Eficácia da caminhada ecológica com restrição de fluxo sanguíneo nas adaptações funcionais de indivíduos idosos
The search for efficient and accessible strategies to promote functional adaptations in older adults is increasingly relevant in the context of population aging. Walking exercise is already widely accepted and used by this population due to its ease of execution and recognized efficiency, and when c...
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| Formato: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2025 |
| País: | Brasil |
| Recursos: | Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB) |
| Repositorio: | Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFPB |
| Idioma: | portugués |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:repositorio.ufpb.br:123456789/35999 |
| Acesso em linha: | https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/35999 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palavra-chave: | Treinamento aeróbico Restrição de fluxo sanguíneo Capacidade Funcional Idoso Aerobic training Blood flow restriction Functional capacity Older adults Entrenamiento aeróbico Restricción del flujo sanguíneo Capacidad funcional Adulto mayor CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::EDUCACAO FISICA |
| Resumo: | The search for efficient and accessible strategies to promote functional adaptations in older adults is increasingly relevant in the context of population aging. Walking exercise is already widely accepted and used by this population due to its ease of execution and recognized efficiency, and when combined with the blood flow restriction (BFR) technique, this practice may enhance functional adaptations with lower joint overload, becoming a promising alternative for people at this age. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of ecological walking with blood flow restriction on the functional adaptations of older adults. Methods: The population consisted of older adults, with a sample of N = 36 individuals aged ≥ 60 years, of both sexes, physically active, randomized through the Randomizer® app into four groups: G1 = walking with blood flow restriction (CAM+BFR) at 50% pressure, G2 = SHAM walking (0% pressure), G3 = walking without blood flow restriction (CAM), and G4 = CON (no exercise). A total of 18 experimental sessions were conducted, with an average duration of 36 minutes, divided into warm-up (10 minutes), walking (21 minutes), and cool-down (5 minutes). Dynamic strength, isometric strength, and muscular endurance were assessed through the 10RM test, isometric dynamometry, and the sit-to-stand test, respectively. Flexibility, agility/dynamic balance, and cardiopulmonary capacity were measured by the Wells bench test, TUG test, and the 1-mile walk test, respectively. Biodiversity perception was evaluated using a perceived biodiversity questionnaire. Analyses were conducted using JAMOVI software (v2.2.5), with ANOVA for between-group comparisons and paired t-tests for within-group comparisons. A significance level of p ≤ 0.05 was adopted, along with calculations of effect size (η²), Cohen's d, and percentage variation (Δ%). Results: The intragroup pre vs. post analyses indicated that the CAM+BFR group showed improvements in dynamic strength (10RM: p = 0.026; Δ% = 17.7; d = 0.69), isometric strength (dynamometry: p = 0.041; Δ% = 30.7; d = 0.41), lower limb endurance (sit-to-stand: p = 0.003; Δ% = 18.6; d = 0.72), flexibility (p = 0.042; Δ% = 12.88; d = 0.32), VO₂max (Δ% = 11.03; d = 0.39), agility (TUG: p = 0.335; Δ% = −4.74; d = −0.40), and biodiversity perception, especially for birds (Δ% = 155.32; d = 0.90) and trees (Δ% = 75.08; d = 0.88), although most of these variables did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Ecological walking with 50% controlled blood flow restriction proved to be a promising strategy to promote functional adaptations in older adults, considering the pleasurable nature of the exercise, the appreciation of environmental contact, and the minimal disruption to daily habits. This combination makes the BFR technique functional and accessible to achieve better performance in physical components, health, and functionality in the elderly population. |
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