Sleep spindles: validated concepts and breakthroughs

INTRODUCTION: Sleep spindles, the hallmark of sleep synchronization in stage 2 non-REM sleep, are rhythmic and monomorphic waves, between 10 and 14 Hz, with a maximum amplitude in the vertex (Cz), with bilateral irradiation to central regions (C3 and C4). OBJECTIVE: In this article we present an ove...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Spinosa, Mônica Jaques [UNIFESP], Garzon, Eliana [UNIFESP]
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2007
País:Brasil
Institución:Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)
Repositorio:Repositório Institucional da UNIFESP
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:repositorio.unifesp.br:11600/4081
Acceso en línea:http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1676-26492007000400006
http://repositorio.unifesp.br/handle/11600/4081
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:sleep spindles
non-REM sleep
EEG
fusos de sono
sono não-REM
Descripción
Sumario:INTRODUCTION: Sleep spindles, the hallmark of sleep synchronization in stage 2 non-REM sleep, are rhythmic and monomorphic waves, between 10 and 14 Hz, with a maximum amplitude in the vertex (Cz), with bilateral irradiation to central regions (C3 and C4). OBJECTIVE: In this article we present an overview of sleep spindles ranging from well established concepts of morphology, generation mechanisms, maturational features, abnormal patterns and pathological aspects since the knowledge is important to identify the normal and abnormal patterns. CONCLUSION: Centro-parietal and frontal spindle are normal pattern and extreme spindle is abnormal, mostly found in children mentally retarded up to 5 years-old. In this review research boundaries of memory consolidation, synaptic potentiation and brain plasticity were also presented.