Diferenciação do padrão de malignidade e benignidade de massas em imagens de mamografias usando padrões locais binários, geoestatística e índice de diversidade

Breast cancer is the second most frequent type of cancer in the world, being more common among women, and representing 22% of the new cases every year. A precocious diagnosis improves the chances of a successful treatment. Mammography is one of the best ways to precocious detection of non-palpable t...

ver descrição completa

Detalhes bibliográficos
Autor: ROCHA, Simara Vieira da
Formato: tesis doctoral
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2014
País:Brasil
Recursos:Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA)
Repositorio:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFMA
Idioma:portugués
OAI Identifier:oai:tede2:tede/1822
Acesso em linha:http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1822
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palavra-chave:Reconhecimento de Padrões
Padrões Locais Binários
Geoestatística
Índice de Diversidade
Máquina de Vetores de Suporte
Câncer de Mama
Pattern Recognition
Local Binary Pattern
Geostatistics
Diversity Index
Support Vector Machine
Breast Cancer
Processamento Gráfico
Ciência da Computação
Descrição
Resumo:Breast cancer is the second most frequent type of cancer in the world, being more common among women, and representing 22% of the new cases every year. A precocious diagnosis improves the chances of a successful treatment. Mammography is one of the best ways to precocious detection of non-palpable tumor that could lead to a breast cancer. However, it is well known that this exam's sensibility may vary a lot. This is due to factors such as: the specialist's experience, patient's age and the quality of the exam image. The use of Image Processing and Machine Learning techniques has becoming a strong contribution to the specialist diagnosis task. Thes thesis proposes a methodology to discriminate patterns of malignancy and benignity of masses in mammographic images using texture analysis and machine learning. For this purpose, the methodology combines structural and statistical approaches for the analysis of texture regions extracted from mammograms. Furthermore, this research extends the concept of Diversity Index through the use of species co-occurrence information in order to increase the efficiency of extraction of texture features. The techniques used are Local Binary Pattern, Ripley's K function and diversity indexes (Shannon, Mcintosh, Simpson, Gleason and Menhinick indexes). The extracted texture is classified using a Support Vector Machine into benign and malignant classes. The best results obrained with Ripley's K function were 92,20% of accuracy, 92,96% of sensibility, 91,26% of specificity, 10.63 of likelihood positive ratio, 0,07 of likelihood negative ratio and an area under ROC curve Az of 0,92.