Detection of several common adulterants in raw milk by mid-infrared spectroscopy and one-class and multi-class multivariate strategies

A sequential strategy was proposed to detect adulterants in milk using a mid-infrared spectroscopy and soft independent modelling of class analogy technique. Models were set with low target levels of adulterations including formaldehyde (0.074 g.L−1), hydrogen peroxide (21.0 g.L−1), bicarbonate (4.0...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Carina de Souza Gondim, Roberto Gonçalves Junqueira, Scheilla Vitorino Carvalho de Souza, Itziar Ruisánchez, Maria Pilar Callao
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2017
País:Brasil
Institución:Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
Repositorio:Repositório Institucional da UFMG
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.ufmg.br:1843/40513
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/1843/40513
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Milk adulteration
One-class modelling
Adulterant detection
Multi-class modelling
Multivariate SIMCA screening
Tecnologia de alimentos
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Descripción
Sumario:A sequential strategy was proposed to detect adulterants in milk using a mid-infrared spectroscopy and soft independent modelling of class analogy technique. Models were set with low target levels of adulterations including formaldehyde (0.074 g.L−1), hydrogen peroxide (21.0 g.L−1), bicarbonate (4.0 g.L−1), carbonate (4.0 g.L−1), chloride (5.0 g.L−1), citrate (6.5 g.L−1), hydroxide (4.0 g.L−1), hypochlorite (0.2 g.L−1), starch (5.0 g.L−1), sucrose (5.4 g.L−1) and water (150 g.L−1). In the first step, a one-class model was developed with unadulterated samples, providing 93.1% sensitivity. Four poorly assigned adulterants were discarded for the following step (multi-class modelling). Then, in the second step, a multi-class model, which considered unadulterated and formaldehyde-, hydrogen peroxide-, citrate-, hydroxide- and starch-adulterated samples was implemented, providing 82% correct classifications, 17% inconclusive classifications and 1% misclassifications. The proposed strategy was considered efficient as a screening approach since it would reduce the number of samples subjected to confirmatory analysis, time, costs and errors.