Effectiveness of Meningococcal C conjugate vaccine in Salvador, Brazil: a case-control study.

During a citywide epidemic of serogroup C meningococcal disease in Salvador in 2010, Brazil, the state government initiated mass vaccination targeting two age groups with high attack rates: individuals aged <5 years and 10–24 years. More than 600,000 doses of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate v...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Cardoso, Cristiane Wanderley, Ribeiro, Guilherme Sousa, Reis, Mitermayer Galvão, Flannery, Brendan, Reis, Joice Neves
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2015
País:Brasil
Institución:Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA)
Repositorio:Repositório Institucional da UFBA
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.ufba.br:ri/19049
Acceso en línea:http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/19049
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Meningococcal Disease
Meningococcal Vaccine
Epidemic
Descripción
Sumario:During a citywide epidemic of serogroup C meningococcal disease in Salvador in 2010, Brazil, the state government initiated mass vaccination targeting two age groups with high attack rates: individuals aged <5 years and 10–24 years. More than 600,000 doses of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccines were administered. We performed a casecontrol study to evaluate vaccine uptake, document vaccine effectiveness and identify reasons for non-vaccination. Methods and Findings Population-based surveillance identified patients with laboratory-confirmed invasive meningococcal C (MenC) disease during 2010. Information on MenC vaccination was obtained from case patients and age-matched individuals from the same neighborhoods. MenC vaccine effectiveness was estimated based on the exact odds ratios obtained by conditional logistic regression analysis. Of 51 laboratory-confirmed cases of serogroup C meningococcal disease among patients <5 and 10–24 years of age 50 were included in the study and matched with 240 controls. Overall case-fatality was 25%.MenC vaccine coverage among controls increased from 7.1%to 70.2% after initiation of the vaccination campaign. None of the 50 case patients but 70 (29.2%) of the 240 control individuals, including 59 (70.2%) of 84 matched with cases from the period afterMenC vaccination, had received at least one MenC vaccine dose. Overall effectiveness of MenC was 98%with a lower 95%exact confidence limit of 89%. Conclusions MenC vaccines administered during the meningococcal epidemic were highly effective, suggesting that rapid vaccine uptake through campaigns contributed to control of meningococcal disease.