The application of european standards in Brazil: extraterritoriality through the european regulation on deforestation and criminal repression of deforestation in public lands

Contextualization: The article examines the potential extraterritorial impacts of the European Union’s (EU) Regulation on Deforestation-free Products (EUDR) on the formulation of Brazilian environmental policies, given the EU’s strict environmental compliance requirements for exporting countries. In...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Mata Diz, Jamile Bergamaschine, Cobucci, Vinicius, Del Pozo, Carlos Francisco Molina
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:Brasil
Institución:Centro Universitário Christus (Unichristus)
Repositorio:Revista Opinião Jurídica (Fortaleza)
Idioma:portugués
OAI Identifier:oai:ojs.emnuvens.com.br:article/5636
Acceso en línea:https://periodicos.unichristus.edu.br/opiniaojuridica/article/view/5636
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:extraterritorialidade
regulamento europeu contra o desmatamento
Justiça Federal
extraterritoriality
european regulation on deforestation-free products (EUDR)
Federal Judiciary
extraterritorialidad
reglamento europeo contra la deforestación
Justicia Federal
Descripción
Sumario:Contextualization: The article examines the potential extraterritorial impacts of the European Union’s (EU) Regulation on Deforestation-free Products (EUDR) on the formulation of Brazilian environmental policies, given the EU’s strict environmental compliance requirements for exporting countries. In addition to outlining control mechanisms for imported products, the EUDR establishes systems to evaluate the public policies of exporting countries against deforestation, including enforcement mechanisms and the application of sanctions. Objective: To assess whether the sanctions provided under Article 50-A of Law No. 9.605/98, which criminalizes illegal deforestation in forests located on public or unclaimed lands in Brazil, meet EUDR criteria, particularly regarding the effectiveness of Brazilian criminal law in combating deforestation. Method: The study analyzed 66 rulings from the Federal Regional Court of the 1st Region between January and October 2024, based on jurisprudence research using keywords related to deforestation and criminal appeals. In cases where convictions occurred, the applied penalties and the deforested areas were evaluated. Results: Most cases resulted in acquittals (58.2%) or statutes of limitation (8.8%), while only 32.4% led to convictions. The applied penalties, typically light, often consisted of non-custodial measures, notably pecuniary sanctions, which proved insufficient to deter illegal deforestation. It is concluded that Brazilian criminal legislation does not meet the qualitative and purpose-driven criteria established by the EUDR to evaluate the effectiveness of the repressive policies of exporting countries.