Severe Bushmaster Snakebite Envenoming: Case Report and Overview

Unlike the well-documented bothropic and crotalid snakebites in Brazil, lachetic envenomings (i.e., triggered by the bushmaster snake) are rare and present significant diagnostic challenges. This case describes a severe envenoming induced by a Lachesis muta snake in a 26-year-old Brazilian man who w...

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Bibliographic Details
Authors: Garces-Filho, Allan Quadros, Santos, Humberto H. M., Aguiar, Thays K. P. P., Ramos, Dafnin L. S., Galan, Luis E. B., Dantas, Domingos S. M., Cerni, Felipe A., Carbonell, Roberto C., Pucca, Manuela B. [UNESP]
Format: article
Status:Published version
Publication Date:2024
Country:Brasil
Institution:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Repository:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Language:English
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/300650
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/reports7030068
https://hdl.handle.net/11449/300650
Access Level:Open access
Keyword:snakebite envenoming
Lachesis
Roraima
infection
amputation
Description
Summary:Unlike the well-documented bothropic and crotalid snakebites in Brazil, lachetic envenomings (i.e., triggered by the bushmaster snake) are rare and present significant diagnostic challenges. This case describes a severe envenoming induced by a Lachesis muta snake in a 26-year-old Brazilian man who was bitten near a forest in November 2022. Characteristic symptoms such as sweating and bradycardia pointed towards lachetic envenoming, but initial misdiagnosis as a bothropic bite resulted in a delay in appropriate antivenom therapy. Despite later receiving the correct treatment, the severity of the envenoming necessitated the amputation of a finger and triggered a severe infection. This report highlights the challenges of diagnosing and treating Lachesis spp. bites due to their rarity. Moreover, an overview of lachetic-induced signs and symptoms was explored. This study emphasizes that further reports are warranted to improve understanding of Lachesis muta envenoming and to optimize treatment strategies.