Titanium micro-nano textured surface with strontium incorporation improves osseointegration: an in vivo and in vitro study

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the osseointegration of titanium (Ti) implants with micro-nano textured surfaces functionalized with strontium additions (Sr) in a pre-clinical rat tibia model. Methodology: Ti commercially pure (cp-Ti) implants were installed bilaterally in the tibia of 6...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: da COSTA FILHO, Pio Moerbeck [UNESP], MARCANTONIO, Camila Chiérici [UNESP], de OLIVEIRA, Diego Pedreira, LOPES, Maria Eduarda Scordamaia [UNESP], PUETATE, Julio Cesar Sanchez [UNESP], FARIA, Luan Viana [UNESP], de CARVALHO, Letícia Freitas [UNESP], de MOLON, Rafael Scaf [UNESP], JUNIOR, Idelmo Rangel GARCIA [UNESP], NOGUEIRA, Andressa Vilas Bôas, DESCHNER, James, CIRELLI, Joni Augusto [UNESP]
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2024
País:Brasil
Institución:Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP)
Repositorio:Repositório Institucional da UNESP
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unesp.br:11449/299113
Acceso en línea:http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2024-0144
https://hdl.handle.net/11449/299113
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:Animal model
Dental implant
Osseointegration
Strontium
Surface modification
Titanium implant
Descripción
Sumario:Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the osseointegration of titanium (Ti) implants with micro-nano textured surfaces functionalized with strontium additions (Sr) in a pre-clinical rat tibia model. Methodology: Ti commercially pure (cp-Ti) implants were installed bilaterally in the tibia of 64 Holtzman rats, divided into four experimental groups (n=16/group): (1) Machined surface - control (C); (2) Micro-nano textured surface treatment (MN); (3) Micro-nano textured surface with Sr2+ addition (MNSr); and (4) Micro-nano textured surface with a higher complementary addition of Sr2+ (MNSr+). In total, two experimental euthanasia periods were assessed at 15 and 45 days (n=8/period). The tibia was subjected to micro-computed tomography (μ-CT), histomorphometry with the EXAKT system, removal torque (TR) testing, and gene expression analysis by PCR-Array of 84 osteogenic markers. Gene expression and protein production of bone markers were performed in an in vitro model with MC3T3-E1 cells. The surface characteristics of the implants were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and laser scanning confocal microscopy. Results: SEM, confocal, and EDS analyses demonstrated the formation of uniform micro-nano textured surfaces in the MN group and Sr addition in the MNSr and MNSr+ groups. TR test indicated greater osseointegration in the 45- day period for treated surfaces. Histological analysis highlighted the benefits of the treatments, especially in cortical bone, in which an increase in bone-implant contact was found in groups MN (15 days) and MNSr (45 days) compared to the control group. Gene expression analysis of osteogenic activity markers showed modulation of various osteogenesis-related genes. According to the in vitro model, RT-qPCR and ELISA demonstrated that the treatments favored gene expression and production of osteoblastic differentiation markers. Conclusions: Micro-nano textured surface and Sr addition can effectively improve and accelerate implant osseointegration and is, therefore, an attractive approach to modifying titanium implant surfaces with significant potential in clinical practice.