Anatomical, physiological, and behavioral mechanisms of thermoregulation in elephants

Elephants use different thermoregulatory mechanisms that depend on the anatomical and morphological characteristics of the species. The crevices and wrinkles of the skin enhance the water-retention capacity of the epidermis. The highly vascularized ear is another region of particular interest, as it...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Domínguez-Oliva, Adriana, Ghezzi, Marcelo Daniel, Mora-Medina, Patricia, Hernández-Ávalos, Ismael, Jacome, Joseline, Castellón, Andrea, Falcón, Isabel, Reséndiz, Fátima, Romero, Nicole, Ponce, Raúl, Mota-Rojas, Daniel
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2022
País:Brasil
Institución:Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido (UFERSA)
Repositorio:Journal of Animal Behaviour and Biometeorology
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ojs2.malque.pub:article/329
Acceso en línea:https://malque.pub/ojs/index.php/jabb/article/view/329
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Loxodonta africana
Elephas maximus
elephant anatomy
thermal state
Descripción
Sumario:Elephants use different thermoregulatory mechanisms that depend on the anatomical and morphological characteristics of the species. The crevices and wrinkles of the skin enhance the water-retention capacity of the epidermis. The highly vascularized ear is another region of particular interest, as its movement and vasomotor changes promote heat dissipation. Generally, these mechanisms are modulated by the hypothalamic thermoregulatory center and by the peripheral response of animals. Nonetheless, elephants are currently exposed to alterations in their habitats, such as global warming and climatic changes, which challenge their homeothermy. This article aims to discuss the thermoregulation mechanisms of African (Loxodonta africana) and Asian (Elephas maximus) elephants from an anatomical, physiological, and behavioral basis. The practical implications of these elements will be analyzed to implement tools, such as infrared thermography, or environmental enrichment, as strategies to promote the thermal balance of elephants.