Sex Differences in Self-Construal and in Depressive Symptoms: Predictors of Cross-National Variation

Sex differences in aspects of independent versus interdependent self-construal and depressive symptoms were surveyed among 5,320 students from 24 nations. Men were found to perceive themselves as more self-contained whereas women perceived themselves as more connected to others. No significant sex d...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores: Smith, Peter B., Easterbrook, Matthew J., al Selim, Heyla, Lun, Vivian Miu Chi, Koc, Yasin, Gul, Pelin, Papastylianou, Dona, Grigoryan, Lusine, Torres, Claudio, Efremova, Maria, Hassan, Bushra, Ahmad, Abd Halim, al Bayati, Ahmed, Anderson, Joel, Cross, Susan E., Delfino, Gisela Isabel, Gamsakhurdia, Vladimer, Gavreliuc, Alin, Gavreliuc, Dana, Gunsoy, Ceren, Hakobjanyan, Anna, Lay, Siugmin, Lopukhova, Olga, Hu, Ping, Sunar, Diane, Mendes Texeira, Maria Luisa, Tripodi, Doriana, Diaz Rivera, Paola Eunice, van Osch, Yvette, Yuki, Masaki, Abbas, Ammar, Ogusu, Natsuki, Kwantes, Catherine T., Diaz Loving, Rolando, Perez Floriano, Lorena, Chaleeraktrakoon, Trawin, Chobthamkit, Phatthanakit
Tipo de recurso: artículo
Estado:Versión publicada
Fecha de publicación:2020
País:Argentina
Institución:Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
Repositorio:CONICET Digital (CONICET)
Idioma:inglés
OAI Identifier:oai:ri.conicet.gov.ar:11336/175729
Acceso en línea:http://hdl.handle.net/11336/175729
Access Level:acceso abierto
Palabra clave:GENDER DIFFERENCES
GENDER EQUALITY
INDEPENDENCE VERSUS INTERDEPENDENCE
RELIGIOSITY
SELF-CONSTRUAL
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5.1
https://purl.org/becyt/ford/5
Descripción
Sumario:Sex differences in aspects of independent versus interdependent self-construal and depressive symptoms were surveyed among 5,320 students from 24 nations. Men were found to perceive themselves as more self-contained whereas women perceived themselves as more connected to others. No significant sex differences were found on two further dimensions of self-construal, or on a measure of depressive symptoms. Multilevel modeling was used to test the ability of a series of predictors derived from a social identity perspective and from evolutionary theory to moderate sex differences. Contrary to most prior studies of personality, sex differences in self-construal were larger in samples from nations scoring lower on the Gender Gap Index, and the Human Development Index. Sex differences were also greater in nations with higher pathogen prevalence, higher self-reported religiosity, and in nations with high reported avoidance of settings with strong norms. The findings are discussed in terms of the interrelatedness of self-construals and the cultural contexts in which they are elicited and the distinctiveness of student samples.

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