NANOCOMPÓSITO POLIMÉRICO DE PLA/PCL COM NANOPARTÍCULAS METÁLICAS: SÍNTESE, CARACTERIZAÇÃO E APLICAÇÃO NA ENGENHARIA TECIDUAL
Pressure injuries (PIs) affect around 42.1 % of bedridden patients in Brazilian medical clinics, causing considerable treatment costs and public and economic health problems. Currently, conventional treatments for treating LPs require long healing periods, offering unnecessary risks to the patient,...
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| Formato: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | Brasil |
| Recursos: | Universidade Franciscana (UFN) |
| Repositorio: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da Universidade Franciscana (UFN) |
| Idioma: | portugués |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:tede.universidadefranciscana.edu.br:UFN-BDTD/1281 |
| Acesso em linha: | http://www.tede.universidadefranciscana.edu.br:8080/handle/UFN-BDTD/1281 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Biotecnologia; Blenda polimérica PLA/PCL; Lesões por pressão; Nanopartícula de Cobre; Nanopartícula de Prata. Biotechnology; PLA/PCL Polymeric Blend; Pressure Injuries; Copper Nanoparticles; Silver Nanoparticles. Interdisciplinar |
| Resumo: | Pressure injuries (PIs) affect around 42.1 % of bedridden patients in Brazilian medical clinics, causing considerable treatment costs and public and economic health problems. Currently, conventional treatments for treating LPs require long healing periods, offering unnecessary risks to the patient, such as serious infections. On the other hand, nanoscience and nanotechnology, combined with tissue engineering, emerge as an alternative to the search for effective solutions to resolve this problem, such as the application of dressings containing metallic nanoparticles, to increase the speed of healing with antibacterial effect. In this context, the present work aims to synthesize, characterize, and evaluate and evaluate the safety profile and antimicrobial activity of polymer nanocomposite of poly (lactic acid) and poly (ε caprolactone) (PLA/PCL) with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and copper (CuNPs), for application in tissue engineering as a possible topical dressing for the treatment of pressure injuries. Initially, copper (CuNPs) and silver (AgNPs) nanoparticles were synthesized by the biosynthesis method from commercial ascorbic acid. The PLA/PCL polymeric blend was prepared by the electrospinning method in a 3:1 ratio (in mass) of PLA and PCL, respectively. The polymer nanocomposite film with AgNPs and CuNPs was prepared by the electrospinning impregnation method, with the ideal synthesis condition determined by the central composite rotatable design (CCRD 2²). Then, there was the incorporation of angustifolia lavender essential oil (Lavandula angustifólia), in different percentages (0.5 – 1 % v v-1). The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Gun – Scanning Electron Microscopy (FEG-SEM), N2 porosimetry, contact angle (Ɵ), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTG), and tensile test. The PLA/PCL blend presented peaks characteristic of the crystalline structure of the copolymers, indicating the formation of a multicomponent system, with a morphology of defined threads and a small number of agglomerates, with a hydrophobic character (Ɵ = 122.4 ± 1.75º) and a kinetics of maximum decomposition at 384.37 ºC, confirming the synergistic effect of the PLA and PCL precursors. In relation to the DCCR 2² experimental planning for the polymer nanocomposite synthesis process, the ideal condition was for the 3:1D film (0.5 % AgNPs and 0.5 % CuNPs), which was chosen to carry out the other characterization tests. The 3:1D nanocomposite film showed an amorphous peak from PLA, as well as the absence of crystalline peaks from PCL and metallic nanoparticles. Furthermore, it presented filaments of the PLA/PCL blend polymer matrix well distributed and a hydrophobic behavior (Ɵ = 110.4 ± 1.48º), desired for films with biomedical application. The in vitro safety profile of the nanocomposite films was carried out in HFF-1 and HaCat, to evaluate cell viability, levels of nitric oxide and reactive species and the quantification of dsDNA, in addition to genotoxicity and genoprotection. Regarding cytotoxicity, it was possible to observe that the 3:1D.5 nanocomposite showed good cell viability (above 80 %) and a lower rate of generation of nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species and extracellular release of dsDNA for HFF-1 cell lines and HaCat, in addition to not presenting genotoxicity and good genoprotection. Biofilm formation tests were carried out on nanocomposite films in order to evaluate the non-formation of bacterial films. 3:1D, 3:1D.5 and 3:1D.75 films did not show biofilm formation, for the gram-positive strain (S. aureus) and gram-negative strains (E. coli, P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae), showing that nanocomposite films have potential antimicrobial action. Therefore, the PLA/PCL polymer nanocomposite with AgNPs, CuNPs and OEL presents potential use as a healing dressing for potential application in the treatment of pressure injuries. |
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