Comparison between Colistin and Polymyxin B in the Treatment of Bloodstream Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus Complex

Polymyxins are still widely used for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections (BSIs). This study seeks to evaluate the impact of polymyxin B versus colistin on mortality and nephrotoxicity in BSI caused by these bacteria. We cond...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Garcia, Rebeca Carvalho Lacerda, Rodrigues, Rodrigo Douglas, Garcia, Ester Carvalho Lacerda, Rigatto, Maria Helena da Silva Pitombeira
Tipo de documento: artigo
Estado:Versão publicada
Data de publicação:2023
País:Brasil
Recursos:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
Repositório:Repositório Institucional da UFRGS
Idioma:inglês
OAI Identifier:oai:www.lume.ufrgs.br:10183/280250
Acesso em linha:http://hdl.handle.net/10183/280250
Access Level:Acceso aberto
Palavra-chave:Polimixina B
Acinetobacter baumannii
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Sepse
Colistina
Bloodstream infection
Colistin
Polymyxin B
Descrição
Resumo:Polymyxins are still widely used for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections (BSIs). This study seeks to evaluate the impact of polymyxin B versus colistin on mortality and nephrotoxicity in BSI caused by these bacteria. We conducted a retrospective cohort study from 2014 to 2021 in Porto Alegre, Brazil. We included patients aged ≥18 years and excluded patients with polymicrobial infection or treatment for ≤48 h. The 30-day mortality was the primary outcome evaluated through Cox regression. We included 259 patients with BSI episodes: 78.8% caused by A. baumannii and 21.2% caused by P. aeruginosa. Polymyxin B did not impact mortality compared to colistin (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.52-1.30; p = 0.40 (when adjusted for COVID-19 comorbidity, p = 0.05), Pitt bacteremia score, p < 0.01; Charlson comorbidity index, p < 0.001; time to start active antimicrobial therapy, p = 0.02). Results were maintained in the subgroups of BSI caused by A. baumannii (aHR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.55-1.54; p = 0.74), P. aeruginosa (aHR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.17-1.32; p = 0.15) and critical care patients (aHR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.47-1.26; p = 0.30). Treatment with polymyxin B or colistin did not impact 30-day mortality in patients with carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii or P. aeruginosa BSI.