Assessment of overvoltages on medium voltage circuits of hybrid overhead lines due to direct lightning strikes

The continuous population growth in large cities has become an obstacle in constructing new distribution lines due to the limitations of available space. To address this concern, the construction of hybrid overhead lines, which are overhead lines composed of sub-transmission and distribution circuit...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor: Moraes, Luana Batista
Tipo de recurso: tesis doctoral
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:Brasil
Institución:Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Repositorio:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:teses.usp.br:tde-24062024-174839
Acceso en línea:https://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/106/106134/tde-24062024-174839/
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:descargas atmosféricas diretas
desempenho frente a descargas atmosféricas
direct strokes
distribution lines
electromagnetic transients
hybrid overhead lines
lightning overvoltages
lightning performance
linhas aéreas híbridas
linhas de distribuição
measurements
medições
modelo reduzido
scale models
sobretensões atmosféricas
transitórios eletromagnéticos
Descripción
Sumario:The continuous population growth in large cities has become an obstacle in constructing new distribution lines due to the limitations of available space. To address this concern, the construction of hybrid overhead lines, which are overhead lines composed of sub-transmission and distribution circuits, has been seen as a viable solution. However, despite the advantages, few studies have been devoted to the lightning performance analysis of this type of line. This Ph.D. Dissertation analyzes surges caused by direct lightning strokes to a hybrid overhead line composed of 138 kV, 13.8 kV, and 220 V circuits, primarily focusing on the medium voltage (MV) line overvoltages. Specific models for the transmission towers and high-voltage (HV) insulators were validated through tests and simulations. A reduced-scale model of a section of four spans of an actual hybrid overhead line was developed and deployed. Currents were injected at the top of the central tower, and voltages were measured at different points along the tower and on the HV and MV circuits. Comparisons between measured and calculated (using the EMTP) results were performed on this line type for the first time. The deviations between the peak voltages measured and calculated absolute values varied from 1.2% to 16%. The results indicated the adequacy of the models used in the EMTP simulations and in the reduced-scale system. In addition to analyzing the overvoltages on the MV circuit and their dependence on the main parameters, critical currents were also calculated for different combinations of soil resistivity and ground impulse impedance. The analysis confirms the excellent lightning performance of the hybrid overhead line, even for the most challenging conditions considered in the study.