Experimental proof of faster-is-slower in systems of frictional particles flowing through constrictions

The "faster-is-slower" (FIS) effect was first predicted by computer simulations of the egress of pedestrians through a narrow exit [Helbing D, Farkas I J, Vicsek T, Nature 407:487-490 (2000)]. FIS refers to the finding that, under certain conditions, an excess of the individuals´ vigor in...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Pastor, José M., Garcimartín, Angel, Gago, Paula Alejandra, Peralta, Juan Pablo, Martín Gómez, César, Ferrer, Luis M., Maza, Diego, Parisi, Daniel Ricardo, Pugnaloni, Luis Ariel, Zuriguel, Iker
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2015
País:Argentina
Institución:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
Repositorio:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/114768
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/11336/114768
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:CLOGGING
FASTER-IS-SLOWER
GRANULAR FLOW
PEDESTRIAN
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1
Descripción
Sumario:The "faster-is-slower" (FIS) effect was first predicted by computer simulations of the egress of pedestrians through a narrow exit [Helbing D, Farkas I J, Vicsek T, Nature 407:487-490 (2000)]. FIS refers to the finding that, under certain conditions, an excess of the individuals´ vigor in the attempt to exit causes a decrease in the flow rate. In general, this effect is identified by the appearance of a minimum when plotting the total evacuation time of a crowd as a function of the pedestrian desired velocity. Here, we experimentally show that the FIS effect indeed occurs in three different systems of discrete particles flowing through a constriction: (a) humans evacuating a room, (b) a herd of sheep entering a barn and (c) grains flowing out a 2D hopper over a vibrated incline. This finding suggests that FIS is a universal phenomenon for active matter passing through a narrowing.