoid movements with refusal to walk. A 17-year-old male, presented with behavioral changes, retrograde amnesia and seizures. Electroencephalogram and brain magnetic resonance imaging did not show any significant findings. Anti-NMDAR antibodies were positive in cerebrospinal fluid in both cases and in serum in the first patient. Methylprednisolone, immunoglobulin and rituximab were given at different intervals. Both had a recurrence about six months later, with recovery at the end of one and a half year of the diagnosis.CONCLUSIONS: Anti-NMDAR encephalitis should be considered in patients with sudden onset of neuropsychiatric symptoms. Early diagnosis and treatment are major prognostic factors. |
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