O método bijetivo e a fórmula de Cayley sobre árvores

The objective of this work is to present the Bijective Principle as a counting method and to use it to demonstrate Cayley's formula about the number of trees labeled with a given set of vertices. This is an interesting method of counting which consists in observing that the existence of a bijec...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor: Castro, Francisco Alberto Cavalcante de
Formato: tesis de maestría
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2018
País:Brasil
Recursos:Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
Repositorio:Repositório Institucional da Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC)
Idioma:portugués
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.ufc.br:riufc/36872
Acesso em linha:http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/36872
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Teorema de Cayley
Árvores (Teoria dos grafos)
Princípio bijetivo
Cayley's Theorem
Trees (Graph theory)
Bijective principle
Descrição
Resumo:The objective of this work is to present the Bijective Principle as a counting method and to use it to demonstrate Cayley's formula about the number of trees labeled with a given set of vertices. This is an interesting method of counting which consists in observing that the existence of a bijection between two finite sets implies that such sets have the same amount of elements. To understand it better, we will briefly review functions and then introduce several applications. And to understand Cayley's formula we need to introduce some introductory concepts on Graph Theory. Proof of this formula is made using the so-called Prüfer Code, which will also be presented here.