Exploring the connection between plant histochemistry and phytochemical prospection in species of Athenaea Sendtn. (Solanaceae)
Although morphoanatomical and chemical markers exist for the systematics of Solanaceae, there are gaps in understanding how these traits may influence the recent and substantial changes in the taxonomy of the subtribe Withaninae. Athenaea is the only Latin American genus of this subtribe, which was...
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| Tipo de recurso: | tesis doctoral |
| Estado: | Versión publicada |
| Fecha de publicación: | 2024 |
| País: | Brasil |
| Institución: | Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) |
| Repositorio: | LOCUS Repositório Institucional da UFV |
| Idioma: | inglés |
| OAI Identifier: | oai:locus.ufv.br:123456789/33165 |
| Acceso en línea: | https://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/33165 https://doi.org/10.47328/ufvbbt.2024.712 |
| Access Level: | acceso abierto |
| Palabra clave: | Alcaloides Plantas - Anatomia Acetilcolinesterase - Inibidores Butirilcolinesterase - Inibidores Química vegetal Biomoléculas Quimiotaxonomia vegetal Vitanolídeos CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::BOTANICA::MORFOLOGIA VEGETAL::ANATOMIA VEGETAL |
| Sumario: | Although morphoanatomical and chemical markers exist for the systematics of Solanaceae, there are gaps in understanding how these traits may influence the recent and substantial changes in the taxonomy of the subtribe Withaninae. Athenaea is the only Latin American genus of this subtribe, which was recently circumscribed. Athenaea species have been the subject of recent pharmacological studies due to the presence of withanolides. These compounds are considered as chemotaxonomic markers in Withaninae. However, there is limited knowledge about their diversity in Athenaea. In Withania somnifera, a plant used in Ayurvedic medicine and phylogenetically related to Athenaea, numerous withanolides with confirmed biological properties have been described. These properties include neurotherapeutic effects that are useful for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD). The main goal of this thesis was to investigate the histolocalization of secondary metabolites in the leaves of Athenaea species, their metabolic profile focusing on withanolides and which species may be promising in future biotechnological investigations, especially for cholinesterase inhibition. Additionally, the site of synthesis and accumulation of these and other substances in the cells/tissues of the species was identified. The pharmacological potential of Athenaea extracts was also tested to inhibit enzymes involved in the progression of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) symptoms. Secretory trichomes and idioblasts are the structures specialized in the accumulation of alkaloids, steroids, phenolics and lipids in Athenaea leaves. The morphotypes of the trichomes can help in the distinction of the species. Sixteen withanolides were manually recorded in the biological samples and this is the first report of withanolides for A. brasiliana and Athenaea tomentosa. The diversity and distribution of withanolides allowed us to understand the phylogenetic proximity with other phylogenetically related taxa, such as W. somnifera. Athenaea tomentosa is considered promising because it presents strong inhibition for AChE, for both the dichloromethane (102.2 (± 6.7) %) and ethanolic (93.3 (± 3.6) %) extract. Through the use of standard techniques for anatomical, metabolomic, and phytochemical prospecting, this integrative approach is groundbreaking for Athenaea. The findings have the potential to help resolve taxonomic issues and guide biotechnological research in the Solanaceae family. They could also identify source species of withanolides for future biological studies. KEYWORDS: Alkaloids, Anticholinesterase activity, Histolocalization, Metabolomics, Ontogeny, Phytochemistry, Plant anatomy, Plant chemotaxonomy, Withanolides. |
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