Bound states of massive complex ghosts in superrenormalizable quantum gravity theories

One of the remarkable differences between renormalizable quantum gravity with four-derivative action and its superrenormalizable polynomial generalizations is that the latter admit a more sophisticated particle mass spectrum. Already in the simplest superrenormalizable case, the theory has a six-der...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Asorey, M., Krein, G. [UNESP], Pardina, M., Shapiro, I.
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2025
País:Brasil
Institución:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Repositorio:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/299525
Acceso en línea:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/JHEP01(2025)113
https://hdl.handle.net/11449/299525
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Models of Quantum Gravity
Nonperturbative Effects
Renormalization and Regularization
Descripción
Sumario:One of the remarkable differences between renormalizable quantum gravity with four-derivative action and its superrenormalizable polynomial generalizations is that the latter admit a more sophisticated particle mass spectrum. Already in the simplest superrenormalizable case, the theory has a six-derivative Lagrangian, admitting either a real or complex spectrum of masses. In the case of a real spectrum, there are the graviton, massive unphysical ghosts, and normal particles with masses exceeding the ones of the ghosts. It is also possible to have pairs of complex conjugate massive ghost-like particles. We show that in both cases, these theories do not admit a Källén-Lehmann representation and do not satisfy the positivity criterium of consistency in terms of the fields associated to those particles. In the main part of the work, using a relatively simple Euclidean scalar toy model, we show that the theory with complex spectrum forms bound states confining unphysical massive excitations into a normal composite particle. Finally, we discuss the cosmological implications of such a ghost confinement.