A new species of basal rhynchosaur (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the early Middle Triassic of South Africa, and the early evolution of Rhynchosauria

Rhynchosauria was an important clade of herbivorous archosauromorph reptiles during the Triassic, with a worldwide distribution. We describe a new genus and species of early rhynchosaur, Eohyosaurus wolvaardti gen. et sp. nov., from the early Middle Triassic (early Anisian) CynognathusAssemblage Zon...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Autores: Butler, Richard J., Ezcurra, Martín D., Montefeltro, Felipe C. [UNESP], Samathi, Adun, Sobral, Gabriela
Formato: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2015
País:Brasil
Recursos:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Repositorio:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/167867
Acesso em linha:http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12246
http://hdl.handle.net/11449/167867
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Anisian
Burgersdorp Formation
Cynognathus assemblage zone
Phylogeny
Rhynchosauridae
Descrição
Resumo:Rhynchosauria was an important clade of herbivorous archosauromorph reptiles during the Triassic, with a worldwide distribution. We describe a new genus and species of early rhynchosaur, Eohyosaurus wolvaardti gen. et sp. nov., from the early Middle Triassic (early Anisian) CynognathusAssemblage Zone (Subzone B) of the Karoo Supergroup, South Africa. Eohyosaurus wolvaardti is known from a single skull, and is recovered as the sister taxon of Rhynchosauridae in a new phylogenetic analysis. CynognathusSubzone B has previously yielded the stratigraphically oldest well-understood rhynchosaur species, Mesosuchus browni and Howesia browni. Eohyosaurus wolvaardti increases the rhynchosaur diversity within this stratigraphical horizon to three species. Intriguingly, all currently confirmed rhynchosaur occurrences from the Early Triassic to earliest Middle Triassic are from South Africa. This may suggest a relatively restricted palaeogeographical distribution for early rhynchosaurs, followed by a global dispersal of rhynchosaurids during the Middle Triassic.