Prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting induced by antineoplasic chemotherapy

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting has a major adverse impact in câncer patients, and this has led to considerable research in this field. There are a great number of clinical trials focusing on acute emesis and, significant strides forward have heen made with this problem. However, the pathop...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Maraschin, Jorge de Faria, Lazzaron, Anderson Rech, Schwartsmann, Gilberto
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:Brasil
Institución:Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA)
Repositorio:Revista Brasileira de Cancerologia (Online)
Idioma:portugués
OAI Identifier:oai:rbc.inca.gov.br:article/2767
Acceso en línea:https://rbc.inca.gov.br/index.php/revista/article/view/2767
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Cisplatina
Náuseas
Vômitos
Antieméticos
Prevenção
Tratamento
Cisplatin
Náusea
Voiniting
Anti-Emetics
Prevention
Treatment
Descripción
Sumario:Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting has a major adverse impact in câncer patients, and this has led to considerable research in this field. There are a great number of clinical trials focusing on acute emesis and, significant strides forward have heen made with this problem. However, the pathophysiology of delayed emesis is still poorly understood and the control of it remains a therapeutic challenge. To prevent and treat chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting, a wide variety of drugs is available. In order to prevent acute emesis induced by highly emetogenic chemotherapy, the use of both 5-HT3 receptor antagonist plus dexamethasone is the choice. For delayed emesis, metoclopramide plus dexamethasone should be considered for those patients with satisfactory control of acute episodes and for those with poor acute emesis control, the combination of 5-HT3 receptor antagonist plus dexamethasone should be used. The prevention of acute emesis induced by moderately emetogenic chemotherapy involves the use of a combination of a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist plus dexainethasone, while more well-conducted studies are necessary to define the best anti-emetic therapy for delayed emesis, since the is no study comparing the different treatments in a proper manner.